RU2826960C1 - Method of dismantling reinforced concrete slab of structure using scissor lift and load handling elements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of dismantling horizontal reinforced concrete floor slabs. In the method of dismantling a reinforced concrete slab of a structure, the boundaries of the slab to be dismantled are first marked. Using a scissor lift installed under the dismantled reinforced concrete slab, the slab is lifted by several centimetres to make sure that it is not pinched. Scissor lifter is loaded, and from above the grouted joints and seams of the dismantled plate are destroyed. Then the slab is lifted above the floor level to height of 20–30 cm. Such height is sufficient to perform strapping of the dismantled plate by the “noose” method. Slinging is performed to lifting equipment, for example, crane, and reinforced concrete slab is moved outside the structure.

EFFECT: providing removal of plates without their destruction.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for dismantling reinforced concrete floor slabs using special-purpose lifting devices and load-gripping elements as the main mechanisms, adapted for use with crane mechanisms for lifting, lowering or moving loads.

Known is the "Method for dismantling and installing roof slabs and a device for implementing it" (RU Patent No. 2107131 C1, published on 20.03.1996), in which the device contains a rigid frame with a load beam, inside which a traction axle with rigidly fixed brackets on which blocks are installed moves horizontally along the stiffeners. Two lever winches equipped with cables and hooks are installed at both ends of the load beam. By grasping the mounting loops of the slabs with cables and hooks, they are moved (dismantled or installed).

The disadvantage of this method is that dismantling is only carried out if the reinforced concrete slabs have mounting loops. In multi-story buildings, mounting loops are usually hidden under a layer of concrete, since the top of the floor slabs is usually the floor of the floor or roof above and is filled with screed. Finding and restoring mounting loops is a labor-intensive process.

There is a known patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2662478 C1 (published on 26.07.2018, Bulletin No. 21) "Method for dismantling a reinforced concrete slab of a structure and a lifting device with an eccentric for its implementation" in which the slabs of the structure are first marked out for dismantling the horizontal reinforced concrete slab of the structure. After which the calculated number of through symmetrical holes are drilled in it. Then lifting devices with an eccentric are inserted into these holes. After which the lifting devices with an eccentric are fixed in the body of the slab. After this, slinging loops are installed on each lifting device with an eccentric. Next, lifting cables are inserted into the slinging loops and pulled tight. Then this section is cut out. After which the cut out section is lifted and removed. The disadvantage of this method is the need to perform calculations to determine the number of through symmetrical holes, as well as partial destruction of the slabs due to drilling through holes. The presence of through holes reduces the cost of the slab when it is sold as a used building material.

The objective of the invention is to extract reinforced concrete floor and roof slabs during dismantling of building structures in a manner that does not cause partial destruction of the slabs and in the absence (or damage or monolithing) of assembly loops.

The task is solved by the fact that in the proposed method of dismantling a reinforced concrete slab, the boundaries of the horizontal reinforced concrete slab of the structure to be dismantled are first marked. Then a scissor lift is installed under the slab to be dismantled (Fig. 1). The scissor lift must be able to support the entire weight of the slab to be dismantled. The scissor lift is loaded. The slab to be dismantled is cut out along the perimeter with a hand tool. This destroys the monolithic joints and seams. After this, the slab is lifted with a scissor lift at the lowest speed by several centimeters to make sure that it is not pinched, and pushed out to a height sufficient for strapping the reinforced concrete slab using the "noose" method. To prevent mutual damage to the strapping and the slab to be dismantled, it is necessary to use spacers (bars, rubber, boards). The strapping is performed using two double-loop (SKP) or ring (SKK) slings. The slinging of the slabs is performed, for example, using a four-branch sling to lifting equipment, for example, a crane (Fig. 2). The dismantled reinforced concrete slab is moved outside the structure.

The use of the claimed method allows dismantling reinforced concrete slabs:

- without partial destruction of the latter, which increases their market value as secondary raw materials;

- without access to mounting loops;

- use standard mechanisms: hand tools, scissor lift, overhead crane.

Claims (1)

A method for dismantling a reinforced concrete floor slab of a structure, in which the reinforced concrete slab to be dismantled is marked and cut along the perimeter using a hand tool, characterized in that a scissor lift is installed under the slab to be dismantled, which lifts the latter above the floor level to a height sufficient to ensure that the slab to be dismantled is tied down using the “noose” method, with subsequent slinging to lifting equipment and movement beyond the structure.