RU2827740C1 - Receive-transmit switch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electronic switches and can be used in hydroacoustic systems for alternate connection of a hydroacoustic transducer to the output of a transmitter and an input of a receiver. Receiving-transmitting switch contains a transmitter, an electroacoustic transducer and a receiver, wherein the zero buses of the transmitter and receiver are connected to the zero output of the electroacoustic transducer, as well as a switch made in the form of an optoelectronic relay, wherein the first input of the switch is connected to the first output of the electroacoustic transducer, its output in the hydroacoustic signal emission mode is connected to the output of the transmitter, in the "pause" mode is connected to the zero bus, and in the receiving mode – to the input of the receiver.

EFFECT: absence of radiation and reception during a pause corresponding to inactivity of hydroacoustic means, which prevents the effect of an external signal which causes formation of a "dial-up" signal.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The transmit-receive switch (TRS) is an electronic switch and can be used in hydroacoustic systems for alternately connecting the hydroacoustic transducer (HAT) to the transmitter output and receiver input; the switch's operation in the receive-pause-transmit mode prevents the receiver input from failing at the moment of emission of the probing pulse by the electroacoustic transducer.

A known KPP [1] is used in hydroacoustic systems, which is the case when the same electroacoustic transducer alternately provides radiation and reception. The disadvantage of the known KPP is the presence of a giveaway feature: when an external signal acts on the EAP, which is an oscillatory circuit, a “dial” signal is formed. After the end of the action of the external acoustic signal on the EAP, it continues to oscillate, emitting acoustic signals into the external environment with a frequency close to the resonant frequency of the oscillatory circuit.

This effect is a sign of the presence of an electroacoustic transducer, and therefore a sign that reveals the presence of hydroacoustic equipment. The duration of the reflected signal ("dial") increases by the value of the time constant of the electroacoustic transducer. The principle of operation of this phenomenon is used in the work [2] to detect small-sized weakly reflective objects equipped with hydroacoustic equipment.

A known KPP [3] is also characterized by the manifestation of a telltale sign: when an external signal acts on the EAP, a "dial-up" signal is formed. In addition, the known KPP has a low transmission coefficient in the reception mode due to the capacitor and inductance connected in series with the input resistance of the receiver, on the reactive resistances of which part of the useful signal is lost during reception.

The closest to the proposed device in technical essence, selected as a prototype, is a transmit-receive switch (utility model RU 40494, published 10.09.2004), containing a transmitter, the output of which is connected by means of a pair of diodes connected in antiparallel with the first terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, and a receiver, wherein the zero buses of the transmitter and receiver are connected to the other terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, while a key (optoelectronic relay) is introduced into it, the input of which is connected to the first terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, and the output to the input of the receiver.

The disadvantage of the known checkpoint is the presence of a telltale sign: when an external signal acts on the EAP, which is an oscillatory circuit, a “dial” signal is formed, in which the duration of the reflected signal exceeds the duration of the external signal, which is especially evident at the resonant frequency of the hydroacoustic transducer.

The objective of the invention is to create a high-secrecy transmit-receive switchboard devoid of the said drawback. The technical result of the proposed CPP is the absence of radiation and reception during a pause corresponding to the inactivity of hydroacoustic means, which prevents the impact of an external signal causing the formation of a "dial-up" signal.

The specified technical result is achieved by a transmit-receive switch containing a transmitter, an electroacoustic transducer and a receiver, the zero buses of the transmitter and receiver of which are connected to the zero terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, as well as a key in the form of an optoelectronic relay, in which, unlike the known device, the first output of the key is connected to the first terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, wherein the first input of the key in the hydroacoustic signal emission mode is connected to the output of the transmitter, in the "pause" mode the second output of the key is connected to the zero bus, and in the reception mode the third output of the key is connected to the input of the receiver.

The essence of the proposed device is shown in the drawing, where:

1 - transmitter;

2 - electroacoustic transducer;

3 - key;

4 - receiver;

5 - common buses of the receiver and transmitter.

The proposed gearbox operates in three modes: I - in transmission mode; II - in pause mode and III - in reception mode (the corresponding key positions are shown in the drawing).

In the transmission mode, from the transmitter output 1, the pulse signal is connected via terminal 1 of switch 3 to the first output of EAP 2.

In the receiving mode, receiver 4 is connected via terminal III of switch 3 to the first output of EAP 2.

In the pause mode, the first output of the electronic switch 2 is connected via the second output of the electronic switch 3 to the zero 5 bus, while the second output of the electronic switch 2 is connected to the zero 5 bus, which is connected to the second terminals of the transmitter 1 and receiver 4.

In the transmission mode, transmitter 1 sends a signal through the first input of key 3 to the first terminal of EAP 2, while receiver 4 remains unconnected to EAP and, moreover, is not connected to the environment.

In the receiving mode, receiver 4 is connected to EAP 2 via a closed circuit, which includes the third output with the first input of key 2, while transmitter 1 is not connected to EAP 2 and, moreover, to the environment.

In pause mode, EAP 2 is connected to neutral bus 5 by two terminals.

The electrical signals at the output of the EAP (terminal 1) are minimal, and the reflected signal is also characterized by a minimal re-reflection effect.

As noted above, the hydroacoustic antenna with the receiver and transmitter form an oscillatory circuit, the impact of external signals on which can lead to the "dialing" effect. The use of such an impact by a hypothetical enemy allows one to determine the resonant frequency and/or the fact of the presence of the hydroacoustic system antenna in the studied space. Since in known devices the hydroacoustic transducer contacts the environment, it, as a reversible antenna, also forms a signal from the external acoustic field, which is an interference for the receiver and transmitter.

In the proposed checkpoint, grounding the antenna with a zero bus prevents the enemy from detecting these unmasking features. This result is achieved by grounding the antenna during periods requiring increased secrecy, and in the maintenance mode, during a pause in the use of hydroacoustic means, disconnecting the receiver and transmitter from external signals allows for more precise adjustment of their required parameters. Known checkpoints do not have this function.

The proposed device may use elements of known designs; an optoelectronic relay may be used as a key, for example, the KR 293 KP 3 B or 5P14.3B brands of JSC Proton-Optoelectronics described in the prototype.

List of references:

1. Khrebtov A.A. et al. Ship echo sounders. Leningrad, Sudostroenie, 1982. p. 31, fig. 1.26.

2. Pavlikov S.N. Method for classifying an anchor mine equipped with hydroacoustic equipment, patent RU No. 2039367, published 09.07.1995.

3. Kolchedantsev A.S. Hydroacoustic stations. Leningrad. Shipbuilding, 1982, pp. 69-73, Fig. 3.2, 3.3.

Claims (1)

A transmit-receive switch comprising a transmitter, an electroacoustic transducer and a receiver, the zero buses of the transmitter and receiver of which are connected to the zero terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, as well as a key made in the form of an optoelectronic relay, characterized in that the first output of the key is connected to the first terminal of the electroacoustic transducer, wherein the first input of the key in the hydroacoustic signal emission mode is connected to the output of the transmitter, in the "pause" mode the second output of the key is connected to the zero bus, and in the reception mode the third output of the key is connected to the input of the receiver.

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