RU2778530C1 - Thermal power plants water treatment plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal and industrial energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of thermal and industrial energy and can be used to provide consumers with chemically purified and demineralized water. The source water 1 entering the clarifier 2 is freed from colloidal suspensions in it with the help of FeCl₃ and NaOH solutions added from tanks 27, 28. Then the clarified water enters the tank 3 for intermediate storage, after which, before being fed into the mechanical filter 4, reagents 23 are added to it to adjust the pH. In the mechanical filter 4, water is purified from colloidal-mechanical suspensions, and water 10 is supplied to the reverse osmosis unit 5 and in parallel to the chemically purified water preparation unit 18. Wash water 19 from the filter 4 enters the tank 20 for intermediate storage and after it is fed into the lower part of the clarifier 2 to remove it as part of the liquid sludge 22 into the hydrocyclone 9. Due to centrifugal forces during rotation in the hydrocyclone 9, liquid sludge 22 is separated into solid dehydrated sludge 29 and clarified water 30, which is subjected to a degassing process in the cyclone. In the reverse osmosis unit 5, the concentrate 11 is removed from the clarified water, which is sent to the unit 18 for the preparation of chemically purified water. Permeate 12 from node 5 goes sequentially to the H-ionization filter 15 and the OH-ionization filter 16 and then through line 13 enters the first deaerator 8 for deaeration, after which it is sent through line 14 to the boiler. The regeneration solutions 15 and 16 spent in the H-ionization filter 6 and in the OH-ionization filter 7, as well as the clarified water 10 from the mechanical filter 4 and clarified water 30 from the hydrocyclone 9 in the unit 18 are subjected to chemical purification and mixing. After adjusting the pH with reagents supplied via line 24, and after deaeration in the second deaerator 25, chemically purified and deaerated water is supplied via line 26 to feed the heating system.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of the plant by reducing the loss of clarified water and carrying out partial degassing of the water entering the second deaerator, as well as by obtaining dehydrated sludge, which can be used in road construction as a roadbed filler.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of thermal and industrial energy and can be used to provide consumers with chemically purified and demineralized water.

Known water treatment plant thermal power plant containing technologically connected source water supply line, clarifier, coagulated water tank, mechanical filter, reverse osmosis unit, H-ionization filter, OH-ionization filter, first deaerator, clarified water outlet line from the mechanical filter, outlet line concentrate, permeate removal line, demineralized water supply line from the OH-ionization filter, deaerated water supply line to the boiler, exhaust regeneration solutions discharge line from the H-ionization filter, exhaust regeneration solutions discharge line from the OH-ionization filter, neutralizer tank, preparation unit chemically treated water, line for removal of washing water from a mechanical filter, tank for washing solutions, line for supplying washing solutions to the clarifier, line for discharging liquid sludge from the clarifier, line for supplying reagents for adjusting the pH of coagulated water, line supplying reagents for adjusting the pH of chemically purified water, W another deaerator, a line for supplying chemically purified water to feed the heating system, a FeCl ₃ solution tank, a NaOH solution tank (see. patent for invention RU 2551499 C1, access: yandex.ru>patents/doc/RU2551499Cl_20150527). Disadvantages of the known installation:

1. Significant losses of clarified water with liquid sludge removed.

2. The inability to carry out partial degassing of water before the second deaerator.

3. The lack of the possibility of obtaining solid dehydrated sludge during operation of the installation, which can be offered to consumers for practical use as a roadbed filler in road construction.

These shortcomings are eliminated in the claimed invention, which is aimed at solving the technical problem of increasing the efficiency of the installation by reducing the loss of clarified water, by carrying out partial degassing of the water entering the second deaerator, and by obtaining dehydrated sludge, which can be used in road construction as a pavement filler.

This goal is achieved by using a centrifugal hydrocyclone for dehydrating liquid sludge to obtain clarified and degassed water sent to the second deaerator, and with the concomitant production of a solid sludge substance suitable for practical use as a roadway filler.

The scheme of the proposed installation is shown in Fig. 1, where elements and nodes are indicated by the following positions:

1 - source water supply line,

2 - clarifier,

3 - coagulated water tank,

4 - mechanical filter,

5 - reverse osmosis unit,

6 - H-ionization filter,

7 - OH-ionization filter,

8 - the first deaerator,

9 - hydrocyclone,

10 - line for draining clarified water from a mechanical filter,

11 - concentrate withdrawal line,

12 - permeate withdrawal line,

13 - demineralized water supply line from the OH-ionization filter,

14 - line for supplying deaerated water to the boiler,

15 - line for the removal of spent regeneration solutions from the H-ionization filter,

16 - line for the removal of spent regeneration solutions from the OH-ionization filter,

17 - neutralizer tank,

18 - unit for the preparation of chemically purified water,

19 - line for removal of washing water from a mechanical filter,

20 - tank of washing solutions,

21 - line for supplying washing solutions to the clarifier,

22 - liquid sludge discharge line from the clarifier,

23 - line for supplying reagents for correcting the pH of coagulated water,

24 - reagent supply line for pH correction of chemically purified water,

25 - second deaerator,

26 - line for supplying chemically purified water to feed the heating system,

27 - FeCl ₃ solution tank,

28 - NaOH solution tank,

29 - dehydrated sludge transportation line,

30 - clarified water outlet line after the hydrocyclone. The purpose and interaction of elements and nodes is as follows.

Clarifier 2 serves to carry out reactions to remove colloidal-mechanical inclusions from the source water supplied through line 1 by exposing it to solutions of FeCl ₃ and NaOH supplied from tanks 27 and 28.

Coagulated water tank 3 is designed for intermediate storage of water supplied from clarifier 2.

The mechanical filter 4 serves to capture by washing the suspended mechanical particles that have not settled in the form of sludge in the clarifier 2.

The reverse osmosis unit 5 serves to obtain purified water at the molecular level, the so-called permeate supplied through line 12, for subsequent production of superheated steam from it in a steam boiler.

Filters H-ionization 6 and OH-ionization 7 are designed to reduce the alkalinity and salinity of water.

The first deaerator 8 serves to remove gases and air dissolved in it from the water before it is fed into the boiler.

The hydrocyclone 9 is used to take clarified water from liquid sludge 22 along line 30 to the preparation unit for chemical water treatment 18. In this case, dissolved gases and air are removed from the water due to the pressure of centrifugal forces and a dehydrated solid sludge is formed, which is transported along line 29 to consumers .

The presence of the hydrocyclone 9 is a distinctive feature that allows to achieve a positive technical result in improving the efficiency of the installation by transporting clarified water through line 30 from the hydrocyclone to the chemical water treatment unit 18. This eliminates the loss of clarified water with liquid sludge, available in the known installation.

The degassing of water in the deaerator 25 consumes heat. Due to the fact that after the hydrocyclone, the clarified water supplied through line 30 does not contain dissolved gases and air, the heat costs during the operation of the second deaerator 25 for degassing water are reduced.

The practical useful use of solid dehydrated sludge as a filler for the roadway allows to reduce the cost of backfilling during road construction.

Neutralizer tank 17 serves to neutralize waste solutions from the H-ionization filter 15 and from the OH-ionization filter 16.

The unit for the preparation of chemically purified water 18 serves to remove from the clarified water after the mechanical filter 4 and the hydrocyclone 9, as well as from the concentrate 11 and from the water after the neutralizer tank 17, dissolved chemical compounds that can form salt deposits and corrosion in the deaerator 25 and in heat-using equipment thermal networks.

Washing solutions tank 20 is designed to collect and remove washing solutions after the mechanical filter 4.

The second deaerator 25 serves to deaerate the feed water 26 supplied to feed the heating system.

Tanks 27 and 28 of FeCl ₃ and NaOH solutions are used for intermediate storage of FeCl ₃ and NaOH solutions before being fed into clarifier 2.

The proposed installation works as follows.

The source water 1 entering the clarifier 2 is released from colloidal suspensions with the help of FeCl ₃ and NaOH solutions added from tanks 27, 28.

Then the clarified water enters the tank 3 for intermediate storage, after which, before being fed into the mechanical filter 4, reagents 23 are added to it to adjust the pH.

In the mechanical filter 4, water is purified from colloidal-mechanical suspensions, and water 10 is supplied to the reverse osmosis unit 5 and in parallel to the unit for the preparation of chemically purified water 18.

Wash water 19 from the filter 4 enters the tank 20 for intermediate storage and after it is fed into the lower part of the clarifier 2 to remove it as part of the liquid sludge 22 into the hydrocyclone 9.

Due to centrifugal forces during rotation in the hydrocyclone 9 liquid sludge 22 is separated into solid dehydrated sludge 29 and clarified water 30, which is subjected to the degassing process in the cyclone.

The use of the technological principle of centrifugal dehydration of sludge to obtain degassed clarified water is a hallmark of achieving a positive technical result in saving energy compared to the known installation.

In the reverse osmosis unit 5, the concentrate 11 is removed from the clarified water, which is sent to the unit 18 for the preparation of chemically purified water.

Permeate 12 from node 5 goes sequentially to the H-ionization filter 15 and the OH-ionization filter 16 and then through line 13 enters the first deaerator 8 for deaeration, after which it is sent through line 14 to the boiler.

The regeneration solutions 15 and 16 spent in the H-ionization filter 6 and in the OH-ionization filter 7, as well as the clarified water 10 from the mechanical filter 4 and the clarified water 30 from the hydrocyclone 9 in the node 18 are subjected to chemical purification and mixing.

After adjusting the pH with reagents supplied via line 24, and after deaeration in the second deaerator 25, chemically purified and deaerated water is supplied via line 26 to feed the heating system.

Claims (1)

Water treatment plant of a thermal power plant, containing technologically connected feed water supply line, clarifier, coagulated water tank, mechanical filter, reverse osmosis unit, H-ionization filter, OH-ionization filter, first deaerator, clarified water withdrawal line from the mechanical filter, concentrate withdrawal line , permeate withdrawal line, demineralized water supply line from the OH-ionization filter, deaerated water supply line to the boiler, waste regeneration solutions discharge line from the H-ionization filter, waste regeneration solutions discharge line from the OH-ionization filter, neutralizer tank, chemical preparation unit purified water, line for removal of washing water from a mechanical filter, tank for washing solutions, line for supplying washing solutions to the clarifier, line for discharging liquid sludge from the clarifier, line for supplying reagents for pH correction of coagulated water, line for supplying reagents for pH correction of chemically purified water, second dea rator, a line for supplying chemically purified water to feed the heating system, a tank of FeCl ₃ solution, a tank of NaOH solution, characterized in that there is a hydrocyclone installed on the line for discharging liquid sludge from the clarifier, there is a line for draining clarified and degassed water from the hydrocyclone to the unit for preparing chemically purified water, there is a line for transporting dehydrated solid sludge from a hydrocyclone to consumers for use as a filler for roadbeds.

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