RU2799124C1 - Method of gum massage for elderly and senile people - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; dentistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for use in performing oral massage for the elderly. After brushing teeth and washing hands, massage is carried out 2 times a day using a device for performing oral cavity massage worn on the thumb and forefinger of the left or right hand for 3 weeks. First circular movements are performed with the index finger of the left or right hand from the transitional fold to the neck of the teeth of the upper jaw, capturing the area from the front incisors to the molars, 10 movements on the left and right sides, and on the lower jaw the movements go from bottom to top from the incisors to the molars. Then they the jaw is grasped from the vestibular side with the index finger, and from the palatine side with the thumb and a circular motion is carried out from the central incisors to the molars, performing 10 movements on each side of the upper and lower jaws. Next, the gum is clamped between the index and thumb near each tooth, slightly squeezing it, and then released, performing such movements, they move from the central incisors to the molars, first on the upper jaw, and then go to the lower jaw. Further, after a break of 1 week, the course is repeated, while the general course lasts 3 months. The course is repeated after 1 month.

EFFECT: method, due to the improvement of microcirculation processes in periodontal vessels, allows to reduce the formation of plaque on the surface of the teeth, strengthen periodontal tissues and prevent tooth loss.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry. This method of gum massage can be used using a device for performing oral massage for the elderly (Patent for invention No. 2782403 dated October 26, 2022) in order to prevent and treat periodontal diseases in elderly and senile people.

Periodontal disease [PD] is the most common adult disease worldwide. This is confirmed by the latest WHO data, according to which the prevalence of periodontal disease (PD) in the adult population in the world reaches 98%.

Studies show that patients suffering from periodontal disease have a 2-3 times higher risk of heart attack and stroke. Violation of the act of chewing caused by periodontal diseases leads to dysfunction of the entire digestive system, contributes to speech impairment, deterioration in the quality of life (Dmitrieva A.A., 2018, Herbert F Wolf, 2008, Kalutskaya, 2015).

The relevance of the problem of treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases in the elderly and senile causes the emergence of a large number of scientific studies over the past decades aimed at studying it. According to the results of numerous epidemiological studies of domestic and foreign authors, the most common periodontal pathologies in the elderly and senile age are periodontitis and periodontal disease. (Kilmukhametova Yu. Kh., 2017). In patients with chronic liver disease, microcirculation disorders in tissues are detected, causing a sharp decrease in tissue perfusion with blood, which indicates a deterioration in periodontal trophism (Krechina E.K., Zorina O.A., Molchanov A.M., Shilov A.M., 2016) .

The process of complex treatment of periodontal diseases can be divided into several consecutive and logically interconnected stages. At each stage, to solve any problem, therapeutic methods should be used together: professional teeth cleaning

(removal of dental deposits), relief of the inflammatory process, elimination of periodontal pockets, normalization of microcirculation in periodontal tissues; surgical: curettage, patchwork operations, restoration of the alveolar process; orthopedic: selective grinding, temporary splinting treatment methods. The treatment regimen also includes physiotherapeutic methods of treatment and massage, which normalize metabolic processes, microcirculation and stimulate the regeneration of periodontal tissues (Zorina O.A., Grudyanov A.I., 2010, Yanushevich O.O., 2018.)

Massage helps to increase blood flow, causing the expansion of the lumen of the capillaries; normalization of the permeability of the vascular wall, due to which more nutrients and oxygen enter the tissues; acceleration of metabolic processes in soft and hard tissues; decrease in the volume of intercellular fluid in the periodontium, thereby reducing pain; increased excretion of metabolic products; increasing local immunity and activating the work of the salivary glands and organs of the gastrointestinal tract. All this strengthens periodontal tissues and helps prevent tooth loss (Zyulkina L.A., Sabaeva M.N., Ivanov P.V., Shastin E.N., 2017)

Thus, the possibility of correcting microcirculatory disorders in elderly and senile people caused by periodontal diseases is pathogenetically substantiated (Krechina E.K. 2016, Grigoryan V.A. 2017).

Of the known methods of gum massage, the following analogues are most common: finger massage and the use of medium-hard toothbrushes.

Disadvantages of the finger massage technique:

- the impossibility of disinfection and sterilization;

- low efficiency of procedures, due to the smooth surface of the working field;

- possible injury to the gums with nails.

Disadvantages of using a medium-hard toothbrush for gum massage: contraindicated in patients with sensitive gums, because:

- injure the mucous membrane, causing discomfort, pain and prolonged healing.

Advantages of the oral massage device:

- the possibility of antiseptic treatment;

- high efficiency due to the presence of protrusions on the surface of the device;

- simplicity and safety in use;

- low cost;

- the possibility of simultaneous finger massage in combination with the use of the device.

The problem, which is aimed at the solution of the proposed method of carrying out gum massage using a device for performing oral massage for the elderly (Patent for invention No. 2782403 dated October 26, 2022), is to correct microcirculatory disorders of periodontal tissues caused by HP.

The problem is solved by the fact that every day twice a day after brushing the teeth, the alveolar process of the upper jaw and the alveolar part of the lower jaw are massaged using a device for massaging the oral cavity for the elderly (Patent for invention No. 2782403 dated October 26, 2022) using the claimed method.

The result of using the claimed method of gum massage is the improvement of microcirculation processes in the periodontal vessels: increased blood flow, expansion of the capillary lumen, normalization of the permeability of the vascular wall, the supply of more nutrients and oxygen; acceleration of metabolic processes in soft and hard tissues: a decrease in the volume of intercellular fluid in the periodontium, an increase in the excretion of metabolic products; increased local immunity and activation of the salivary glands and organs of the gastrointestinal tract. All this helps to reduce the formation of plaque on the surface of the teeth, strengthen periodontal tissues and prevent tooth loss.

Like any procedure, gum massage has contraindications. There are few of them and almost all of them are relative. Do not massage during exacerbation of periodontal disease, especially if they are accompanied by purulent discharge. Massage is not indicated after tooth extraction, it can provoke bleeding. Systemic blood diseases, stroke, heart attack, malignant tumors of the jaw are a reason to avoid excessive pressure on the vessels.

The proposed method is easy to use, clear, safe and accessible to this contingent of people.

The proposed method of performing an oral massage for the elderly and senile is different in that it is carried out after brushing your teeth and washing your hands 2 times a day using a device for performing an oral massage for the elderly wearing on the thumb and forefinger of the left or right hand (Patent for invention No. 2782403 dated October 26, 2022).

The procedure begins with circular movements with the index finger of the left or right hand from the transitional fold to the neck of the teeth of the upper jaw, capturing the area from the front incisors to the molars. 10 movements on the left and right sides. On the lower jaw, movements go from bottom to top from the incisors to the molars. Then we grab the jaw from the vestibular side with the index finger, and from the palatine (lingual) side - with the thumb and draw in a circular motion from the central incisors to the molars, performing 10 movements on each side of the upper and lower jaws. Next, we clamp the gum between the index and thumb near each tooth - slightly squeezing it, and then release it. Performing such movements, we move from the central incisors to the molars, first on the upper jaw, and then move on to the lower jaw. Duration 3 weeks; break 1 week, course 3 months. Repeat course after 1 month.

Clinical case:

The method of performing gum massage for elderly and senile people has been developed over many years. To evaluate clinical data, the hygiene index (GI) was used, the simplified Green, Vermillion (OHI-S) index (1964), the papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA) Parma (1960).

A comparison table of hygiene index data before and after using the method of massaging the gums for the elderly and senile using the device for performing oral massage for the elderly is shown in the table.

Comparative table of hygiene indices before and after use method of gum massage for elderly and senile people.

Age groups, years. Before using the gum massage method for the elderly and senile. After using the method of gum massage for the elderly and senile after 6 months. After using the method of gum massage for the elderly and senile after 12 months. GI RMA GI RMA GI RMA 60-64 3.25±0.08 45.36±3.46 2.16±0.75 37.42±2.27 2.20±0.90 41.24±1.12 65-69 3.75±0.71 46.98±3.49 2.56±1.18 39.13±2.66 2.76±1.28 42.63±1.32 70-75 4.02±1.01 48.17±3.45 2.95±1.22 41.42±2.26 3.11±1.58 43.91±1.36 76-89 4.29±0.99 49.37±3.41 3.21±1.01 42.52±2.18 3.44±1.14 44.77±2.09

The table shows that, using the method of gum massage for the elderly and senile, after 6 months the hygiene index improved significantly and the papillary-marginal-alveolar index decreased, and 12 months after applying this method, the indices of hygiene and papillary-marginal -alveolar index worsened somewhat, but their values became higher than the initial ones.

Thus, using the method of gum massage for elderly and senile people 2 times a day after brushing their teeth, it is possible to significantly reduce and prevent the development of periodontal diseases in elderly and senile people, reduce tooth loss and thereby improve the quality of life for people of this age category.

References (by citation in the text)

1. Dmitrieva L.A. Periodontitis: textbook. allowance / ed. Dmitrieva L.A. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2014. 703 p.

2. Periodontology: textbook. allowance / Volf V.G. [and etc.]. - M.: Medpress-inform, 2005. 500s.

3. Kalutskaya N.S. Individual oral hygiene as a method of prevention of periodontal diseases // Healthcare of Yugra: experience and innovations. 2015. No. 3. S. 13-18.

4. Kilmukhametova Yu. Kh., Batig V.M., Abramchuk I.I. Periodontal diseases against the background of somatic pathologies // Young scientist. 2017. No. 26 (160). pp. 57-62.

5. Violation of microcirculation in periodontal tissues in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis in combination with metabolic syndrome / Krechina E.K., Zorina O.A., Molchanov A.M., Shilov A.M. // Dentistry. 2016. No. 95(1). pp. 27-30.

6. Questions of the relationship between inflammatory periodontal diseases and cardiovascular pathology / Grudyanov A. I., Tkacheva O. N., Avraamova T. V., Khvatova N. T. // Dentistry. 2015. No. 94(3). pp. 50-55.

7. Yanushevich O. O. Periodontology / ed. Yanushevich O. O., Dmitrieva L. A. - Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2018. 752 p.

8. Microcirculation of periodontal tissues: causes of disorders and mechanisms of correction / Zyulkina L.A., Sabaeva M.N., Ivanov P.V., Shastin E.N. // Modern problems of science and education. 2017. No. 2. S.

9. Grigoryan V.A. Indicators of homeostasis and biocinosis of the oral cavity in patients with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues // Scientific Review. Abstract journal. 2017. No. 1. S. 31-35.

10. Riznik Yu.B. Dysfunction of the endothelium of periodontal vessels and its role in the development and progression of generalized periodontitis. Bulletin of Problems of Biology and Medicine. 2014. No. 2 (2). pp. 115-120.

Claims (1)

A method for performing gum massage for elderly and senile persons, which consists in the fact that after brushing teeth and washing hands, massage is performed 2 times a day using a device for performing oral massage for 3 weeks worn on the thumb and forefinger of the left or right hand , characterized in that they first begin circular movements with the index finger of the left or right hand from the transitional fold to the neck of the teeth of the upper jaw, capturing the area from the front incisors to the molars, 10 movements on the left and right sides, and on the lower jaw the movements go from bottom to top from incisors to the molars, then grasp the jaw from the vestibular side with the index finger, and from the palatine side with the thumb and carry out in a circular motion from the central incisors to the molars, performing 10 movements on each side of the upper and lower jaws, then clamp the gum between the index and thumb near each tooth, slightly squeezing it, and then released, performing such movements, they move from the central incisors to the molars, first on the upper jaw, and then go to the lower jaw, then after a break of 1 week, the course is repeated, while the total course is 3 months , the course is repeated after 1 month.