RU2804559C1 - Method for long-range detection and destruction of stealth air and ground targets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: unmanned aerial vehicles; aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for long-range detection and destruction of subtle air and ground targets. To detect and destroy targets, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with an airborne radar station (ARS) is launched from a combat aircraft at a certain distance, all aircraft that pose a threat are detected, and the information is transmitted to the aircraft operator, unmasking them by provoking the consumption of ammunition, manoeuvre in order to avoid enemy combat missiles and return on board of their aircraft to be pulled inside or refuelled. On board a combat aircraft, the received information is processed, recorded on an electronic map of the area in the memory of the computer, air targets are recognized according to certain criteria, a decision is made on the choice of the option of using aviation weapons against air and ground targets, and the targets are attacked.

EFFECT: survivability of a manned combat aircraft is increased through the timely destruction of stealthy air and ground targets.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons and military equipment, in particular to the field of using unmanned aerial vehicles for military purposes.

Currently, the leading trend in military aircraft construction is to reduce the stealth of aircraft. In contrast, methods for their early detection are being intensively studied. Traditional methods of increasing the detection range of aircraft are based on increasing the energy potential of radar stations (RLS) and improving the quality of signal processing.

The A-50 long-range radar detection aircraft is known, which is used to detect and track air and surface targets, alert command posts of automated control systems about the air situation, and control fighter and strike aircraft when targeting air, ground and sea targets [1].

The disadvantage of this air command post is the inability to detect subtle targets on safe long-range approaches to a combat aircraft.

There is a known method for long-range detection of an aircraft, which consists in a joint flight of a combat aircraft and a light unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) accompanying it ahead along the course, launched from the aircraft like an air-to-air missile, with an on-board radar station (ARS) to the distance necessary to increase the range of the main radar of a combat aircraft for the purpose of early detection of all aircraft that pose a threat to them; unmasking the enemy's stealth air and ground combat assets, by provoking them to consume ammunition in their address; maneuvering in order to avoid enemy combat missiles and return on board your aircraft on a catch-up course using a docking method, similar to docking with the refueling neck of a tanker's aircraft, while the UAV can either be returned on board the aircraft by pulling it to its workplace, or refueled for performing subsequent combat missions [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the insufficient degree of survivability of a manned aircraft due to the lack of the ability to destroy low-profile air targets, guided air-to-air missiles, guided surface-to-air anti-aircraft missiles and air defense systems at long distances.

The technical objective of the invention is to increase the survivability of a manned combat aircraft through the timely destruction of stealth air and ground targets.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of long-range target detection, which consists of a joint flight of a combat aircraft and a light unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) accompanying it ahead along the course, launched from the aircraft like an air-to-air missile, with an on-board radar station ( radar) to the distance necessary to increase the range of action of the main radar of a combat aircraft for the purpose of early detection of all aircraft that pose a threat to them, unmasking the enemy's stealth air and ground combat assets, by provoking them to consume ammunition in their address, maneuvering, the purpose of avoiding enemy combat missiles and returning aboard one’s aircraft on a catch-up course using a docking method, similar to docking with the refueling neck of a tanker’s aircraft, while the UAV can either be returned aboard the aircraft by pulling it to its workplace, or refueled to carry out subsequent combat missions. tasks, additionally transmit information about radio-contrast targets to the operator of a manned combat aircraft, record information on an electronic map of the area in the memory of the combat aircraft computer, recognize air targets according to the “single - group” criterion based on narrow-band filtering of the Doppler frequency components of the spectrum of the reflected signal from an extended air target , recognize air targets according to the criterion “large - medium - small target” based on comparisons of the ratios of the durations of the signal reflected from the target and the sounding signal with given threshold values, ensure that the operator of a combat aircraft makes decisions about options for using aircraft weapons (AW) against air targets based on of this information, provide interactive control of the UAV based on contactless communication systems and control systems on a manned combat aircraft, control the field of view of the optical-electronic system of the UAV based on data on the coordinates of radio-contrast targets, process and transmit information received in the information fields of optical and thermal contrast combat aircraft operator, control the UAV in loitering mode around the target so that it always remains in the field of view of the optical-electronic system, taking into account the dynamics of the UAV's control surfaces and the speed of deviation of the line of sight of the optical-electronic system, provide a choice of options for using ASP on a ground target based on analysis the operator of its image, carry out an attack on stealth air and ground targets at long range relative to a combat aircraft based on the use of attack UAVs, while the options for using ASP on attack UAVs depend on the objects of action.

The main advantage of the proposed approach is the ability to detect and destroy low-visibility aircraft at safe, long-range approaches to a combat aircraft. The probability of detecting subtle CCs is significantly increased by irradiating them not only in the front hemisphere with the lowest effective scattering area (ESR), but also from all directions. This effect increases when two or more UAVs are used. The radar portrait of a UAV, close in its characteristics to a combat aircraft, is capable of both provoking the enemy to expend the ammunition of surface-to-air missiles, while creating air corridors for the safe entry of manned combat aircraft into them, and unmasking its missile defense launch sites ( PRO).

To solve the problem of recognizing an air target, you can use recognition systems based on the criterion “single - group” and the criterion “large - medium - small target” [3, 4], based on narrow-band filtering of the Doppler frequency components of the spectrum of the reflected signal from an extended air target and duration analysis signal reflected from the target.

To solve the problem of recognizing a ground target, you can use, for example, a UAV sighting system as part of on-board radio-optical-electronic equipment, which includes a phased array radar, a radio station for communication with a command post, an optical-electronic system in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges, a unit power supply and altimeter, a central computing unit, a unit for processing video information and generating control commands, a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier. The optical-electronic system includes television and thermal imaging channels, a two-coordinate rotating device and a line of sight stabilization system [5].

To solve the problem of hitting stealth air targets in the form of air-to-air, surface-to-air guided missiles and air defense systems, you can use, for example, an unmanned strike complex, which contains an aircraft with a combat fragmentation element and is equipped with a control unit and satellite navigation system , video camera, rangefinder-target designator. The combat element is made in the form of a directed-action ammunition that throws a variety of ready-made submunitions in the direction of flight [6].

Interactive control of the UAV operator can be ensured, for example, by placing on the manned aircraft radio-electronic equipment consisting of a communication radio station, a computer, a UAV control command generator, a joystick, a power amplifier, and a video monitor.

The UAV sighting system works as follows. The UAV is sent to the selected target search area. When approaching a given area, a phased array radar is turned on, which scans the given area in a radio-contrast information field. Information about radio-contrast targets enters the central computing unit, is recorded in memory, digitized, sent to the encoder of the radio communication station and transmitted to the operator of the manned aircraft. The received information is recorded on an electronic map of the area in the memory of the combat aircraft computer.

The operator recognizes subtle air and ground targets according to the “single - group” criterion based on narrow-band filtering of the Doppler frequency components of the spectrum of the reflected signal from an extended air target and according to the “large - medium - small target” criterion based on comparisons of the ratios of the durations of the signal reflected from the target and probing with specified threshold values.

To ensure the destruction of air targets at given lines relative to a combat aircraft, attack UAVs are used, and when group air targets are detected, the number of attack UAVs used against a group target corresponds to the number of targets in the group.

The decision on options for using ASP against air targets is made by the operator based on information about the objects of action, when they are recognized according to the criterion “large - medium - small target.”

To obtain information about ground targets, the UAV is interactively controlled by placing on a manned combat aircraft radio-electronic equipment consisting of a communication radio station, a computer, a UAV control command generator, a joystick, a power amplifier, and a video monitor.

The UAV is controlled in loitering mode around the target so that it always remains in the field of view of the optical-electronic system, taking into account the dynamics of the control surfaces of the combat unmanned aerial vehicle and the speed of deviation of the line of sight of the optical-electronic system. They control the field of view of the UAV optical-electronic system based on a rotating platform. Then the information received in the information fields of optical and thermal contrast is processed and transmitted to the operator, who provides a choice of options for using the ASP on a ground target based on the operator’s analysis of its image.

An attack on ground targets at long range relative to a combat aircraft is carried out based on the use of attack UAVs, while the options for using TSA depend on the objects of action.

To effectively trigger fragmentation ammunition at the required distance to the target, the attack UAV control unit, according to the program embedded in it, generates a command with some advance in the activation of fragmentation ammunition, depending on the target parameters received from the rangefinder-target designator and satellite navigation system.

When fragmentation ammunition is triggered, a fragmentation flow is formed in the form of an ellipse in cross section, which ensures the destruction of targets.

Thus, a set of reconnaissance and attack UAVs launched from a combat aircraft are capable of not only detecting subtle air targets and enemy air defense systems at distant safe approaches to a combat aircraft, but also destroying them, which will increase the survivability of a manned combat aircraft.

Information sources:

1. topwar.ru. The main trump card of the Russian A-50 Military review

2. Patent 2721642 Russian Federation. IPC F41H 13/00, SGZH F41H 13/00. Method for long-range detection of aircraft. / Mikhailenko V.I., application: 2019134034, 10/24/2019, publ. 05/21/2020. Bull. No. 15

3. Pat. 2484498 Russian Federation, IPC G01S 13/53. A method for recognizing a group goal and a device for its implementation / Efanov V.V., Muzhichek S.M., Gavrilov N.V. - 2012108254/07; application 03/05/12; publ. 06/10/13, Bulletin. No. 16

4. Pat. 2492501 Russian Federation, IPC G01S 13/53. A method for recognizing the target class and a device for its implementation / Efanov V.V., Muzhichek S.M., Gavrilov N.V. - 2012122163/07; application 05.23.12; publ. 09/10/13, Bulletin. No. 25

5. Patent 2294514 Russian Federation. IPC F 41G 3/22, IPC F41G 7/20, B64D 7/00. Sighting system of a combat unmanned aerial vehicle. Tarasov V.V., Zlobnikov A.E., Gruzdev V.V., Gomzin A.V., Lachugin V.A., application: 2005128325/02, 09.13.2005, publ. 02.27.200., Bulletin. No. 6

6. Patent 2558528 Russian Federation. IPC F41H 13/00. Unmanned strike system. Zhukov M.B., Panov A.V., Popov V.A. Smirnov I.M., Shvedchenko N.N., application: 2014114685/11, 04/14/2014, publ. 08/10/2015. Bull. No. 22.

Claims (1)

A method for long-range detection and destruction of stealthy air and ground targets, which consists of a joint flight of a combat aircraft and a light unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) accompanying it ahead along the course, launched from the aircraft like an air-to-air missile, with an on-board radar station (radar). ) to the distance necessary to increase the range of the main radar of a combat aircraft for the purpose of early detection of all aircraft that pose a threat to them, unmasking the enemy’s subtle air and ground combat assets by provoking them to consume ammunition in their address, maneuvering in order to avoid enemy combat missiles and returning on board their aircraft on a catch-up course using a docking method similar to docking with the refueling neck of a tanker’s aircraft, while the UAV can either be returned on board the aircraft by pulling it to its workplace, or refueled to perform subsequent combat missions or transmit information about radio-contrast targets to the operator of a manned combat aircraft, recording information on an electronic map of the area in the memory of the computer of the combat aircraft, providing interactive control of the UAV based on contactless communication systems and control systems on the manned combat aircraft, controlling the field of view of the optical-electronic system of the UAV based on coordinate data radio-contrast targets, processing and transmitting information received in the information fields of optical and thermal contrast to the operator of a combat aircraft, controlling the UAV in loitering mode around the target so that it always remains in the field of view of the optical-electronic system, taking into account the dynamics of the UAV's control surfaces and the deflection speed sighting lines of an optical-electronic system, characterized in that they recognize air targets according to the criterion “single - group” based on narrow-band filtering of the Doppler frequency components of the spectrum of the reflected signal from an extended air target, recognize air targets according to the criterion “large-medium-small target” on based on comparisons of the ratios of the durations of the signal reflected from the target and the probing signal with specified threshold values, ensure the decision by the operator of a combat aircraft on options for using aircraft weapons (AW) against air targets based on this information, ensure the choice of options for using AW on a ground target based on the operator’s analysis its images received from the UAV carry out an attack on stealth air and ground targets at distant boundaries relative to the combat aircraft based on the use of attack UAVs, while the options for using ASP on attack UAVs depend on the objects of action.