RU2817168C1 - Method for recording static strain of upper limb muscles in person - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; sports.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine and sports and can be used in neurology, traumatology, as well as in the training process of athletes, particularly in arm wrestling. Disclosed is a method for recording static tension of upper limb muscles in a person by recording an ergogram, in which performing a computer recording of an ergogram during compression of a wrist dynamometer in a non-fixed mode, which is displayed in real time on a monitor screen, wherein the elbow is placed in the centre of the motor activity sensor of the computer polygraph and is not taken away until the end of recording, wherein analysis is terminated at moment of dynamometer needle drop. All obtained results are stored in electronic form.

EFFECT: invention provides a simplified procedure for obtaining ergograms, possibility of studying static work of not only upper limb muscles, but also shoulder girdle, computer recording of static muscle tension, automatic processing and evaluation of graphic material obtained in digital format.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine and sports, and can find application in neurology, traumatology, as well as in the training process of athletes, in particular in arm wrestling. Intended use in medical practice is the study of the static work of striated muscles in humans under normal conditions and pathologies using the example of the upper limb; the invention can be used in neurology for an objective assessment of the recovery of the neuromuscular system in patients. The invention can be used in practical classes on normal physiology in medical universities to provide a visual and quick assessment of ergometric indicators.

There is a method for recording static muscle tension in a person’s hand using a portable liquid (mercury) dynamometer, proposed by V.V. Rosenblat. (Rozenblat V.V. Portable liquid dynamometer. - Author's certificate for invention No. 100846. Declared on 02/05/1951 under No. 102/16-12Р/442792 to the State Engineering Committee of the USSR).

Rosenblat method V.V. is that the static tension of the muscles of the hand is determined by prolonged squeezing of a rubber bulb filled with water, transferring the water pressure to the mercury column and maintaining the mercury level at an indicator calculated in millimeters of mercury until muscle fatigue develops. During the study, an ergogram is recorded mechanically on the kymograph drum.

The disadvantages of V.V. Rosenblat’s method are the archaic nature of recording ergograms using mechanical means; the use of a component harmful to health in the device - mercury; inclusion of a limited number of muscles of the arm - hand and forearm; a costly format for processing ergograms recorded on paper.

The technical result of the proposed method is the simplification of the procedure for obtaining ergograms, the ability to study the static work of not only the muscles of the upper limb, but also the shoulder girdle, computer registration of static muscle tension, automatic processing and evaluation of graphic material obtained in digital format.

The essence of the proposed method is that a computer recording of the ergogram is carried out in the process of compressing the hand dynamometer in an unfixed mode to the required level, while the elbow is placed in the center of the motor activity sensor of the computer polygraph.

It is known that the spinal mechanisms of human fatigue in the process of performing static work are caused by a deterioration in the functional activity of a- and γ-motoneurons of the spinal cord, mainly due to a decrease in their excitability (Fudin N.A., Eskov V.M., Filatova O.E. and etc. Human fatigue during static and dynamic physical activity and adaptation mechanisms // Bulletin of new medical technologies - 2015. - No. 1 - Electronic journal URL: http://www.medtsu.tula.ru/. VNMT/Bulletin/E2015-1/5064.pdf (date of access: 01/19/2015)). As a result, there is a mismatch in the initial synchronous activity of the spinal motor centers. In this case, the smooth tetanic contraction is replaced by a serrated tetanus, the amplitude of which increases as fatigue develops.

The method is carried out as follows. The subject, holding a hand dynamometer in the tested hand, places his elbow in the center of the motor activity sensor of the computer polygraph (pillow). The dynamometer is compressed to the required amount without removing the elbow from the sensor. The study is completed when the dynamometer needle drops to a value exceeding the permissible limit.

Recording of static tension of the muscles of the upper limb (tremor curve, ergogram) is carried out using a computer polygraph of any design. In our case, the “Barrier-14” polygraph (Russia, ANO TsOP “Antey”) was used, with the software “Sheriff 6-M” (Russia, ANO TsOP “Antey”). The functional purpose of the “Barrier-14” polygraph is registration of curves (respiration, blood pressure, volumetric pulse, skin resistance, general motor activity) characterizing the characteristics of a person’s psycho-emotional state in order to establish the truthfulness of answers to questions from a polygraph examiner. To record the static work of the muscles of the upper limb, we use a motor activity sensor. When conducting a polygraph study, the motor activity sensor provides control of the muscle tension of the upper limb in terms of amplitude and frequency indicators. The use of a motor activity sensor ensures that a tremor curve (ergogram) is obtained on a computer monitor, identical to that recorded using the V.V. method. Rosenblatt. In this case, the obtained result is saved in electronic form.

A block diagram of the working installation is presented in Fig. 1, where 1 is the subject; 2 - hand of the tested limb; 3 - hand dynamometer; 4 - elbow of the tested limb; 5 - motor activity sensor; 6 - switching wires; 7 - computer polygraph "Barrier-14"; 8 - computer; 9 - computer monitor on which the ergogram is displayed - 10.

In fig. Figure 2 shows photographs illustrating the process of registering a masticogram using the proposed method.

The procedure for recording static tension in the muscles of the upper limb is carried out according to the following scheme. Subject 1, holding the hand dynamometer 3 in the hand of the tested upper limb 2, places the elbow 4 in the center of the motor activity sensor 5. Connection wires 6 of the sensor 5 are connected to the input channel for recording the breath of the Barrier-14 polygraph 7, connected via a USB port to the computer 8. After activating the “Sheriff 6-M” program and entering the passport data of the subject, they begin to register ergogram 10 of static muscle tension.

At the beginning of the study, a starting recording is carried out in the absence of static voltage. In this situation, a baseline (isoline) is fixed, against which a judgment is subsequently made about the characteristics of the static voltage during the physical exercise. All ergograms are observed in real time on the monitor screen 9.

Based on the results of the study, the graphical results are stored in computer memory for subsequent statistical processing by computer polygraph software and analysis.

Example 1 (Fig. 3). Subject A., age 39 years, gender - male. The hand is right.

The purpose of the experiment is to record the static tension of the muscles of the upper limb under various loads (50, 40, 30 and 20 dynes).

According to the results obtained, the test subject at a voltage of 50 dyne. provides results in 16 s. At a voltage of 40 dynes. - the result was 28 s. At 30 din. - 57 s. At 20 din. - 105 s. The vertical line passing through the recorded ergogram indicates the moment of change in the nature of static tension - the inclusion of a volitional component, the duration of which is indicated in seconds - 13, 13, 24 and 13 s, respectively.

Conclusion: the moment of formation of the volitional component of static muscle tension is inversely proportional to the load implemented during the experiment - the lower the load, the later the volitional component is formed.

Example 2 (Fig. 4). Subject B., age 20 years, gender - male. The hand is right.

The purpose of the experiment is to record muscle tension in the upper limb with simultaneous registration of volumetric blood flow in the fingers of the opposite limb (plethysmogram). Load - 30 dynes.

During the experiment, simultaneously with the ergogram (top), a plethysmogram was recorded - a volumetric pulse curve (bottom) from the finger of the opposite limb.

It has been established that static muscle tension is accompanied by a decrease in volumetric pulse, which is expressed in a decrease in the amplitude of the plethysmogram waves.

Conclusion: with static tension in the muscles of the upper limb, a stress response is formed, accompanied by spasm of the peripheral vessels of the upper limbs.

A total of 25 recordings of static muscle tension in the upper limbs were performed in 12 people (6 men, 6 women) aged 19 to 40 years who had no pathological changes in the musculoskeletal system.

The positive effects of the proposed method are that the method is safe, since it is carried out without the use of mercury, it facilitates the procedure for registering ergograms, allows you to store digital records in computer databases of subjects, and facilitates the processing of the results obtained due to specialized programs built into the polygraph interface. The method is of particular importance for assessing the level of training of athletes involved in arm wrestling, since during the examination the condition of the muscles of the upper extremities and partially the shoulder girdle is assessed.

Claims (1)

A method for recording the static tension of the muscles of the upper limb in a person by recording an ergogram, characterized in that a computer recording of the ergogram is carried out during the compression of the hand dynamometer in a non-fixed mode, which is displayed in real time on the monitor screen, while the elbow is placed in the center of the motor activity sensor of the computer polygraph and do not take it away until the end of registration, while the study is completed at the moment the dynamometer needle drops, all results obtained are saved in electronic form.