RU2787510C1 - Energy saving window with air exchange recovery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction. The window contains a window frame with glazed sashes and a ventilation chamber in the form of a box with an opening outwards at one end. At the same time, an air filter and an electric fan are installed inside the box. The box is located inside and along the lower hollow horizontal profile of the window frame. Its opening to the outside is aligned with the corresponding opening in the outer surface of the window frame profile. At the other end of the box there is a hole directed inside the room, aligned with the corresponding hole in the inner surface of the window frame profile. Inside the box is a heat exchanger.

EFFECT: reduction of heat losses during ventilation, reduction of labor intensity during installation.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction and is intended for use in the construction and reconstruction of civil buildings located in areas with cold and temperate cold climates.

As a rule, a modern energy-saving window contains a window block, including glass installed in parallel with a gap, fixed in a rectangular box equipped with sealing elements (AS USSR No. 487224, IPC E06V 5/20). The disadvantages of such a window include the lack of a ventilation system that provides efficient air exchange in the room, subject to minimal heat loss during ventilation. When using such a window with the onset of cold weather, problems arise:

- fogging windows;

dampness of window sills and walls under them, which can lead to mold.

However, ventilation does not help much. When the windows are open, it becomes cold in the house and all the heat savings provided by an energy-saving window are nullified. The reason for this phenomenon is the entry of cold outside air without preheating, as well as the exit of warm air from the room to the street, warmed up in the room through the use of the heating system.

Recently, to solve the problem of airing rooms without opening windows, compact heat exchangers are used, which are wall-mounted in the form of a hinged box or a tubular structure built into the wall. In particular, the supply and exhaust unit VL-100 EUS-E Mitsubishi Elektric (prospect of the On Climate company, St. Petersburg) is known, which provides silent renewal of the air in the room with heating of the outside air due to the warm air leaving the room without consuming electricity using recuperator. The device uses a Lossnay heat exchanger made of ultra-thin paper with a special impregnation. Corrugated layers are glued perpendicular to each other and form channels for supply and exhaust air. Through the walls of the heat exchanger, heat exchange between air flows occurs, as well as the diffusion of water vapor from more humid air to less humid. The efficiency of the 5th generation Lossnay heat exchanger is increased by using a moisture-permeable adhesive to fix the corrugated layers and separators and reaches 75%, as a result of which the heat loss in the room during ventilation is much less than when simply ventilating the room using open frames and vents.

The use of a heat exchanger reliably eliminates dampening of walls, fogging of windows and the formation of fungus and mold on window sills, walls and ceilings.

Common disadvantages of compact recuperators include:

- the need to make holes in the main (external) wall of the house, made mainly of solid building materials (reinforced concrete, brick) with a thickness of 400 ... 600 mm or more;

- delaying the delivery of the premises, tk. the installation of the recuperator is carried out after the delivery of the house:

To slightly improve the situation with the ventilation of the house, the use of windows that provide some heating of the outside air during ventilation can be used. In the author's certificate of the USSR No. 969877 MPK E06B 5/20, a window unit with a device for natural ventilation is described, containing a channel built into the window sill of the wall and open to the outside. The ventilation duct is connected to the space between the panes, the air passes into the room through the inner leaf of the window. This design has a drawback due to the need for a special channel under the window, its thermal insulation and condensate removal. The implementation of the channel in the finished wall is laborious, and the configuration of the channel must be consistent with the design of the installed window block. At the same time, it is impossible to replace a window block with a window block with a different design without altering the channel under the window. In addition, there is no possibility of adjusting the volume of ventilated air.

The construction of a window with a valve installed vertically next to the window, described in the USSR author's certificate No. 1796750 MPK E06B 5/20, does not require a niche under the window. The cassette installed in the valve opens in a reciprocating motion. This design also has disadvantages associated with freezing of the valve openings in the winter season, the lack of condensate drainage, the impossibility of smooth regulation of air exchange depending on the season and the microclimate of the room. In addition, this window does not provide heat recovery by heating the incoming outdoor air in the heat exchanger, which is heated during ventilation by the warm air leaving the room. The absence of such recuperation significantly reduces the heat savings when using modern energy-saving windows with double-glazed windows.

A similar disadvantage has a heat and sound insulating window with an air exchange valve (RU 2170802C1 MPK Е06В 5/20) selected for the prototype, containing a window box with separate bindings in which glass and a window are fixed, as well as an air exchange valve in the form of a box placed vertically along the side of the window box and attached to the impost of the box, and the box has an opening with blinds and a damper on the outside. At the same time, the box mullions are made with holes connecting the inner space of the valve with the inter-pane space of the box and the window. In this case, the valve may contain an air filter and/or a fan installed inside the valve.

The use of a technical solution according to RU 2170802C1 makes it possible to reduce the loss of thermal energy and regulate the level of ventilation in the room.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- insufficient level of heating of the outside air entering the room, which leads to fogging of windows and the appearance of moisture on the windowsill;

- in connection with the installation of the box in the mullion and the entry of outside air during ventilation into the inter-pane space of the box, the need to pair the holes in the box, the mullion and the sash, which requires appropriate selection or refinement of the sashes when replacing them.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages of the prototype. This goal is achieved by the fact that the window block containing a window frame with sashes with glazing and a ventilation chamber in the form of a box with an opening to the outside, is characterized by the following features:

- the box is located inside and along the lower hollow horizontal profile of the window frame;

- the outward opening of the box is aligned with the corresponding opening in the outer surface of the window frame profile;

- there is a hole in the box directed inside the room, aligned with the corresponding hole in the inner surface of the profile of the window box facing the room,

- a heat exchanger is located inside the box.

The design of an energy-saving window is shown in the figure.

When realizing the purpose of the invention, the energy-saving window comprises a window box 1 with glazing sashes 2 and a ventilation chamber in the form of a box 3 having an outward opening at one end, an air filter 4 installed inside the box 3 and an electric fan 5. In this case, the box 3 is located inside and along of the lower hollow horizontal profile of the window box 1, its opening is outwardly aligned with the corresponding hole in the outer surface of the profile of the window box 1, and at the other end of the box 3 there is a hole directed inside the room, aligned with the corresponding hole in the inner surface of the profile of the window box 1, and inside box 3 is located heat exchanger 6.

When implementing the window, the following technical solutions can be used. Window box 1 is made in the form of a metal-plastic structure with a supporting hollow tubular structure in the lower part. In this case, the cross section of the pipe, which acts as a box 3, has a predominantly rectangular shape and should provide the possibility of placing an air filter 4, an electric fan 5 and a heat exchanger 6 in it. The number of chambers in a double-glazed window is determined by climatic conditions. The air filter 4, the electric fan 5 and the heat exchanger 6 have a typical design, for example, as in the above-mentioned VL-100 EUS-E Mitsubishi Electric air handling unit. Additionally, a heater 7, bactericidal lamps 8, noise filters 9 and other devices that increase the functionality of an energy-saving window can be installed in the box 3.

Ventilation of the room is carried out as follows. When the electric fan 5 is operating, the outside air enters the box 3 through the conjugated openings in the box 3 and the outer surface of the profile of the lower part of the window box 1 and passes through the air filter 4, where it is cleaned of dust and plant pollen. Further, the outside air passes through the heat exchanger 6, which is heated by the warm air leaving the room, and after heating in the heat exchanger 6 enters the room through the aligned holes at the second end of the duct 3 and in the inner surface of the profile of the lower part of the window frame 1. At the same time, heat losses in the house are minimized compared to conventional ventilation, street noise is damped in noise filters 9, and street dust is collected in easily maintained dust-proof air filters 4. If necessary, additional air heating in the heater 7 and its disinfection with a bactericidal lamp 8 can be provided.

The advantages of the described energy-saving ventilation window are:

- the use of the lower part of the window frame to accommodate the box 3, taking into account the actual width of the window (1000 mm or more), allows you to freely place the air filter 4, the electric fan 7 and the heat exchanger 6, while the specified heat exchanger 6 can have a significant length of channels for air passage, which ensures deep heat transfer;

- reduction of heat losses during ventilation;

- it is not required to perform labor-intensive work on tunneling a channel in the outer wall of the building;

- the house is rented immediately with really energy-saving ventilation windows;

- assembly of the window and installation in it (in the lower part of the window frame) of elements for ventilation and heat energy recovery is carried out at the factory, which ensures high quality of work and the necessary aesthetic characteristics;

- when installing identical windows throughout the house that do not require special ventilation ducts in the walls, the type of which depends on the dimensions of the recuperators used in a particular apartment, an unchanged appearance of the house is ensured without any changes to its facade associated with the need to provide additional ventilation .

Claims (1)

A window containing a window box with glazed sashes and a ventilation chamber in the form of a box having an opening at one end to the outside, while an air filter and an electric fan are installed inside the box, characterized in that the box is located inside and along the lower hollow horizontal profile of the window box, its opening to the outside is aligned with the corresponding hole in the outer surface of the window frame profile, and at the other end of the box there is an opening directed inside the room, aligned with the corresponding hole in the inner surface of the window frame profile, and a heat exchanger is located inside the box.

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