RU2826417C1 - Safety system for lifting and lowering person, comprising rigid anchor line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: life-saving.

SUBSTANCE: safety system is designed to ensure safety (continuity of protection to prevent the fall of an employee in case of accidental failure) and convenience of lifting maintenance or operating personnel on quarry or crane equipment, cellular communication supports, as well as on metal and reinforced concrete supports of overhead power transmission lines and portals of open distribution devices of substations, as well as other structures, equipment, buildings and structures, maintenance and repair of which is carried out at height. Rigid anchor lines are provided for installation in vertical position and/or for installation in combination of forward inclination and/or lateral deviation of up to 15° from absolute vertical. Result is achieved when implementing the claimed safety system for lifting and lowering a person, comprising a rigid anchor line and a means of individual protection of a slider type, consisting of a carriage connected by means of a damper sling to a carabiner, wherein the rigid anchor line is formed from C-shaped safety guides, C-shaped safety guides made with welded brackets for installation of detachable steps, or with welded double steps, or C-shaped safety guides with welded single steps, or C-shaped safety guides bent at obtuse angle, or their combinations. Each of the above safety guides contains rectangular holes for fastening of the guide alternating along its length and hemispherical hooks for blocking of the carriage at failure of a person. Each guide in the lower and upper parts contains chamfers, which are necessary for unobstructed passage of the carriage after connection of guides to each other and fixation of this connection with plates. To prevent spontaneous disconnection of the safety device from the C-shaped guide from below at the beginning of the safety system there is a stopper with a deflecting tab, and from above, at the end of the safety system, a blind stopper is provided. For attachment of safety guides to elements, which is a rolling angle, a curved bracket is used, comprising an oval hole for an L-shaped pin, on the ends of which grips are attached by means of bolts, and a round hole for attachment of a C-shaped safety guide; for attachment to supports with a round section, a bracket is used, made in the form of a rolling angle with two holes along the edges, into which bolts securing the clamp are installed; for attachment to stairs, a U-shaped bracket is used, the edges of the longitudinal flanges of which are made with hemispherical recesses for the stair step, and two holes for fixing the guide; for attachment to polyhedral supports, an L-shaped bent bracket is used, in the flange of which there is a longitudinal hole, in the base there is a round hole, at the same time the base is made with side flanges bent at an angle.

EFFECT: increased safety of service or operational personnel working at high-rise facilities, due to the presence on the guide of spherical hooks for blocking the carriage in case of failure of the worker and stoppers at the beginning and end of the rigid anchor line to prevent spontaneous disconnection of the safety device from the C-shaped guide.

7 cl, 12 dwg

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

The safety system is designed to ensure safety (continuity of insurance to prevent a worker from falling in the event of an accidental fall) and ease of ascent of service or operational personnel on quarry or crane equipment, cellular communication supports, as well as on metal and reinforced concrete supports of overhead power lines and portals of open distribution devices of substations, as well as other structures, equipment, buildings and structures, the maintenance and repair of which is performed at height. Rigid anchor lines are designed for installation in a vertical position and/or for installation in a combination of forward tilt and/or lateral deviation of up to 15° from the absolute vertical.

State of the art

The prior art discloses a fall protection device for servicing high-rise facilities, comprising a rigid anchor line, capable of being secured to the facility, formed from successively joined sections of metal profiles, rigidly connected by means of connecting pads (plates), and mounted on the anchor line with the ability to move and self-lock, a personal protective equipment of a slider type for connection to the user's safety belt. The device relates to means of ensuring occupational safety during servicing high-rise facilities, in particular supports of overhead power lines and facilities of other functional purposes, such as cellular masts, substation chimneys, radio antennas, scaffolding during the construction of buildings and other technical structures (see RU 214038 U1, published 11.10.2022).

From document RU 2765932 C1, 07.02.2022, a rigid anchor line is known for preventing a person from falling during ascent, descent, horizontal movement on high-rise structures, containing longitudinal-vertical and transverse guides that can be secured to a supporting high-rise structure, formed from composite sequentially connected profile sections with a fastening part and a working part formed by profile shelves, wherein the transverse guide is formed from profile sections with a U-shaped fastening part, and the shelves of its working part, located on both sides of the fastening part, are connected to each other by a stiffening rib.

From document RU 2782838 C1, 03.11.2022, a system for ensuring safety during the ascent/descent of a person to a height is known, comprising a T-shaped rigid anchor line located along the end support sections of power transmission line supports, with holes located on it along its entire length and a personal protective equipment of a slider type with an eccentric mechanism, wherein the T-shaped rigid anchor line consists of segments connected by their end sides using straight and/or curved connectors using bolted connections, wherein an upper end stop is located at the upper end of the T-shaped rigid anchor line, a lower end stop is located at the lower end of the T-shaped rigid anchor line, and the T-shaped rigid anchor line is attached to the end support sections of the power transmission line supports using large and small mounting brackets, wherein the lower end stop contains a disk, a housing with an opening in which a rod is located and a spring, and a nut, and the upper end stop is made in the form of a bent rod inserted into the hole of the T-shaped rigid anchor line, covering the part of the T-shaped rigid anchor line along which the personal protective equipment of the slider type moves, and is fixed with a nut and a lock nut, in addition, the small fastening bracket is two symmetrical curved plates, at one end of which there is an opening for a bolted connection fixing the segments of the T-shaped rigid anchor line, and at the other end there is a bend and an opening at the bend for the center of the bent stud, which is attracted and fixed on the end support sections of the transmission line supports using clamps and nuts, and the large fastening bracket is two symmetrical curved plates, at one end of which there is an opening for a bolted connection fixing the segments of the T-shaped rigid anchor line, and at the other end there is a bend and an opening at the bend for the center of the bent studs which are pulled and fixed onto the end support sections of the transmission line supports using clamps and nuts, wherein the curved plates of the large mounting brackets are longer than the small mounting brackets and in the area of the bend they additionally have openings for a fixing bolt connection designed for maximum pressing of the bends against the end support sections of the transmission line supports, ensuring a reliable, motionless connection.

The closest analogue is a device for preventing a person from falling when ascending and descending onto supports of overhead power transmission lines and portals of open distribution devices of electric power stations and substations, which consists of a rigid anchor line formed from composite safety guides connected in series, and a slider-type safety device moving along it, secured via a shock absorber, a sling or directly with a carabiner to a safety harness put on a person and locked on the rigid anchor line when a person falls. The lower part 1 of the rigid anchor line is equipped with loops (bushings), into which cantilever steps are installed and removed when ascending and descending. The rigid anchor line on support 4 with bends 5, 6, waist corners 9 is made of safety guides 7, 10 in the form of a bend or wave, respectively. The application also presents technical solutions implemented in accordance with independent claims 5 and 8 of the invention formula, the design features of which are disclosed in the description and in the drawings, Figs. 5-16. The proposed device for preventing a person from falling when climbing and descending onto overhead power line supports and portals of open switchgear of power plants and substations is a universal device in its functional purpose, since it provides effective, reliable and trouble-free protection of a person from falling when working at high-rise facilities (RU 2735137 C1, 10/28/2020).

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is that to bypass existing fractures at different heights and angles, as well as protruding at different heights and distances, structural elements (belt corners, welded corners, flanges, etc.) are used "wave" sections with angles of deviation from the absolute vertical of more than 15°, as well as backward deviation angles, prohibited by regulatory documents of the Russian Federation in terms of labor protection when working at height, reducing reliability and having a risk of loss of health and life of the worker.

In addition, the disadvantages of the closest analogue are the presence of the possibility of a person falling when reaching the end of the rigid anchor line both at the top and at the bottom, as well as the complex installation of the rigid anchor line on the support with step bolts.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the identified deficiencies in the closest analogue.

The technical result consists in increasing the safety of maintenance or operating personnel working at high-altitude facilities, due to the presence of hemispherical hooks on the guide for blocking the carriage in the event of a worker falling and stoppers (latches) at the beginning and end of the rigid anchor line to prevent spontaneous disconnection of the safety device from the C-shaped guide.

The technical result is achieved by implementing the claimed safety system for lifting and lowering a person, containing a rigid anchor line and a personal protective equipment of a slider type, consisting of a carriage connected by means of a damper sling with a carabiner, wherein the rigid anchor line is formed from straight C-shaped safety guides, or C-shaped safety guides with welded brackets for installing removable steps, or C-shaped safety guides with welded double steps, or with welded single steps, or C-shaped safety guides bent at an obtuse angle, or a combination thereof, and each of the listed C-shaped safety guides contains alternating rectangular holes along its entire length for fastening the guide and hemispherical hooks for blocking the carriage in the event of a person falling, wherein each of the said guides in the lower and upper parts contains bevels that are necessary for the unimpeded passage of the carriage, after connecting the guides to each other and fixing this connection plates, and in order to prevent spontaneous disconnection of the safety device from the C-shaped guide, a stopper (lower latch) with a deflecting tongue is provided at the bottom at the beginning of the safety system, and a blind stopper (upper latch) is provided at the top at the end of the safety system, while the rigid anchor line for fastening the safety guides is equipped with brackets, namely, for fastening to elements that are a rolled angle, a curved bracket is used, containing an oval hole for an L-shaped stud, to the ends of which grips are attached by means of nuts, and a round hole for fastening the C-shaped safety guide; for fastening to supports with a round cross-section, a bracket made in the form of a rolled angle with two holes along the edges, into which bolts are installed that secure the clamp, is used; for fastening to stairs, a U-shaped bracket is used, the edges of the longitudinal shelves of which are made with hemispherical recesses for the step of the stairs, and two holes for fastening the C-shaped straight guide by means of bolts to the step of the stairs; For fastening to multi-faceted supports, a curved L-shaped bracket is used, in the shelf of which a longitudinal hole is made for fastening a C-shaped safety guide, in the base there is a round hole for fastening to a part of a multi-faceted support, while the base is made with side shelves bent at an angle.

In the particular case of the implementation of the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, the hemispherical hooks for blocking the carriage are made with a bend from the longitudinal axis of the profile by 8-13 mm and a radius of 22-28 mm.

In the particular case of the implementation of the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, rectangular holes for the guide fastenings are located along the entire length with a step of 80-140 mm, alternately with hemispherical hooks located with a step of 120 mm, while the rectangular holes do not intersect with the hemispherical hooks.

In the particular case of the implementation of the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, the bending angle of the C-shaped safety guides bent at an obtuse angle is made external or internal.

In the particular case of the implementation of the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, the stopper with a deflecting tongue is made spring-loaded.

In the particular case of the implementation of the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, the fastening bracket to the elements, which are a rolling angle, contains in its lower part an element made in the form of an angle for its maximum pressing.

In the particular case of the implementation of the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, the mounting bracket to the round supports contains a bar with a hole for attaching the guide, and on the opposite side, stop corners for maximum pressing it against the support.

Brief description of the drawings

The declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person is explained by the presented drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a C-shaped safety guide with welded brackets for installing removable steps, Fig. 2 shows a C-shaped safety guide from above, where:

1 - C-shaped safety guide

2 - removable step bracket

3 - rectangular holes

4 - hemispherical hooks.

Fig. 3 shows a C-shaped safety guide with welded double steps, where:

5 - C-shaped safety guide

6 - welded stage

7 - end of the step

8 - rectangular holes

9 - hemispherical hooks.

Fig. 4 shows a C-shaped safety guide with single welded steps, where:

10 - C-shaped safety guide

11 - welded stage

12 - end of the step

13 - rectangular holes

14 - hemispherical hooks.

Fig. 5 shows a bracket for attaching safety guides to elements that represent a rolled angle, where:

15 - curved bracket

16 - L-shaped stud

17 - Captures

18 - nut

19 - angle

Fig. 6 shows a bracket for fastening to supports with a circular cross-section, where:

20 - bracket in the form of a rolled angle

21 - clamp

22 - holes

23 - bolt

24 - stop corners

25 - bar

Fig. 7 shows a bracket for fastening to stairs, where:

26 - longitudinal shelves of the bracket

27 - hemispherical recesses

28 - hole.

Fig. 8 shows a safety guide attached with a bracket to a step of a ladder, where:

29 - C-shaped safety guide

30 - step of the stairs

31 - bracket

32 - bolt.

Fig. 9 shows a bracket for mounting to multi-faceted supports, where:

33 - shelf

34 - longitudinal hole

35 - round hole

36 - side shelves.

Fig. 10 shows a C-shaped safety guide with a stopper with a deflecting tongue, where:

37 - C-shaped safety guide

38 - spring stopper with a retractable tongue.

Fig. 11 shows a C-shaped safety guide with bevels, where:

39 - C-shaped safety guide (straight)

40 - bevels.

Fig. 12 shows C-shaped safety guides connected by a plate, where:

41 - C-shaped safety guides

42 - connecting plate.

Implementation of the invention

The safety system for lifting and lowering a person consists of: a rigid anchor line formed from C-shaped safety guides and a means of protection against falls from a height of a sliding type, consisting of a carriage connected by means of a damper sling to a carabiner.

A rigid anchor line (hereinafter referred to as RAL) consists of C-shaped safety guides, and the guides are available in four versions:

• C-shaped straight safety guide (Fig. 11).

• C-shaped safety guide with welded brackets for removable steps (Fig. 1).

• C-shaped safety guide with welded double steps (Fig. 3).

• C-shaped safety guide with welded single steps (Fig. 4).

• A C-shaped safety guide bent at an obtuse angle, where the angle can be either external (convex) or internal (concave).

Depending on the object on which the safety system is mounted, the ZHAL is selected from the above options or a combination of them.

In case of installation of a safety system for lifting and lowering a person onto a rack of a lattice support of an overhead power transmission line having a cable rack, C-shaped safety guides 1 with welded brackets 2 for removable steps (Fig. 1) are installed in its lower part, straight C-shaped safety guides (Fig. 11) are installed in the middle part of the support, and C-shaped safety guides 10 with welded double steps of a ladder type (Fig. 3) are installed in the upper part of the support. When passing from the lower part of the lattice support of an overhead power transmission line to its middle part, a C-shaped safety guide with an internal angle bent at an obtuse angle is used, and when passing from the middle part of the lattice support of an overhead power transmission line to the upper part, a C-shaped safety guide with an external angle bent at an obtuse angle is used.

To attach the C-shaped safety guides to the support waist angle, a curved bracket is used (Fig. 5), the lower part of which contains an element in the form of an angle 19, which ensures its maximum pressing to the support waist, which is a rolled angle. The bracket is made with two holes, one oval, into which the L-shaped pin 16 is inserted, and the second round, made in the upper part of the bracket bent at an angle of 90°, for attaching the C-shaped safety guide. The oval hole ensures the mobility of the L-shaped pin during installation for better fixation on the rolled angle. At the ends of the L-shaped pin 16, grips 17 are attached, which are necessary for hooking onto the edges of the (waist) rolled angle. Grips 17 are fixed on the pin 16 by means of nuts 18 screwed onto the thread of the pin 16.

In the case of installation of a safety system for lifting and lowering a person onto a rack of a lattice support of an overhead power transmission line that does not have a cable rack, C-shaped safety guides 1 with welded brackets 2 for removable steps (Fig. 1) are installed in its lower part, and C-shaped straight safety guides without steps are installed in the middle and upper parts of the support (Fig. 11).

In case of installation of a safety system for lifting and lowering a person onto supports having conical concrete pillars (supports of type PB), in its lower part (up to 3 meters) C-shaped safety guides 1 with welded brackets 2 for removable steps (Fig. 1) are installed to prevent a person who is not an employee or service personnel from climbing onto the support, then in the lower part (more than 3 meters) and middle parts C-shaped safety guides 10 with welded single steps 11 (Fig. 4) are attached, and in the upper part of the support C-shaped safety guides 5 (Fig. 3) with welded double steps 6 (ladder type) are installed.

Moreover, double and single steps are made with ends of 7, 12 respectively, which prevents the worker’s foot from slipping when climbing.

To attach the C-shaped safety guides to the support, a bracket 20 with a clamp 21 (Fig. 6) is used, which is adjusted by means of bolts 23. The bolts are installed in the oval holes 22 of the bracket 20. To press the bracket 20 as much as possible to the support, stop corners 24 are welded to its rear side. On the outside, the bracket contains a bar 25 with a hole for attaching the C-shaped safety guide.

In the case of mounting a safety system for lifting and lowering a person onto stairs, a U-shaped bracket 31 is used (Fig. 7-8), the edges of the longitudinal shelves 26 of which are made with hemispherical recesses 27 for the step 30 of the stairs, and two holes 28 for fastening a C-shaped straight safety guide by means of bolts 32 to the step of the stairs.

To attach the SNAL to multi-faceted supports, a curved L-shaped bracket is used (Fig. 9), in the shelf 33 of which a longitudinal opening 34 is made, in the base a round opening 35, while the base is made with side shelves 36 bent at an angle.

The L-shaped bracket is attached to a special embedded part of the multi-sided support by means of a bolted connection, which passes through the opening 35 and the opening of the embedded part of the multi-sided support in such a way that the side shelf 36 is located parallel to the earth's surface. Next, a safety system for lifting and lowering a person onto the supports is mounted to the longitudinal opening 34 by means of a bolted connection in such a way that in its lower part (up to 3 meters) C-shaped safety guides 1 with welded brackets 2 for removable steps (Fig. 1) are mounted to prevent a person who is not an employee or service personnel from climbing onto the support, then in the lower part (more than 3 meters) and in the middle parts C-shaped safety guides 10 with welded single steps 11 are attached, and in the upper part of the support C-shaped safety guides 5 with welded double steps 6 are mounted.

On the C-shaped safety guides along the entire length, rectangular openings 3, 8, 13 are made for fastening the guide, alternately alternating (in a checkerboard pattern) with hemispherical hooks 4, 9, 14. In this case, the step between rectangular openings 3, 8, 13 is 80-140 mm. In special cases of implementation, rectangular openings 3, 8, 13 on the C-shaped safety guide can be located with different steps depending on the characteristics of the object on which the guides are mounted. The step between the hemispherical openings is 120 mm. The step of rectangular openings 3, 8, 13 is calculated taking into account the exclusion of their intersection with hemispherical hooks 4, 9, 14.

The hemispherical hooks are made with a bend from the profile axis of 8-12 mm, and a radius of 22-28 mm, which are necessary to block the carriage in the event of a worker falling, due to the engagement of the carriage stopper with punched holes and semicircular tongues.

In this case, if the radius of the hemispherical hook 4, 9, 14 is greater than 28 mm, then the metal at the place of hook formation will be destroyed/torn, which in turn will lead to a loss of rigidity of the guide; if the radius is less than 22 mm, then the contact area of the tongue of the carriage stopper will be smaller, which will lead to poor engagement or slippage of the tongue of the stopper. Hemispherical hooks 4, 9, 14 are formed as follows: first, a cut is made in the guide using a laser, then a hemispherical hook is formed by extrusion.

Rectangular openings 3, 8, 13 are intended for fastening C-shaped safety guides to ladders, for climbing onto crane equipment, quarry equipment, cellular towers, as well as for climbing onto metal and reinforced concrete supports of overhead power lines, portals of open distribution devices of substations, as well as other structures, equipment, buildings and facilities, the maintenance and repair of which is performed at height.

To prevent spontaneous disconnection of the safety device from the C-shaped safety guide 37, a stopper 38 with a deflecting tongue is provided at the bottom, at the beginning of the safety system (Fig. 10). In special cases, for example, when the guide is mounted close to the ground, the stopper 38 with a deflecting tongue is made spring-loaded.

In order to prevent the safety device from exiting the C-shaped safety guide from above, a “blind” stopper is provided at the end of the safety system (not shown in the drawings).

To connect the C-shaped safety guides 41 together, a connecting plate 42 is used (Fig. 12).

In this case, in the lower and upper parts, the C-shaped safety guides 41 contain bevels 40, which are necessary for the unimpeded passage of the carriage, after connecting the C-shaped safety guides 41 to each other and fixing this connection with plates 42 (Fig. 12) during installation on the surface of the object being installed. Bevels 40 are made on all variants disclosed in the present invention, of making the C-shaped safety guides: straight, with welded brackets for installing removable steps, with welded double steps, or with welded single steps, or bent at an obtuse angle.

The declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, containing a rigid anchor line, is universal, since the design of the C-shaped safety guides and brackets for their fastening provide the possibility of mounting the system on quarry or crane equipment, cellular communication supports, as well as on metal and reinforced concrete supports of overhead power lines and portals of open distribution devices of substations, as well as other structures, equipment, buildings and structures, the maintenance and repair of which is performed at height.

At the same time, the declared safety system for lifting and lowering a person, containing a rigid anchor line, ensures increased safety for maintenance or operating personnel working at high-altitude facilities.

Claims (7)

1. A safety system for lifting and lowering a person, comprising a rigid anchor line and a personal protective equipment of a slider type, consisting of a carriage connected by means of a damper sling to a carabiner, wherein the rigid anchor line is formed from straight C-shaped safety guides, or C-shaped safety guides with welded brackets for installing removable steps, or C-shaped safety guides with welded double steps, or with welded single steps, or C-shaped safety guides bent at an obtuse angle, or a combination thereof, and each C-shaped safety guide contains alternating rectangular holes along its entire length for fastening the guide and hemispherical hooks for blocking the carriage in the event of a person falling, wherein each of the said guides in the lower and upper parts contains bevels that are necessary for the unimpeded passage of the carriage, after connecting the guides to each other and fixing this connection with plates, and to prevent spontaneous disconnection of the safety device from the C-shaped guide, a stopper with a deflecting tongue is provided at the bottom at the beginning of the safety system, and a blind stopper is provided at the top at the end of the safety system, while the rigid anchor line for fastening the safety guides is provided with brackets, namely, for fastening to elements that are a rolled angle, a curved bracket is used, containing an oval hole for an L-shaped stud, at the ends of which grips are attached by means of nuts, and a round hole for fastening the C-shaped safety guide; for fastening to supports with a round cross-section, a bracket made in the form of a rolled angle with two holes at the edges, into which bolts are installed, fastening the clamp; for fastening to stairs, a U-shaped bracket is used, the edges of the longitudinal shelves of which are made with hemispherical recesses for the step of the stairs, and two holes for fastening the C-shaped straight guide by means of bolts to the step of the stairs; For fastening to multi-faceted supports, a curved L-shaped bracket is used, in the shelf of which a longitudinal hole is made for fastening a C-shaped safety guide, in the base there is a round hole for fastening to a part of a multi-faceted support, while the base is made with side shelves bent at an angle. 2. A safety system according to item 1, characterized in that the hemispherical hooks for locking the carriage are made with a bend from the longitudinal axis of the profile by 8-13 mm and a radius of 22-28 mm. 3. A safety system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that rectangular holes for fastening the guide are located along the entire length with a pitch of 80-140 mm, alternately with hemispherical hooks located with a pitch of 120 mm, while the rectangular holes do not intersect with the hemispherical hooks. 4. A safety system according to item 1, characterized in that the bending angle of the C-shaped safety guides bent at an obtuse angle is made external or internal. 5. A safety system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the stopper with a deflecting tongue is made spring-loaded. 6. A safety system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the fastening bracket to the elements representing a rolled angle contains in its lower part an element made in the form of an angle for maximum pressure. 7. A safety system according to item 1, characterized in that the fastening bracket to the round supports contains a bar with an opening for fastening the guide, and on the opposite side, stop corners for maximum pressing against the support.