RU2819531C2 - Complex of trampolines with artificial sliding surfaces and water landing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to sports facilities for safe training and jumping competitions in sports disciplines of freestyle, freeride, alpine skiing, snowboarding, ski jumping, skateboarding, roller skates and BMX, including in warm season. Complex contains at least one springboard with lubrication system of artificial sliding coating and a water body with a splashdown zone equipped with a water surface tension destruction system by air jets supplied from the bottom under pressure along the perimeter of the splashdown zone. Springboard comprises launching pad, acceleration slope, transit, and take-off table. Springboard is made with splashdown zone in water reservoir.

EFFECT: increased safety of sportsmen during trainings.

12 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to sports facilities for safe training and jumping competitions in the sports disciplines of freestyle, freeride, alpine skiing, snowboarding, ski jumping, skateboarding, roller skating and BMX, including in the warm season.

The following terms are used in the description.

BMX - from English. Bicycle MotoX is an abbreviation of the word Cross - bicycle motocross.

Starting area - a stationary starting place, the upper horizontal plane at the beginning of the acceleration slope route, where athletes wait for the command (signal) to perform a jump, carry out a pre-start check of the readiness of equipment, sports equipment or sports equipment to perform a jump. Equipped with: a starting gate, an artificial sliding surface, a fence, a place for the athlete to prepare, check and pre-start preparation of sports equipment, apparatus, equipment and equipment, a place to accommodate the starting judge and/or coach.

The adjustable starting point is located on an artificial sliding surface, down the acceleration slope from the launch pad, and has the technical ability to move along the acceleration slope, thereby adjusting the height and length of the acceleration, if necessary, ensuring a reduction in the speed of the athlete rolling out onto the take-off table of the springboard. Technically, the starting platform and the adjustable starting point ensure a stable position for the athlete before the start. From the launch pad or starting point on the acceleration slope, the athlete begins a controlled movement without stalling or sliding to the point of separation from the take-off table of the springboard.

Acceleration slope - a marked descent route from the start point to transit to the take-off table, which provides the necessary acceleration of the athlete to perform the flight phase of the jump, has technical characteristics: angle of inclination, length depending on the selected launch pad or starting place, direction, artificial sliding surface, which together provide the athlete with a certain body weight and equipment with the necessary acceleration to complete the task of the flight phase of the jump after lifting off from the take-off table.

Transit is a part of the route that provides a smooth rollout from the acceleration slope to the take-off table, additional control and, if necessary, adjustment of the athlete’s speed.

Take-off table (take-off table) is the final part of an artificial track in the form of a rise, which provides the direction and trajectory of the athlete in the flight phase of the jump after his take-off from the extreme point of the springboard, has technical characteristics: angle of rise, height from the transit plane to the top point of take-off, which will provide the athlete, depending on his training, body weight and equipment, with the necessary speed and direction, allowing him to perform a push into the flight phase of the jump with an amplitude, trajectory and flight figure in accordance with the coach’s instructions or application.

The application refers to a competitive process in which the athlete declares in advance the level of difficulty of the jump with a certain difficulty coefficient and sequence of acrobatic elements in the flight phase of the jump. The application is usually practiced in the discipline of acrobatics.

The bowl of a reservoir with a safe splashdown zone is a place in the bowl of a reservoir that must have technical characteristics that ensure the safe splashdown of the athlete after the flight phase of the jump, even if the athlete loses orientation and direction of movement (drift in the direction of landing with an error to the sides), these include: depth, width, length of the reservoir, ensuring a safe splashdown circle, marked in the bowl of the reservoir by jets of air supplied from the bottom under pressure by a system for breaking the surface tension of water; as well as water treatment systems that ensure sanitary standards.

Exit from the bowl of a reservoir - a shallow horizontal plane in the bowl of a reservoir outside the safe splashdown circle for athletes, at its side (shore) equipped with a ladder for exiting the water, and a place on board (on the shore), allowing the athlete to independently safely remove sports equipment and remove it from reservoir bowls.

The closest analogue to the claimed invention is the technical solution known from the patent JP 5352553. The downhill skiing complex is installed using an indoor pool from which water is drained. The bottom surface of the pool is used as the bottom horizontal surface, and the side of the pool is used as the top horizontal surface.

However, the proposed solution is used in a pool from which water is drained, i.e. This complex does not imply splashdown of the athlete. In addition, this solution does not reduce the risk of injury after completing aerial acrobatics exercises in ski jumping, where it is necessary to ensure the calculated take-off speed of an already well-prepared athlete on a sports apparatus after a controlled acceleration down the slope, taking into account the weight, experience of the athlete and the complexity of the figure, speed, number and axes of rotation, amplitude, height and trajectory of the flight phase of the jump.

The technical problem of the claimed invention is the creation of a set of safe conditions in training and competitive processes when performed by athletes using sports equipment: alpine skis, snowboards, roller skates, and sports equipment, skateboards, BMX, scooters, etc., elements and their complexes of special sports physical jumping acrobatic exercises associated with complex aerial figures, with rotation of the body in the air, simultaneously in several planes, with maximum amplitude and height of the flight phase.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the safety of athletes during training.

The essence of the claimed invention is that the complex contains at least one springboard with an irrigation system with lubricant of an artificial sliding surface and a reservoir with a splashdown zone, equipped with a system for breaking the surface tension of water with jets of air supplied from the bottom under pressure along the perimeter of the splashdown zone; the springboard contains a launch pad, an acceleration slope, a transit, and a take-off table; in this case, the springboard is made with a splashdown zone in the reservoir.

Safety is achieved through the arrangement of the technical elements of the complex, which minimizes the likelihood of impact contact with the hard surfaces of the elements of the complex, and ensures the movement of the athlete along a given trajectory with subsequent splashdown into the safe zone of the reservoir.

Layout:

- a starting platform or an adjustable starting point, which must technically provide a stable position for the athlete before the start, for example, a sufficient horizontal surface and/or appropriate handrails; from the starting pad or starting place, the athlete begins a controlled starting movement, without stalling, slipping, etc.;

- the acceleration slope has technical characteristics: marking of the direction of movement, height, angle of inclination, length depending on the selected starting site or adjustable starting place, artificial sliding surface of the track surface, which together will provide the athlete with a certain body weight and equipment with the necessary speed to complete the task the flight phase of the jump after lift-off (push) from the take-off table of the springboard;

- transit has technical characteristics: marking of an artificial sliding surface, a certain length of the horizontal part of the transit route, which ensures a smooth rollout of the athlete from the acceleration slope to the take-off table of the springboard, with the required speed, provides additional control and, if necessary, the ability for the athlete to accurately adjust his speed;

- the take-off table of the springboard has technical characteristics: markings of an artificial sliding surface surface, the angle of elevation, the height from the transit plane to the upper take-off line, which will provide the athlete, depending on his training, body weight and equipment, with the necessary speed and controlled direction of movement, allowing him to perform the flight phase jump with amplitude, trajectory and flight figure in accordance with the instructions of the coach or competition application;

- the reservoir has technical characteristics: the bowl of the reservoir must have a depth, length and width that will ensure a safe splashdown zone for the athlete after the flight phase of the jump, even if the athlete loses orientation and control of the direction of movement (drift in the direction of landing with an error to the sides) into the splashdown zone , for example, a rectangle equipped with a system for breaking the surface tension of water with jets of air supplied from the bottom under pressure, for example, along the perimeter. The shape of the splashdown zone can be any - the main thing is that there is an effect of destruction of the surface tension of water over the entire surface area of the splashdown zone. For a rectangular splashdown zone there must be a margin in the width and length of the jump.

The layout can be supplemented with places and routes for exiting the reservoir bowl and access to launch pads and starting places.

This arrangement provides:

a) forward controlled movement of an athlete of a certain mass and level of training with certain accelerations along the appropriate route from the launch pad or starting place along the acceleration slope through transit to the take-off table to the take-off point before the flight phase of the jump;

b) controlled direction of movement of the athlete in the flight phase of the jump towards the safe zone of splashdown into the reservoir;

c) the reservoir has a shape, location and dimensions that ensure the safe splashdown of the athlete after the flight phase of a jump of any complexity, height and amplitude into the safe splashdown zone of the reservoir without surface tension of water;

d) the above does not provide for impact contact of the athlete with hard surfaces of the complex and with water having surface tension, accordingly, the risks of injury are significantly reduced;

e) the athlete’s movement along a given trajectory is ensured by the direction, arrangement order, shape and technical characteristics of the elements of the complex, a visible designated safe zone, which is provided by a working system for breaking the surface tension of water, as well as independent, consistent, athlete-controlled execution of the elements of the sports task for the flight phase of the jump , agreed with the coach and/or the competitive application.

The likelihood of impact contact with the hard surfaces of the complex elements and the water of the reservoir is reduced due to:

1. Adjustment of the sliding speed of sports equipment, which depends on the height, length and angle of inclination of the acceleration slope, on the quality and preparation of artificial sliding surfaces of the track surfaces, the quality and type of sports equipment or equipment, on the temperature of the sliding surface of the track surface and the environment, on the abundance irrigation of artificial sliding surfaces of the route with lubricant (water).

2. The level of sports training of the athlete.

3. Transit lengths.

4. Selecting the elevation angle and the height of the take-off table lift-off line.

5. Sufficient size of the reservoir bowl.

6. Devices in the bowl of the reservoir of a system for breaking the surface tension of water with a visual indication for the athlete of a safe splashdown zone with jets of air supplied from the bottom of the reservoir under pressure.

7. Fencing the boundaries of the acceleration slope with sides.

The athlete’s movement along a given trajectory is ensured by:

1.Marking the artificial sliding surface of the route surface: acceleration slope, transit and take-off table.

2. Angle of inclination and length of the acceleration slope route.

3.Transit lengths.

4.Smoothed transition from the acceleration slope to the take-off table through transit.

5. Angle of elevation and height of the take-off table.

6. Irrigation systems for lubricating artificial sliding surfaces of the track surfaces along the line: start - acceleration slope - transit - take-off table - take-off line.

7. Systems for the safe splashdown of an athlete onto the water surface with the destruction of the surface tension of water, with a visual indication for the athlete of a safe splashdown zone with jets of air supplied from the bottom of the reservoir bowl under pressure.

Launch pads can be stationary, located at the beginning of each descent. Their area is sufficient to accommodate the starting gate, fence, starting judge and/or coach, athlete, for checking and pre-start preparation by the athlete of sports equipment, projectiles, equipment and equipment, and starting places adjustable in height and length of the acceleration slope route. An adjustable starting place is a fixed beam transverse to the slope with handrails, from which an already equipped athlete, after the start has been authorized, starts in a controlled manner at the acceleration speed required in the training process before the jump. According to the total body weight of the athlete and his sports equipment in accordance with the level of training, the athlete and the coach select a starting point on the acceleration slope route in order to provide the necessary speed for a safe flight phase of the jump with a certain amplitude, trajectory and flight pattern.

Reservoirs can be natural, such as a river, lake, or artificial, such as swimming pools.

The claimed invention is illustrated in figures 1-8, which show:

- Fig.1-7 – example of a springboard;

- fig. 8 is an example of a complex with three springboards.

In figures 1-2, positions 1-7 show:

1. Launch pad.

2. Acceleration slope.

3. Transit.

4. Ski-jump take-off table.

5. The ascent path to the starting point.

6. Reservoir bowl.

7. Exit from the water.

The complex contains one or more springboards and a reservoir, equipped with a system for safely landing the athlete on the water surface with the destruction of the surface tension of water, with a visual indication for the athlete of the safe splashdown zone by jets of air supplied from the bottom of the reservoir bowl 6 under pressure. Visually, during flight, the athlete controls his trajectory, amplitude and flight pattern relative to the safe splashdown zone, indicated by the abundant release of air bubbles from the bottom of the reservoir. An air compressor fills the receiver with atmospheric air, which, using connecting hoses and shut-off valves, is supplied to the exhaust pipe system at the bottom of the reservoir, which has the shape of a circle with the dimensions of the safe splashdown zone in the reservoir and air nozzles along the entire length of the circumference in an amount that ensures the destruction of the surface tension of the reservoir water .

The springboard is made with artificial sliding surfaces and an irrigation system with lubricant of the artificial sliding surface.

The springboard contains a launch pad 1 and an adjustable launch site, a descent route on the acceleration slope 2, a transit 3, a take-off table 4; in this case, the springboard is designed in such a way that the flight phase of the jump ends in the safe splashdown zone of the reservoir bowl 6.

The complex contains an exit from the water 7, which is equipped with a shallow horizontal plane in the bowl of the reservoir outside the safe splashdown circle for athletes, at its side (shore) - a ladder for climbing out of the water and a place on the side of the bowl (on the shore) of the reservoir, which together allow the athlete independently safely remove and remove sports equipment and climb out of the reservoir yourself.

The complex contains a lifting path 5 from the exit point from the water 7 to the launch pad 1 or to the launch site, which can be partially automated.

The complex contains at least one starting place, which can be made adjustable in height and length of the acceleration slope route.

The reservoir can be artificial or natural. It is possible to use several reservoirs depending on the configuration of the springboards. In any case, all possible splashdown areas for athletes are equipped with systems that provide safe splashdown zones for athletes after the flight phase of jumping with the destruction of the surface tension of water by jets of air supplied from the bottom under pressure around the perimeter.

To ensure sanitary standards, all artificial reservoirs are equipped with water treatment systems and exit routes from the reservoir bowl to the starting points.

The complex with several springboards with different characteristics is designed for athletes of various levels of training.

The springboard can be equipped with a beam launch signaling system: the athlete crosses the beam on the acceleration route, this starts the air supply to cut the water surface in the splashdown area.

The complex implements automation and dispatching of the start sequence.

The complex is used as follows.

The athlete and coach will be able to assess readiness to move on to training on the winter jump only when the athlete completes the flight phase of the jump with a controlled entry into the water with his feet, and it is clear that the athlete will be able to land in a controlled manner on the winter jump and continue to move in a controlled manner along the slope while ensuring a safe speed and movement trajectories.

In the stated solution, the reservoir is made without constant drainage of water and is equipped with water treatment systems, if it is not a natural reservoir.

Reducing the risk of injury and the safety of the flight phase of jumping is carried out by splashing down into a safe zone of a reservoir bowl, where the surface tension of water is reduced by technical means, there is sufficient depth and distance to the sides, according to the parameters of the springboard used for the jump into the splashdown zone of this particular springboard. There can be one safe splashdown zone for all springboards installed near the same reservoir; in this case, safety is achieved by organizational means - by observing the order of jumps from different springboards according to the corresponding start permission command.

The acceleration slope route of each springboard is provided as the maximum possible in terms of the height of the launch pad, the angle of inclination and the length of the acceleration, the length of transit, the angle of elevation of the take-off table and the height of the take-off line on it, taking into account the body weight of the athlete and his sports equipment or equipment, level of training, condition artificial sliding surfaces and weather conditions.

The specific springboard is chosen by the athlete and his coach depending on the total mass of the athlete and his sports equipment or equipment, his level of training and weather conditions.

The complex is a training complex with the aim of maximizing the safe learning and training of the flight phase of jumps with complex aerial acrobatic figures, according to the principle “from simple to complex”, with an increase in amplitude, height, speed and number of rotations and their axes. When jumping on small springboards, at the beginning of the training process, athletes practice individual complex coordination elements according to the sport for speed, flexibility, strength, coordination, etc. With the acquisition and training of the athlete's skills and experience, sports tasks for him will be progressively more complicated using individual adjustment of the acceleration speed, by choosing the angle of the acceleration slope, launch height, transit length, takeoff table elevation angle and the height of the take-off line on it. The athlete will consistently have access to a controlled increase in amplitude (jump height), i.e. increasing the flight phase of the jump, which will make it possible to consistently complicate flight figures, increase the number of rotations and their axes.

The designs of the struts of the acceleration slope, transit and take-off table up to the lift-off line on it have height adjustments, which can slightly change the angles of inclination, elevation and roll-out radii on the transit and take-off table, thereby, for example, compensating for ground subsidence or fine-tuning the structure, for example so that it complies with the current requirements of the International Ski Federation (FIS).

The acceleration speed can be adjusted by the following technical means:

1. Preparing the sliding surface of sports equipment - special ointments (paraffins).

2. Length of acceleration. For this purpose, additional adjustable starting places are created, which can be reinstalled up and down the height of the acceleration slope route, thereby adjusting the launch height and acceleration length.

3. The quality of the artificial sliding surface of the acceleration slope route.

4.The temperature of the sliding surface of the track depending on weather conditions.

5. Irrigation of the artificial sliding surface of the acceleration slope route, transit and take-off table with lubricant and water.

6.Changing the angle of inclination of the acceleration slope.

7.Changing the take-off table elevation angle.

8.Changing the height of the take-off table lift-off line.

9.Changing the transit length.

Depending on the weight of the athlete and his equipment, the accumulation of sports experience, the development of skills, the increase in the level of training, the athlete will be able to safely and consistently perform increasingly complex sets of exercises on higher springboards in the sports disciplines of big air, ski acrobatics, moguls, ski cross, halfpipe, slopestyle, etc. The most important thing is that the complex will eliminate the off-season gap between winter training and competitions at specially equipped winter sports facilities and complexes, which can be more than 8-9 months, which will have a beneficial effect on the quality and speed of athletes’ training. This will also be facilitated by the water treatment of the pool (heating, cooling, filtration, etc.) and the use of wetsuits by athletes in cool weather. Additionally, the complex provides the possibility of completely or partially replacing the sliding surface of the launch pads, acceleration slopes, transits and take-off tables of springboards for their use on wheeled sports equipment (roller skates, skateboards, bicycles, scooters, etc.). The complex allows for qualified selection of athletes for admission to training and competitions at specially equipped winter sports facilities and complexes, which will significantly reduce the risk of sports injuries.

The complex consists of three springboards with a splashdown area in the pool. The middle springboard contains three stationary launch pads of different heights. One stationary launch pad has a height from the surface of 15.21 m, the other two – 11.69 m. The stationary launch pad with a height of 15.21 m has dimensions of 4x4 m and is divided into 4 paired zones wide: two 1 m and one 2 m, respectively. The acceleration slope has a length of 34.7 m. Two transits are 6 m and 6.5 m long. Three take-off tables are 2.2 m high and 6 m long, one is 3.5 m and 5 m, respectively.

Claims (12)

1. A complex for the safe conduct of training and competitions in diving with splashdown, characterized in that it contains at least one springboard with an irrigation system with lubricant of an artificial sliding surface, while the springboard contains a launch pad, an acceleration slope, a transit, a take-off table and is designed with the possibility of splashdown in the reservoir zone, the splashdown zone of the reservoir is equipped with a system for breaking the surface tension of water with jets of air supplied by an air compressor to a system of exhaust pipes mounted at the bottom of the reservoir along the perimeter of the splashdown zone. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a lifting path to the launch site. 3. The complex according to claim 2, characterized in that the lifting path is automated. 4. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least one starting place. 5. The complex according to claim 4, characterized in that the starting place is adjustable. 6. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir is made artificial. 7. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir is made natural. 8. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir is equipped with a water treatment system. 9. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir is equipped with an exit from the pool bowl to the launch pad. 10. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains automation and dispatching of the start sequence. 11. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the racks of the acceleration slope, transit and take-off table up to the lift-off line are made adjustable in height. 12. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the springboard is equipped with a beam launch signaling system device that triggers a system for breaking surface tension in the splashdown zone.