RU2823553C1 - Ion exchange unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: various technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for ion exchange processes. Described is an ion-exchange apparatus with a conical housing made with an upward converging section, in the lower part of which there are two perforated grids, between which there is a layer of particles of inert material, and a conical bottom with a pipe for discharge of purified water from the apparatus. Upper part of the housing has a conical cover, a water distribution grid, a nozzle for inlet of initial water and an overflow pipe with a shutoff device, to which an apparatus for regeneration and washing of ionite, made of cylindrical shape, is connected, in the upper part of which there is a drainage-distributing device, an elliptical cover with a nozzle for inlet of the regeneration solution and flushing water into the apparatus, and in its lower part there is a conical drainage-distributing device, a conical bottom with nozzles for discharge of the spent regeneration solution and used flushing water from the apparatus.

EFFECT: ion exchange process in suspended layer of ionite and reduction of regeneration solution consumption.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for carrying out ion exchange processes.

An ion exchange installation is known, containing an ion exchange filter, a free-flow column and pipes connecting these devices; inside the ion exchange filter, upper and lower drainage and distribution devices are installed, located at the sorption stage from top to bottom, a layer of particles of inert material with a density less than the density of the water being purified, a layer particles of ion exchanger with a density greater than the density of the water being purified, and a layer of fluidized ion exchanger, located at the regeneration stage from top to bottom, a layer of particles of inert material, free volume and a layer of particles of ion exchanger, located at the stages of washing and loosening from top to bottom, a layer of particles of inert material, free volume , larger in size than at the regeneration stage, and a layer of ion exchange resin particles, part of which is moved through a pipe into a free-flow column and is in a fluidized state [Ryabchikov B.E. Modern methods of water preparation for industrial and domestic use. M.: DeLi print, 2004. P. 125-127].

The disadvantage of the known ion exchange installation is that in the ion exchange filter it is impossible to carry out the process in a suspended layer of ion exchanger with a density lower than the density of the water being purified, for example, with cellulose-based ion exchangers (modified sawdust, cotton cellulose, etc.), since the particles of the ion exchanger float to the top of the apparatus, forming a stationary dense layer.

The closest in technical essence, that is, the prototype, is an ion exchange apparatus with a suspended layer of ion exchanger, the body of which is made of a conical shape with a cross section expanding upward, while the ion exchange apparatus contains redistribution grids, a distribution plate, a distribution device, fittings for input of source water, output of purified water water and unloading of the ion exchanger [Ion exchangers in chemical technology / Ed. B.P. Nikolsky and P.G. Romankova. - L.: Chemistry, 1982. - p. 259].

The disadvantage of the prototype is that in an ion exchange apparatus it is impossible to carry out the process in a suspended layer of ion exchanger with a density lower than the density of the water being purified, for example, with cellulose-based ion exchangers (modified sawdust, cotton cellulose, etc.), since the ion exchanger particles float up apparatus, forming a stationary dense layer, and also at the stage of regeneration of the ion exchanger, there is an increased consumption of the regeneration solution, since it occupies the free volume between the particles of the ion exchanger and the volume inside the apparatus not filled with the ion exchanger.

The technical result of the invention is the ability to carry out the ion exchange process in a suspended layer of an ion exchanger with a density lower than the density of the water being purified, for example, with cellulose-based ion exchangers (modified sawdust, cotton cellulose, etc.), and to reduce the consumption of the regeneration solution.

This result is achieved by the fact that in an ion exchange installation containing an ion exchange apparatus for water purification with a suspended layer of ion exchanger, the body of which is made of a conical shape, a fitting for input of source water and output of purified water according to the invention, the conical body of the ion exchange apparatus for water purification is made with a section tapering upward , in the lower part of which there are two perforated grids, between which there is a layer of particles of inert material, and a conical bottom with a pipe for removing purified water from the apparatus, and in its upper part there is a conical cover, a water distribution grid, a fitting for introducing source water and an overflow pipe with a shut-off device to which is attached a cylindrical apparatus for regenerating and washing the ion exchanger, in the upper part of which there is a drainage and distribution device, an elliptical cover with a fitting for introducing regeneration solution and washing water into the apparatus, and in its lower part there is a conical drainage distribution device, conical bottom with fittings for removing spent regeneration solution and waste wash water from the apparatus.

The technical result is achieved by creating a suspended layer of ion exchanger in an ion exchange apparatus for water purification and moving the ion exchanger using a pipe into the apparatus for regenerating and washing the ion exchanger.

In fig. Figure 1 shows the ion exchange installation in its initial state. In fig. Figure 2 shows an ion exchange installation for the water purification stage. In fig. Figure 3 shows an ion exchange installation for the stages of regeneration and washing of the ion exchanger.

The ion exchange installation (Fig. 1) consists of an ion exchange apparatus 1 for water purification with a conical body with a section tapering upward, in the lower part of which two perforated grids 2 and 3 are installed, between which there is a layer of particles of inert material 4, and a conical bottom 5 with a pipe 6 for outlet of purified water from the apparatus, and its upper part - a conical cover 7, a water distribution grid 8, a fitting 9 for introducing source water and a transfer pipe 10 with a shut-off device 11, to which is attached an apparatus 12 for regenerating and washing the ion exchanger, made of a cylindrical shape, in the upper part of which a drainage-distribution device 13, an elliptical cover 14 with a fitting 15 for introducing regeneration solution and wash water into the apparatus are installed, and in its lower part there is a conical drainage-distribution device 16, a conical bottom 17 with fittings 18 and 19 for removing the spent regeneration solution from the apparatus and waste rinse water.

In the initial state, in the upper part of the ion exchange apparatus 1 for water purification (Fig. 1), there is a stationary dense layer of ion exchanger 20, pressed against the water distribution grid 8. For the water purification stage, in the upper part of the ion exchange apparatus 1 (Fig. 2), under the water distribution grid 8 there is suspended layer of ion exchanger 21. For the stage of regeneration and washing of the ion exchanger, a stationary dense layer of ion exchanger 22 is located inside the apparatus 12 (Fig. 3).

The ion exchange unit operates as follows.

The full cycle of operation of an ion exchange installation consists of the following stages: 1) water purification; 2) regeneration of the ion exchanger; 3) washing the ion exchanger.

Before starting work, an ion exchanger with a density lower than the density of the water being purified is placed in the ion exchange apparatus 1 for water purification, and water is poured into the apparatus 1 through fitting 9. The ion exchanger floats up the apparatus 1, forming a stationary dense layer of ion exchanger particles 21 (Fig. 1). For the water purification stage, the source water enters apparatus 1 (Fig. 2) through fitting 9, sequentially passes through the water distribution grid 8, a suspended layer of ion exchanger particles 21, where it is purified from ions of the target component, a layer of inert material particles 4 located between the perforated grids 2 and 3, which retains the particles of the ion exchanger, and then the purified water is removed from apparatus 1 through tube 6. After the ionite is saturated with the target component, the shut-off device 11 is opened, tube 6 is closed, and the ionite-water suspension flows from apparatus 1 through the transfer pipe 10 to apparatus 12, where ion exchanger particles fill all free space, forming a stationary dense layer 22 (Fig. 3). The water entering apparatus 12 is removed from this apparatus through the drainage and distribution device 13 and fitting 15. After removing the ion exchanger from apparatus 1, the shut-off device 11 is closed. For the stage of regeneration of the ion exchanger, the regeneration solution enters apparatus 12 (Fig. 3) through fitting 15, passes through the drainage and distribution device 13, the stationary layer of ion exchanger particles 22, regenerates it, and the spent regeneration solution is removed from apparatus 12 using a conical drainage and distribution device 16 through fittings 18 and 19. For the stage of washing the ion exchanger from the remnants of the regeneration solution, the washing water enters apparatus 12 (Fig. 3) through the fitting 15, passes through the drainage-distribution device 13, the stationary layer of ion exchanger particles 22 in series, washes it from the remnants of the regeneration solution, and waste wash water is removed from the apparatus 12 using a conical drainage-distribution device 16 through fittings 18 and 19. After completing the ion exchanger washing stage, the shut-off device 11 is opened, fittings 18 and 19 are closed, and the ionite-water suspension flows through the shut-off device 11 through the transfer pipe 10 into apparatus 1, where the ion exchanger particles form a stationary dense layer 20 (Fig. 1), and water is removed from apparatus 1 through the water distribution grid 8 and fitting 9. After removing the ion exchanger from apparatus 12, the flow of flushing water through fitting 15 is stopped and shut-off device 11 is closed. Apparatus 1 takes its original position (Fig. 1). Then the cycle repeats.

The proposed ion exchange installation makes it possible to purify water in a suspended layer of ion exchanger, the density of which is less than the density of the water being purified, and to reduce the consumption of the regeneration solution, since it is located only in the free volume between the particles of the ion exchanger.

Claims (1)

An ion exchange installation containing an ion exchange apparatus for water purification with a suspended layer of ion exchanger, the body of which is made of a conical shape, fittings for the input of source water and the outlet of purified water, characterized in that the conical body of the ion exchange apparatus for water purification is made with a section tapering at the top, in the lower part of which two perforated grids are installed, between which there is a layer of particles of inert material, and a conical bottom with a pipe for removing purified water from the apparatus, and in its upper part there is a conical lid, a water distribution grid, a fitting for introducing source water and a transfer pipe with a shut-off device, to which is connected an apparatus for regenerating and washing the ion exchanger, made of a cylindrical shape, in the upper part of which there is a drainage and distribution device, an elliptical cover with a fitting for introducing regeneration solution and washing water into the apparatus, and in its lower part - a conical drainage and distribution device, conical bottom with fittings for removing spent regeneration solution and waste wash water from the apparatus.