RU2821252C1 - Grain harvester threshing-separating device lead-in part - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for use in threshing devices with rotating working elements located along the direction of threshing mass supply. Lead-in part of threshing-separating device of combine harvester comprises front beam 4, lead-in part 12 of rotor 6, the latter hinged on front beam 4 and made in the form of truncated cone, on small base of which, on the side of inclined chamber 1, a cross is fixed, and on the side surface there are brackets. At that, straps, turns, transporting ribs 11 are attached to the crosspiece and brackets by means of a bolt joint. Axis of rotation of the rotor is perpendicular to front beam 4. In the central part of transition section 5 there is casing 8, and in lead-in part 12 of rotor 6—intermediate turns, note here that casing 8 is arranged coaxially with rotor 6 lead-in section while transporting ribs are arranged on casing inner surface along helical line. Casing 8 is made of cylindrical shape and is rigidly attached to elements forming transition section 5. Transporting ribs 11 rigidly fixed on the cylindrical part of casing 8, are located at an angle α₁ to the axis of cylindrical casing 8 of transition section 5 and are directed towards the rotation of rotor 6. On the surface of the truncated cone of the rotor there are two blades formed by a strap, front and rear turns.

EFFECT: threshing-separating device lead-in part provides simplification of transition section design, reduction of its wear and, as a result, increase of combine harvester service life.

9 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to agricultural engineering and is intended for use in threshing apparatus with rotating working bodies located along the direction of supply of the threshed mass.

The transition section of the threshing-separating device is known [patent US 20050020328 A1, priority 07/21/2003], containing an internal surface in the shape of a truncated cone, tapering in the opposite direction - from the inclined chamber to the beginning of the threshing zone. The input end of the rotor has an oppositely oriented truncated cone shape. The rotor is designed to rotate around its longitudinal axis of symmetry, which coincides with the generatrix axis of the cone. The outer edges of the blades of the leading part of the rotor form a cone during rotation, repeating the shape of the transition section, with a uniform gap between the edges of the blades and the inner surface of the transition section.

The disadvantages of this design are the low efficiency of the threshing-separating device when feeding a layer of threshed mass from the end, which, with rapid rotation of the blades of the leading part of the rotor, leads to a decrease in the speed of mass selection and to its accumulation in the leading zone, clogging and stopping of the rotor, and, as a consequence, , to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester, as well as to the destruction of the ear and increased crushing of grain due to the high peripheral speed at the edges of the blades of the rotor lead-in part.

The transition section of the threshing-separating device of the TORUM combine harvester is known [website:

https://pp.rostselmash.com/ipp/jsp/main.jsp?k_lfdnr=&k_ver=&doAction=catalogAssy&image=-2&nodeId=child&k_vari=103175918&sig=C664B03BC7F2A26EC5D3632E5C838A04C1

8881535327357613F813525E7C14BE7C70575EA64BB674F467D2CF3490192D256F5490

CC76428E96DD8BCC1F6521CA (accessed March 24, 2023)], which includes an entry cone, a front beam fixed on the entry cone, and an entry part of the rotor hingedly mounted on the front beam. The transition section is made in the form of a truncated cone, which tapers in the opposite direction - from the inclined chamber to the beginning of the threshing zone. In the transition section, the lead-in part of the rotor rotates, the axis of rotation of which coincides with the generatrix axis of the cone. The outer edges of the rotor lead blades follow the shape of the transition section, with a uniform gap between the edges of the rotor lead blades and the inner surface of the transition section. Trays of complex geometric shapes are located on the left and right sides of the front part of the transition section. The left tray forms a deep pocket.

The disadvantages of this design are the low efficiency of the threshing-separating device when feeding a layer of threshed mass from the end, which, with rapid rotation of the blades of the leading part of the rotor, leads to a decrease in the speed of mass selection and its accumulation in the leading zone, clogging and stopping of the rotor, and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the productivity of the grain harvester, as well as to the destruction of the ear and increased crushing of grain due to the high peripheral speed of the blade edges of the rotor lead-in part; low design life due to the design features of the transition section, namely, the significant distance traveled by the technological mass along a helical path, which leads to wear of the forming elements; reduction in the speed of the threshed mass due to the complex geometric shape of the left and right trays, which leads to uneven movement of the threshed mass, a pulsating shock load, and, as a consequence, intense friction in the transition section.

The closest to the claimed invention is the transition section of the threshing-separating device of the John Deere S770 combine harvester [website:

https://partscatalos.deere.com/jdrc/navigation/pin/1z0S770ACKD115752/equipment/3001794/

level/3/snp/MTY4MTIwOTY6Q0hBUFRFUlsxMjQxOiNCVVNJTkVTU19SRUdJT04sMTY4

ODU5NzojQ0FUQUxPRywzMDAxNzk0OkVRVUlQTUVOVCwxNjcyOTExMTpDSEFQVEVSXQ (accessed March 25, 2023)], which includes a feeder body, a cylindrical thresher top cover, a front beam fixed to the feeder body and the thresher top cover, and a rotor entry part hinged to front beam and made in the form a truncated cone, on the small base of which, on the side of the inclined chamber, a crosspiece is fixed, and brackets are fixed on the side surface, while linings and turns are attached to the crosspiece and brackets using a bolted connection, forming three blades located evenly around the circumference on the surface of the truncated cone, the outer edges of which, when rotated, form a cylinder, and the rotor is installed coaxially with the upper cover of the thresher, and the axis of rotation of the rotor is perpendicular to the front beam, the feeder body is formed by a large number of parts that cover the entry part of the rotor in the lower part, forming the lower contour of the transition section, with Trays are located on the left and right sides of the front part of the transition section, and transporting ribs are located on the inner surface on the side elements of the feeder body and on the top cover of the thresher. The blade is formed by a cover plate and a pair of turns connected to each other through a bracket. When the rotor rotates, the layer of threshed mass is collected in several zones.

The disadvantages of this design are the complexity of the transition section design; high complexity of manufacturing the transition section due to the large number of parts that, during welding or assembly, must be correctly oriented relative to each other and sequentially welded or screwed to each other, which leads to increased requirements for personnel; low efficiency of the threshing separating device when feeding a layer of threshed mass from the end, which, with rapid rotation of the blades of the rotor lead-in part, leads to a decrease in the speed of mass selection and its accumulation in the lead-in zone, clogging and stopping of the rotor, and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester , as well as to ear destruction and increased grain crushing due to high peripheral speed at the edges of the rotor lead-in blades; low design life due to the design features of the transition section, namely, the feeder housing, which has elements on the left and right sides that are subject to constant wear and require replacement of parts, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester and a reduction in the main working time.

The objectives of the claimed invention are to increase the productivity of the grain harvester, increase the main working time, reduce losses and crushing of grain, simplify the design of the transition section and reduce its wear and, as a result, increase the service life of the grain harvester.

To achieve the specified technical result, the inventive entrance part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester contains a front beam, an entrance part of the rotor, hingedly mounted on the front beam and made in the form of a truncated cone, on the small base of which, on the side of the inclined chamber, a cross is fixed, and brackets are fixed on the side surface, while linings and turns and transporting ribs are attached to the crosspiece and brackets using a bolted connection, while the axis of rotation of the rotor is perpendicular to the front beam, a casing installed in the central part of the transition section is inserted, intermediate turns are installed in the input parts of the rotor, while the casing is installed coaxially with the lead-in part of the rotor, and transporting ribs are placed on the inner surface of the casing along a helical line evenly along its length. The casing is made of a cylindrical shape and is rigidly attached to the elements forming the transition section. The transport ribs, rigidly fixed on the cylindrical part of the casing, are located at an angle α ₁ to the axis of the cylindrical casing of the transition section and are directed in the direction of rotation of the rotor. On the surface of the truncated cone of the rotor there are two blades formed by a cover, front and rear turns, while the rear turn is rigidly fixed on the surface of the truncated cone, and the front turn is removable and fixed with one end on the cross and the other end on the rear turn. The front and rear turns are made of different lengths, with the rear turns being shorter and making up ½ (one-half) of the length of the front turn. The intermediate turns are rigidly fixed on the surface of the truncated cone in its rear part, in the area of the exit from the transition section, and are located symmetrically between the rear turns, with the length of the intermediate turns being equal to the length of the rear turns. The outer edges of the linings and turns of the leading part of the rotor during rotation form a truncated cone with a small base on the side of the inclined chamber with an angle of inclination of the generatrix α ₂ in the range from 3 to 6 degrees, which is significantly less than the angle of inclination of the _generatrix of the truncated cone of the rotor - in the range of 13 up to 18 degrees.

On the left and right sides of the front part of the transition section there are trays connected to the cylindrical part of the casing and directing the flow of technological mass from the side of the inclined chamber into the inlet part of the rotor. The left and right trays are formed by guide walls located respectively at angles α ₄ , α ₅ , α ₆ and α ₇ , α ₈ , α ₉ to the axis of rotation of the rotor.

Thanks to these innovations, the design of the transition section is simplified by introducing a solid cylindrical casing into the design, reducing losses and crushing of grain, increasing the main time, and, as a result, increasing the productivity of the combine harvester, as well as reducing wear on the design of the transition section and, as a result, increasing service life of the combine harvester by reducing the pressure of the threshed mass.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings:

- fig. 1 - general view of the input part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester;

- fig. 2 - cross-section of the input part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester;

- fig. 3 - front view of the input part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester;

- fig. 4 - front view of the transition section of the lead-in part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester;

- fig. 5 - section A-A of the transition section of the entry part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester;

- fig. 6 - section B-B of the transition section of the entry part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester;

- fig. 7 - section B-B of the transition section of the input part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester.

The claimed invention contains the following structural elements (see Fig. 1-7): 1 - feeder housing, in which a chain-slat conveyor 2 and an accelerating beater 3 are installed; the entry part is formed by the front beam 4, the transition section 5 and the entry part 12 of the rotor 6. The support 18 of the rotor 6 is rigidly fixed on the front beam 4. A guide 7 is fixed in the front part of the transition section 5. The transition section 5 consists of a cylindrical casing 8, on the inside the surface of which is rigidly fixed with transporting ribs 11, and left 10, and right 9 trays. The transporting ribs 11 are installed along a helical line at an angle α ₁ to the axis of the cylindrical casing 8. The right tray 9 is formed by guide walls 25, 26, 27, which direct the threshed mass into the cylindrical casing 8 and are located relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor 6, respectively, at angles α ₇ , α ₈ , α ₉ . The left tray 10 is formed by guide walls 22, 23, 24, which direct the threshed mass into the cylindrical casing 8 and are located relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor 6, respectively, at angles α ₄ , α ₅ , α ₆ . The rotor 6 consists of an input part 12 and a threshing-separating part 20. The input part 12 consists of a housing 13 made in the form of a truncated cone, on the small base of which a cross 21 is fixed on the side of the inclined chamber, brackets 17 are placed on the side surface of the housing 13, the rear turn 16, intermediate turn 19. To the crosspiece 21, brackets 17 and rear turns 16, linings 14 and turns 15 are attached by means of a bolted connection. The outer edges of the lining 14, turns 15, 16 and 19 form, during rotation, a truncated cone with a small base on the side of the inclined chamber with the angle of inclination of the generatrix α ₂ in the range from 3 to 6 degrees, which is significantly less than the angle of inclination α ₃ of the generatrix of the cone of the housing 13 - in the range from 13 to 18 degrees. The rotor 6 is fixed in the support 18 with the possibility of rotation counterclockwise, when viewed from the front side of the combine, while the axis of the cylindrical casing 8 of the transition section 5 coincides with the axis of rotation of the rotor 6.

The inventive device operates as follows (see Fig. 1-7). The technological mass from the adapter enters the housing of the feeder chamber 1, is captured by the slats of the chain-slat conveyor 2, which moves the technological mass, aligning it with the width of the housing of the feeder chamber 1, forms a layer and increases the speed of its translational movement. When the technological mass moves, the slats of the chain-slat conveyor 2 feed its layer to the accelerating beater 3, which increases the speed of its forward movement. Accelerating beater 3 supplies a layer of technological mass to the inlet part of the threshing-separating device.

The mass is taken from the lower part of the transition section 5, limited by the front beam 4. In this case, four zones can be distinguished:

I - the main active factor moving the layer of threshed mass is the translational speed obtained from the accelerating beater 3, the right tray 9 of the transition section 5 has a passive effect with its guide walls 25, 26, 27, which direct the threshed mass to the linings 14 and the turns 15 of the entry parts 12 of rotor 6;

II - the result of the impact on the layer of the threshed mass is the summation of its translational motion, imparted by the accelerating beater 3, and the rotational movement, imparted by the linings 14 and turns 15 of the lead-in part 12 of the rotor 6. In this case, the layer of the threshed mass is kept from intensive twisting by the guide 7. The task of the guide 7 is prevent the formation of a layer of threshed mass rotating without movement in the direction of the threshing-separating part 20 of the rotor 6, which will lead to a decrease in transportation efficiency, shocks during operation and stopping of the rotor 6 due to clogging;

III - the result of the influence of the threshed mass on the layer is the summation of its translational motion, imparted by the accelerating beater 3, and the rotational motion, imparted by the linings 14 and turns 15 of the lead-in part 12 of the rotor 6.

IV - the main active factor moving the layer of threshed mass is the translational speed obtained from the accelerating beater 3, while the left tray 10 of the transition section 5 exerts a passive effect with its guide walls 22, 23, 24, twisting the mass upward and facilitating the work of the linings 14 and turns 15 of the lead-in part 12 of the rotor 6.

To use the translational energy of the layer of threshed mass in the transition zone from the accelerating beater 3 to the input part 12 of the rotor 6, the outer edges of the linings 14 and turns 15 form a truncated cone with a small base on the side of the inclined chamber. When the layer of threshed mass moves along the housing 13 of the input part of the rotor 12, it shifts to the periphery of turns 15 and 16, into the zone of maximum peripheral speeds, which accelerates the layer of threshed mass. During spiral movement, the layer of threshed mass moves along the inner surface of the transition section 5, while the transporting ribs 11, rigidly fixed along a helical line, twist it and move it towards the threshing-separating part 20 of the rotor 6. In the exit area from the transition section 5, the layer of threshed mass is divided into smaller flows by intermediate turns 19, while local compactions are broken.

The technical result consists in simplifying the design of the transition section, reducing wear on the design of the transition section and, as a consequence, increasing the service life of the combine harvester, as well as reducing ear destruction and grain crushing, increasing the main working time, and, as a consequence, increasing productivity of a combine harvester.

Claims (9)

1. The entry part of the threshing-separating device of a grain harvester, containing a front beam, an entry part of the rotor, hinged on the front beam and made in the form of a truncated cone, on the small base of which, on the side of the inclined chamber, a cross is fixed, and on the side surface there are brackets. , while linings and turns and transporting ribs are attached to the crosspiece and brackets using a bolted connection, while the axis of rotation of the rotor is perpendicular to the front beam, a casing installed in the central part of the transition section, intermediate turns installed in the lead-in part of the rotor are introduced, and the casing is installed coaxially with the lead-in part of the rotor, and transport ribs are placed on the inner surface of the casing along a helical line evenly along its length. 2. The input part according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is made of a cylindrical shape and is rigidly attached to the elements forming the transition section. 3. The input part according to claim 1, characterized in that the transporting ribs, rigidly fixed on the cylindrical part of the casing, are located at an angle α ₁ to the axis of the cylindrical casing of the transition section and are directed in the direction of rotation of the rotor. 4. The input part according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the truncated cone of the rotor there are two blades formed by a cover, front and rear turns, while the rear turn is rigidly fixed on the surface of the truncated cone, and the front turn is removable and fixed at one end on the crosspiece, and the other end - on the rear turn. 5. The input part according to claim 4, characterized in that the front and rear turns are made of different lengths, and the rear turns are made of shorter length and make up one-half of the length of the front turn. 6. The input part according to claim 4, characterized in that the intermediate turns are rigidly fixed on the surface of the truncated cone in its rear part, in the exit area from the transition section, and are located symmetrically between the rear turns, while the length of the intermediate turns is equal to the length of the rear turns. 7. The lead-in part according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer edges of the linings and turns of the lead-in part of the rotor during rotation form a truncated cone with a small base on the side of the inclined chamber with an angle of inclination of the generatrix α2 in the range from 3 to 6 degrees, which is significantly less than the angle α3 of the inclination of the generatrix of the truncated cone of the rotor is in the range from 13 to 18 degrees. 8. The input part according to claim 1, characterized in that on the left and right sides of the front part of the transition section there are trays connected to the cylindrical part of the casing and directing the flow of the technological mass from the side of the inclined chamber into the input part of the rotor. 9. The input part according to claim 8, characterized in that the left and right trays are formed by guide walls located respectively at angles α4, α5, α6 and α7, α8, α9 to the axis of rotation of the rotor.