RU2812505C1 - Additional protection for side of armored vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: armoured vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to additional protection of the side projections of the body of an armoured vehicle. Additional protection is made in the form of additional protective modules installed outside the standard vehicle side screen using quick-release fasteners. Additional protection is configured for limited movement and rotation as a result of external influence from an obstacle when the vehicle is moving with the subsequent return of the modules to their original position. The fastenings comprise a flexible inextensible element, detachably connected on one side to the side screen, by means of a hook that prevents the flexible inextensible element from coming off, and on the other side connected to the load-bearing element. A flexible non-stretchable element is fixed on the back side of the side screen.

EFFECT: performance and security of the vehicle are increased.

6 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of additional (mounted) armor protection of the side projections (preferably the hull) of an armored vehicle (hereinafter referred to as the vehicle), can be used in the designs of tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, engineering vehicles and various armored combat vehicles for protection against cumulative and kinetic armor-piercing weapons, specifically to quick-detachable modular protection, which allows, when a vehicle moves through obstacles (for example, forests, ruins in urban areas, rubble, organized barricades), to prevent the breakdown of additional protective modules and their fastenings when the vehicle hits an obstacle, preserving protection of the sides of the vehicle, as well as ensure quick dismantling of modules and maintainability of their fastenings (under extreme influences, including the activation of dynamic protection of neighboring modules).

The problem of increasing the security of armored vehicles by improving additional mounted protection exists throughout their entire life cycle.

Today, taking into account the characteristics of modern military conflicts, the need has arisen to create new additional (mounted) protection for the side projections of the hull of an armored vehicle.

It is known that in additional protection, where it is impossible to use rigid structures, chain systems are used [E. Chistyakov, D. Kupryunin, M. Alekseev, A. Kimaev. The effectiveness of additional protection of military equipment // Equipment and weapons yesterday, today, tomorrow. – 2017. – No. 2. – P.2-12].

Chains impart additional degrees of freedom to the structural elements they hold.

As analogues of the claimed invention, known technical solutions are considered, including similar technical features and having similar technical results.

1) From the source ["Tank", RU207792 U1, IPC: F41H 7/02 (2006.01) / applicant: society "Omsk Transport Engineering Plant" (RU) - RU2020120444 A; priority: 01/29/2019, RU 2019102458; application: 06.15.2020; publ.: 11/16/2021] an additional set of removable modular protection means used to increase the tank’s security is known, containing additional dynamic protection modules installed on top of removable modules (with 4S23 dynamic protection elements), made in the form of continuous anti-cumulative shields placed on the sides housings.

This kit is part of a non-transportable single set of spare parts for a tank with the possibility of equipping and mounting it in anticipation of combat operations in urban environments, forest or mountainous areas, where the likelihood of the enemy using hand-held anti-tank grenade launchers increases.

The source does not disclose the design of the mounts for these additional modules and there is no information about the mobility of the modules when the tank moves through obstacles.

2) From source [TR2021001974 A1, IPC: F41H 5/007; F41H 5/013; F41H 7/02 / applicant: ASELSAN ELEKTRONIK SANAYI VE TIC A S (TR), application: 02/11/2021, TR2021001974 A; publ.: 08/22/2022] a known system for attaching reactive/non-reactive armor built into the sides of the tank, providing access on the march.

Objectives of the famous invention:

- creation of a mobile mechanism built into the armor, eliminating the need for an additional person, reducing the time for quickly replacing damaged modules in the field;

- eliminating the need for another person to attach hooks or pins to the top or bottom of the body;

- ensuring easy lifting and fixing of armor manually by one person.

The system contains (according to the positions from the source): a chassis 2 of an armored vehicle on which the armor 1 is attached; fastening element 5 and hook 6, welded or secured with fasteners to the body.

The holder (load-bearing fastening element) of the armor 1 contains a hinge pin 7, a fastening element 8, a hook 9 and a handle 10.

While the chassis 2 is moving, the fastening element 8 is fixed between the hooks 6 and 9, and thus the armor 1 is attached to the hook 6, and the hook 9 is bolted.

The object of the invention is also a movement mechanism containing a support shaft that allows you to fix the armor, lifting it from a vertical position relative to the ground at an angle of 90° or higher, and a fuse for blocking the raised armor.

The load-bearing fastening element (hinge pin 7) does not provide free rotation and lifting of armor 1 (module), and will be destroyed when exposed to obstacles at the end of the module.

3) From the source [RU2790734 C1, IPC: F41H 5/007 (2006.01); F41H 7/02 (2006.01) / applicant: Joint Stock Company "Ural Design Bureau of Transport Engineering" (RU) – RU A; application: 11/07/2022; publ.: 02/28/2023] the “Method of fastening the dynamic protection module of a military tracked vehicle” is known, which reveals the possibility of quickly replacing on-board dynamic protection modules in the event of their failure.

This possibility is provided by original quick-release fasteners that ensure hanging of the modules on the surface of the standard on-board screen.

The module is equipped with a mounting plate with mounting holes used to install the module in a given position (taking into account placement on a specific section of the mounting line on board), by aligning a specific mounting hole with a threaded socket for a mounting bolt on the module. The assembled module is installed with clamps on the edge of the sheet of standard dynamic protection of the side of the vehicle, secured with fastening bolts, ensuring hanging on the swing shaft.

A common feature with the claimed invention is the presence of a mounting (bearing) plate, fixed on the back side of the additional protective module, made with so-called spare (duplicate) threaded holes.

Moreover, in the claimed invention there are, along with a common well-known feature, threaded holes intended exclusively for fastening in the event of damage/deterioration of the standard fastening, the standard threaded hole.

The known method of fastening modules does not disclose the implementation of preventing their failure when a vehicle hits an obstacle.

4) From the source [RU2794373 C1, IPC: F41H 5/04 (2006.01) / applicant: Joint Stock Company "Ural Design Bureau of Transport Engineering" (RU) – RU2023101376 A; application: 01/24/2023; publ.: 04/17/2023] “Additional protection of the body of an armored vehicle (options)” is known, in which, to hold a screen installed outside the vehicle with protective modules, braces are used, made in the form of chains, hooked by links on hooks, rigidly connected to the body of the vehicle facilities.

The technical result of the known invention is the effective protection of the front and rear projections of the hull from kinetic and cumulative armor-piercing weapons, in contrast to the claimed invention, where the result is the protection of the sides of an armored vehicle.

The principle of operation (as a result of external influence - the impact of an obstacle on the protection) of the claimed protection differs from the known one in that the declared modules do not rest against the body of an armored vehicle, but have more degrees of freedom to be able to escape from the projection of an obstacle when colliding with it.

In this case, the degree of freedom can be such that it allows the protection modules to move onto the fender.

In the source [Vyacheslav Vovnov. T-72B3M model 2022, a new modification of the “most combat tank” // Equipment and weapons yesterday, today, tomorrow. – 2023. – No. 6. – P.2-5] photographs are presented showing the T-72B3M tank with standard side screens with EDS (dynamic protection elements) and additional screens with EDS in the rear of the tank.

Us. 5 of the same source, the photo shows additional protective modules installed on clamps on top of the standard side screens. The mounting features of these modules are not visible.

The objective of the claimed invention is to create a design for quick-detachable additional protection of the side of the vehicle body, which prevents the breakdown of additional protective modules (which may contain EDS, NRZ inside) when the vehicle hits an obstacle.

The technical result is an increase in the reliability of fastenings, the security of the vehicle, the maintainability of fastenings of modules under extreme loads (including the activation of emergency protection of neighboring modules); expansion of the arsenal of technical means of protecting the side projections of the vehicle body; ensuring ease of operation (quick installation/dismantling of modules on standard side screens; convenient and quick access to the undercarriage (with installation of modules on the vehicle fender without removing them from the mount); removal of restrictions on vehicle movement through obstacles).

To achieve the technical result, additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle with a standard side screen, containing additional protective modules rigidly installed outside the side screen using quick-release fasteners, having at least one load-bearing element on the rear side, according to the invention is made with the possibility of limited movement and rotation of the modules as a result of external influence from an obstacle when the vehicle is moving, and their subsequent return to their original position, while the fastenings of each of the modules contain at least one, limiting the specified movement and rotation, a strong flexible inextensible element connected in a detachable manner with on one side with the side screen, by means of a hook that prevents the flexible inextensible element from coming off, and on the other side connected to the load-bearing element/elements.

In addition, a flexible non-stretchable element can be attached to the back side of the side screen (to protect it from bullets, shrapnel, and blast waves).

In addition, the flexible non-extensible element can be made in the form of a chain.

In addition, the flexible non-stretchable element can be made with the possibility of the module adopting a position in which it completely avoids the obstacle (to avoid strong engagement with the obstacle and reduce the load on the element, in particular, on the vehicle body when negotiating narrow passages in rubble, forest massifs or driving on deep ruts).

In addition, the flexible non-extensible element can be secured to the load-bearing element with a bolt (item 5 in Fig. 2-4, 6).

In addition, the supporting element can be made with additional threaded holes, used as spare ones in case of damage to the standard threaded holes (to ensure maintainability).

In addition, at least one stop can be installed on the rear side of the module, which is used to position the module relative to the screen, prevent the module from colliding with protruding elements of the side screen, and ensure module rigidity (position 8 in Fig. 2-6).

In addition, the hook can be made in the form of a clamp (for installing modules in arbitrary places on the side screen, without being tied to the fastening elements on the screen, and also to avoid modification of the original screens, Fig. 2).

In addition, the hook can be made in the form of a hook (to simplify/accelerate the installation/disassembly of the module without the use of tools, Fig. 3).

In addition, the hook can be made in the form of a bolt installed on a bolt rigidly attached to the side screen (for reliable and simple fastening of a durable flexible inextensible element of the module, Fig. 4).

In addition, the additional protection of the side of an armored vehicle may additionally contain at least one bumper, rigidly installed in front of the upper part of the front end surface of the outermost front module, configured to deflect an obstacle from the specified module (to eliminate the impact of the obstacle on the side of the module in the area its fastening, avoiding excessive force on strong flexible inextensible fastening elements of the module/modules, position 9 in Fig. 1, 5, 7).

The bumper can be made in a wedge shape (which will ensure the deflection of obstacles from the side of the module in the area of its attachment).

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings:

- in fig. 1 shows additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle (main view);

- in fig. 2 shows section A-A of Fig. 1 (with a clamp option);

- in fig. 3 shows section A-A of Fig. 1 (with a hook option);

- in fig. 4 shows section A-A of Fig. 1 (with a hook option in the form of a bolt installed on the bonnet);

- in fig. 5 shows view B of Fig. 1;

- in fig. 6 shows an isometric view of the protective module;

- in fig. 7 schematically shows the operation of the device.

Additional protection of the side of the armored vehicle 1 in a specific embodiment (Fig. 1, 2) is made as follows: on the standard side screen 2 of the armored vehicle 1 (for example, with elements of dynamic protection (EDP) integrated into it), the same screen as on the tank T-72B3M) externally, with fastening in the upper part of the screen, additional protective modules 3 are installed (in particular, modules with electronic protection or with continuous protection (NRZ)). On the back side of each module 3 there is a load-bearing element - a plate 4 with threaded holes for bolts 5 and additional threaded holes (for fastening in case of damage/damage to the standard threaded holes for bolts 5).

The protective modules 3 are secured using strong flexible inextensible elements - chains 6 (shown schematically), limiting their movement and rotation as a result of external influence F from an obstacle when the vehicle is moving.

The length of the chains 6 and the distance a (Fig. 6) between the points of their attachment on the plate 4 are selected taking into account that the protective module 3 does not turn sideways or with its back towards the weapon, and that the protective module is able to rise above the fender of the vehicle body ( and take a position on the fender, Fig. 7, excluding/reducing its damage by an obstacle).

Strong flexible non-stretchable elements can also be made in the form of a metal cable with loops at the ends for fastening, etc.

Strong flexible inextensible elements must satisfy the tensile strength condition for specific design options when the vehicle moves through obstacles.

The chains 6 are connected in a detachable manner on one side to the side screen 2, by means of a hook - in particular, a clamp 7, and on the other side they are connected by a bolt 5 to the plate 4 (Fig. 2).

Preventing chains from jumping off when fastening with a clamp is ensured by limiting the clamp bolt to a protrusion on the side screen; when fastening with a hook - install a nut on the end of the hook after the chain link; when fastening with a bolt and a bolt - by making the bolt head larger than the internal opening of the chain link.

The preferential fastening of chains 6 on the back side of the side screen 2 provides protection of the mount from bullets, fragments and operational damage (including damage from the modules themselves as a result of their movements along the side screen), and reduces the load on the mount. This arrangement of the fastening always ensures the tension of the chain (and the prevention of jumping off the hook) both from the weight of the module in the absence of external disturbances (while on the vehicle) and the movement of its center of mass above the fastening point on the screen after interaction with an obstacle. In the case when at least one of the two chains on the module is tense (when the module pulls down and flies up), the chain will not jump off the hook, which guarantees that the module will be held on at least one chain after its extreme collision with an obstacle.

On the back side of the protective module 3 there are stops 8 (in the form of corners with rounded outer corners, Fig. 5, 6), used for positioning the protective module relative to the screen 2 (the gap Z is designed to prevent the side surface of the module from interfering with the protruding elements of the screen, Fig. 2-4), preventing the module from colliding with protruding elements of the side screen (for example, bolts for fastening the side screen), ensuring module rigidity (when the corners are rigidly fixed to the rear surface of the module). The radii on the module stops ensure smoother interaction with the screen (if a collision with protruding parts does occur), without engagement with the screen in places where it ledges.

Fastening the protective module with chains on the rear side of the side screen provides the following advantages (compared to fastening, for example, with cables):

- allows for simple, reliable, labor-intensive fastening of its ends;

- prevents rubbing against the upper end of the side screen (when the mount is placed on the back side of the screen);

- allows you to relieve the chain fastening elements on the side screen due to its bending by 180°;

- allows, if necessary (when fastening with two chains), to adjust the length of the chain by twisting - to align the module vertically or with other modules.

In this case, the use of two circuits is preferable. When an extreme load is applied to the module, the load is taken by one circuit. A break in one of the two circuits or its fastening does not lead to loss of the module.

In front of the upper part of the front end surface of the outermost front module 3, a wedge-shaped bumper 9 is rigidly installed to deflect an obstacle (for example, a tree), FIG. 1, 5, 7.

The bumper 9 prevents the impact F of an obstacle on the upper part of the end of the module 3 and the separation of the chains 6.

An elastic obstacle (tree) exerts a force F on the module towards the side of the vehicle.

The protective module 3 in the upper part passes into the opening c (Fig. 5), formed by the bumper 9, and then, as it moves, the lower part of the module is pulled between the screen and the obstacle elastically acting on it.

Work (Fig. 7).

When encountering a rigid or elastic obstacle at the level of the fender, the wedge-shaped fender moves the obstacle from the side projection of the modules.

When encountering a rigid obstacle below the bumper, the modules located behind it can turn and rise upward, i.e. move away from the projection of the obstacle.

When encountering an elastic obstacle above the fender, such as a tree, the wedge-shaped fender deflects it, allowing it to pass through the top of the module directly behind it. The tree trunk, after passing through the bumper, elastically returns to its original position, pressing the first and subsequent modules towards the screen. The modules are pulled between the screen and the obstacle behind the bumper due to the strong flexible inextensible element of their attachment to the screen. In the lower part, the first module hooks onto a deflected tree, turns and rises up along with subsequent modules, moving away from the tree trunk in the lower part.

Thus, the use of the invention in its various embodiments will allow:

- ensure reliable protection of the side projections of the vehicle body from cumulative and kinetic armor-piercing weapons;

- prevent damage to additional on-board protective modules due to the possibility of them moving away from an obstacle when the vehicle hits an obstacle;

- to facilitate installation and dismantling work during vehicle operation, when quick (without the use of any tools) removal of the protective module (as a result of its combat damage) is required by one crew member;

- combine simple and proven available technical solutions (chains, hooks).

Full-scale tests of the proposed mounting of additional protection for the sides of an armored vehicle showed the possibility of driving along deep ruts, rubble, overcoming obstacles in the form of a forest without damaging the protective modules and their fastenings, and installing/dismounting the modules by one person.

Claims (6)

1. Additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle with a standard side screen, containing additional protective modules installed outside the side screen using quick-release fasteners, having at least one load-bearing element on the rear side, and is designed with the possibility of limited movement and rotation of the modules in as a result of external influence from an obstacle when the vehicle moves, and their subsequent return to their original position, while the fastenings of each of the modules contain at least one, limiting the specified movement and rotation, a strong flexible inextensible element, connected in a detachable manner on one side with side screen, by means of a hook, and on the other hand connected to the load-bearing element/elements, characterized in that the flexible inextensible element is fixed on the back side of the side screen, and the hook is designed in such a way that it prevents the flexible inextensible element from coming off, while the modules have degrees of freedom for the possibility of leaving the projection of an obstacle when colliding with it. 2. Additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that that the flexible inextensible element is made in the form of a chain. 3. Additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one stop is installed on the rear side of the module, used to position the module relative to the screen, prevent the module from colliding with protruding elements of the side screen, and ensure the rigidity of the module. 4. Additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the hook is made in the form of a hook. 5. Additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains at least one bumper, rigidly installed in front of the upper part of the front end surface of the outermost front module, configured to deflect an obstacle from said module. 6. Additional protection for the side of an armored vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that the bump stop is wedge-shaped.