RU2810734C1 - Backup power supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: backup power supply device can be used in power supply devices for communications equipment. The device comprises a main power circuit connected to the main power source and a backup power circuit connected to the backup power circuit. Moreover, the main and backup power circuits are assembled according to the same circuit and are identical to each other. Each of them consists of a suppressor diode, a high-side driver, capacitors, a limiting resistor, a first field-effect transistor, a low-side driver, and a second field-effect transistor. The outputs from the drains of the field-effect transistors of the main and backup power circuits are connected using an OR connection, forming a positive operating voltage at the load. The outputs from the sources of the field-effect transistors of the main and backup power circuits are connected using an OR connection, forming a negative operating voltage at the load.

EFFECT: increased reliability and increased functionality.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed device relates to electrical engineering and can be used in power supply devices for communications equipment.

Redundant power supplies are used to improve the reliability of power supply to vital and critical equipment, such as nodes and communication equipment. One of the redundancy methods is the parallel connection of alternative power sources.

A backup power supply device is known from the prior art (copyright certificate for invention No. 1501214, H02J 9/06, published 08/15/1989).

The disadvantage of this device is unreliability due to the presence of an electromechanical relay, since the switching moment is accompanied by impulse noise, and the relay itself has a limited operating time.

A backup power supply device is known (invention patent No. 2439767, H02J 9/06, published 01/10/2012), and a backup power supply device is also known (invention patent No. 2446542, H02J 9/06, published 03/27/2012).

The disadvantage of the known devices is their unreliability due to the fact that they use n-p-n type bipolar transistors. Also, using a diode in series between the power supply and the load results in a noticeable voltage drop.

The closest analogue accepted as a prototype to the claimed technical solution is a backup power supply device (utility model patent No. 189075, H02J 9/06, published 05/08/2019). The backup power supply device contains: the main and backup power supplies, a load, a diode, a field-effect transistor with an insulated gate and an n-type channel, a voltage divider consisting of first and second resistors connected in series, a pnp type transistor, a resistor, an npn type transistor.

The disadvantage of the proposed solution is that the control circuits use bipolar transistors of the pnp type and npn type, which are known to have low noise immunity, high sensitivity to current overloads, and low heat capacity, which leads to a high probability of self-heating and secondary breakdown. Also, the use of a series-connected diode between the power source and the load leads to a noticeable voltage drop, which must be stabilized by additional stabilization circuits.

The objective of the invention is to develop a backup power supply device without the disadvantages listed in the prototype, allowing the use of different power sources that may not have a common ground.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the backup power supply device contains a main power source connected to the main power circuit and a backup power supply connected to the backup power circuit, while the main power circuit and the backup power circuit are assembled according to the same circuit and are identical to each other.

The positive voltage output of the main power supply is connected to the first contact of the first suppressor diode, to the first input of the high-side driver, to the source of the first field-effect transistor, to the first contact of the first capacitor, the second contact of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source. The second contact of the first suppressor diode is connected to the housing of the main power source.

The first output of the high-side driver is connected through a limiting resistor to the gate of the first field-effect transistor. The second output of the upper side driver is connected to the anode of the diode protecting against polarity reversal. The third output of the upper-side driver is connected to the drain of the first field-effect transistor, to the first input of the lower-side driver, to the first contact of the second capacitor, the second contact of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source.

The negative output of the main power supply is connected to the first contact of the second suppressor diode, to the cathode of the diode protecting against polarity reversal, to the drain of the second field-effect transistor, to the first output of the low-side driver.

The second output of the low-side driver is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor. The third output of the low-side driver is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor.

At the same time, a backup power circuit assembled similarly to the main power circuit is connected to a backup power source.

The drain of the first field-effect transistor of the main power circuit is connected to the drain of the first field-effect transistor of the backup power circuit and to the positive input of the load power supply via an OR connection, thereby forming a positive operating voltage at the load.

The source of the second field-effect transistor of the main power circuit is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor of the backup power circuit and to the negative input of the load power supply via an OR connection, thereby forming a negative operating voltage at the load.

The invention is illustrated by the diagram shown in the figure.

The technical result provided by the above set of features is to increase the reliability of the device and increase functionality.

The proposed device uses an n-channel field-effect transistor, the advantage of which, in comparison with the bipolar one used in the prototype, is that voltage, not current, must be applied to the gate of the transistor, but since there is a dielectric there, the current will be zero, which means the required power to control this transistor will be scanty; in fact, it consumes only at the moment of switching, when the capacitor is charging and discharging.

To control the voltage at the gate of a field-effect transistor, the invention uses a special driver microcircuit that generates the desired control signal. In addition, the driver provides current protection, protection against breakdown, overvoltage, and optimizes the opening speed to the maximum.

To achieve reliability of power supply to the load, the main and backup power sources are connected in parallel using the mounting “OR”. Mounting “OR” provides isolation between power sources, low losses during the passage of current, safe connection/disconnection of any of the sources and the load itself.

The proposed device allows the use of various power supplies with or without ground connection.

Thus, the technical solutions applicable in the proposed device provide the technical result of the invention.

The backup power supply device contains a main power supply 1 connected to the main power circuit, and a backup power source 2 connected to the backup power circuit, while the main power supply circuit and the backup power circuit are assembled according to the same circuit and are identical to each other.

The positive voltage output of the main power source 1 is connected to the first contact of the first suppressor diode 3, to the first input of the upper-side driver 4, to the source of the first field-effect transistor 5, to the first contact of the first capacitor 6, the second contact of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source 1 The second contact of the first suppressor diode 3 is connected to the housing of the main power source 1.

The first output of the upper arm driver 4 is connected through a limiting resistor 7 to the gate of the first field-effect transistor 5. The second output of the upper arm driver 4 is connected to the anode of the reverse polarity diode 8, the cathode of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source 1. The third output of the upper arm driver 4 connected to the drain of the first field-effect transistor 5, to the first input of the low-side driver 9, to the first contact of the second capacitor 10, the second contact of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source 1.

The negative output of the main power supply 1 is connected to the first contact of the second suppressor diode 11, to the drain of the second field-effect transistor 12, to the first output of the low-side driver 9. The second contact of the second suppressor diode 11 is connected to the housing of the main power source.

The second output of the low-side driver 9 is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor 12. The third output of the low-side driver 9 is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor 12.

At the same time, the backup power circuit, assembled similarly to the main power circuit, is connected to the backup power source 2.

The drain of the first field-effect transistor 5 of the main power circuit is connected to the drain of the first field-effect transistor 5 of the backup power circuit and to the positive input of the load 13 power supply through the mounting “OR”, thereby forming a positive operating voltage at the load 13.

The source of the second field-effect transistor 12 of the main power circuit is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor 12 of the backup power circuit and to the negative input of the load 13 power supply through the mounting “OR”, thereby forming a negative operating voltage at the load 13.

The invention works as follows.

Main power supply 1 supplies positive and negative voltage to the main power circuit. The backup power supply 2 supplies positive and negative voltage to the backup power circuit. At the same time, the installed protective suppressor diodes 3 and 11 of the main and reserve circuits, respectively, limit pulse surges of overvoltage, and also protect the circuit from static discharges.

When voltage is applied to the main power circuit, the upper-side driver 4 is turned on, which generates a control signal to the gate of field-effect transistor 5, that is, the required voltage level for opening field-effect transistor 5. To limit the charging current of the gate capacitance of field-effect transistor 5, resistor 7 is installed. When fully opened Field-effect transistor 5 has minimal resistance at its output and the voltage goes to the positive input of load 13 without loss. The presence of diode 8 protects the circuit from polarity reversal.

The voltage from the drain of field-effect transistor 5 is supplied to 1 contact of the lower-level driver 9, which generates and supplies a control signal to the gate of field-effect transistor 12. A negative voltage is supplied to the drain of field-effect transistor 12 from the main power source 1, while field-effect transistor 12 opens at the source A negative supply voltage appears, which is supplied to the negative input of the load 13.

With this circuit we decoupled the positive and negative voltage of the main power source 1 and the positive and negative voltage coming to the load 13.

The backup scheme works similarly.

If the voltage at the first input of the driver of the upper arm 4 decreases, then the control voltage at the gate of the field-effect transistor 5 decreases, the gate closes and the main power circuit is disconnected from operation, while the load 13 is supplied with voltage from the operating backup circuit. The opposite is the same.

When the main power source fails, the reverse current through the field-effect transistor 5, as the capacitance on the capacitor 6 discharges, begins to increase and the upper-level driver 4 turns off the field-effect transistor 5 and the load begins to operate from the backup power source.

The possibility of ensuring reliable power supply to the load 13 is created by parallel connection of the main and backup power circuits to the load 13 through the installation “OR”. This allows you to minimize load voltage noise and current transients.

As an example of the technical implementation of the invention, it is possible to use an electronic voltage regulator TPS2419 from Texas Instrument as an upper-side driver, an SQ3456 microcircuit from Vishay as a lower-side driver, and an IR5001 transistor from International Rectifier as a field-effect transistor. The choice of elements depends on the parameters of the implemented circuit, such as input voltage values, switching delay of the field-effect transistor and others.

Thus, the present invention fully realizes the task, is technologically feasible and industrially applicable.

Claims (1)

A backup power supply device containing a main and backup power sources, a load, a field-effect transistor with an insulated gate and an n-type channel, characterized in that the main power source is connected to the main power circuit, and the backup power source is connected to the backup power circuit, wherein the main power supply is connected to the main power supply circuit. the power circuit and the backup power circuit are assembled according to the same circuit and are identical to each other, with the positive output of the main power supply connected to the first contact of the first suppressor diode, to the first input of the high-side driver, to the source of the first field-effect transistor, to the first contact of the first capacitor, the second the contact of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source, and the second contact of the first suppressor diode is connected to the body of the main power source, at the same time, the first output of the upper-side driver is connected through a limiting resistor to the gate of the first field-effect transistor, the second output of the upper-side driver is connected to the anode of a diode protecting against polarity reversal, the third output of the upper-side driver is connected to the drain of the first field-effect transistor, to the first input of the lower-side driver, to the first contact of the second capacitor, the second contact of which is connected to the negative output of the main power source, in addition, the negative output of the main power source connected to the first contact of the second suppressor diode, to the cathode of the diode protecting against polarity reversal, to the drain of the second field-effect transistor, to the first output of the low-side driver, while the second output of the low-side driver is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor, and the third output of the low-side driver is connected with the source of the second field-effect transistor, and the second contact of the second suppressor diode is connected to the housing of the main power supply, at the same time, the backup power circuit, assembled similarly to the main power circuit, is connected to the backup power source, and the drain of the first field-effect transistor of the main power circuit is connected to the drain of the first field-effect transistor of the backup power circuit and with the positive input of the load power supply through the mounting “OR”, thereby forming a positive operating voltage on the load, while the source of the second field-effect transistor of the main power circuit is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor of the backup power circuit and with the negative input of the load power supply through the mounting “OR”, thereby forming a negative operating voltage at the load.

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