RU2778398C1 - Method for preservation of diesel internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of protection of metals from corrosion and can be used for the preservation of the cylinder-piston group of diesel engines, for example, engines of combine harvesters, tractors, cars. The method includes coating the surfaces of the parts of the internal cavity of the engine with a preservative liquid with a working preservative additive, while 2 wt. % of the additive consisting of a solution of carbamide in ammonium hydroxide in a ratio of 1:1 is applied to the oil that has worked in the engine, heated to 70-80°C, without draining it from the engine crankcase, then the engine is started and it runs for 20-30 minutes at 1100-1300 rpm, then the engine is stopped and the centrifuge is cleaned of impurities, then 2 liters of purified oil are drained from the engine, then 5 wt. % of rapeseed oil polymerized for 5-6 hours at a temperature of 90-100°C and 2 wt. % of gun grease is introduced into this volume of the drained oil, then the mixture is heated with stirring until the gun grease is completely dissolved, the resulting working-preservation additive is introduced into the engine crankcase, the engine is started and left to idle for 1-2 minutes.

EFFECT: increase in the protective efficiency of engines during off-season storage.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to methods for the conservation of engines and can be used for the conservation of the cylinder-piston group of diesel engines, for example, engines of combines, tractors, cars, repair shops, manufacturers, farms and organizations that periodically operate engines.

It is known that at the point of consumption, corrosion inhibitors are mixed with oils until a homogeneous mixture is formed. Usually, 10% AKOR-1 additives, 5-8% Slamine additives, 9-10% Mifol additives are introduced into motor oils for internal combustion engines, compressor and transmission oils, AKOR-1 additive is introduced into industrial and some hydraulic oils in an amount of 3 -5% (Handbook edited by V.M. Shkolnikov Fuels, lubricants, technical fluids. Range and application. M. Publishing Center "Techinform", 1999, 379 p.).

This method of preservation is costly, since expensive commercial oils and corrosion inhibitors are used.

A known method of conservation of internal combustion engines (technological map for the storage of the K-700 tractor in open equipped areas. M. GOSNITI, 1974), which consists in starting the engine with a nominal amount of oil poured into the crankcase, warming up the engine, adding a working-preservation additive to the oil and scroll the motor shaft for one to two minutes. When the engine is removed from storage, the working and conservation oil is drained from the engine crankcase sump into a separate container, allowed to settle and poured back into the engine.

When implementing this method of preserving the internal cavity of the engines, a high protective effect is not achieved, because during storage, contaminants present in used engine oil and added additives precipitate to the bottom of the crankcase, and also form deposits in the channels of the lubrication system.

Closest to the claimed is a method of preservation of internal combustion engines with a wet sump (ac. No. 1126631, MCP C23F 11/00 dated 30.11.84. Bull. No. 44) by coating the surfaces of parts of the internal cavity of the engine with a conservation liquid containing a mixture of oil with a working-preservative additive, which consists in starting the engine with a nominal amount of oil poured into the crankcase, warming up the engine, adding a working-preservative additive to the oil and scrolling the engine shaft for one to two minutes.

When implementing this method, there are disadvantages associated with the fact that the introduction of additives into the working mineral motor oil can cause them to precipitate. The oils used in the engine contain contaminants that can form deposits on the bottom of the crankcase and in the oil channels during storage of the equipment, which requires flushing the lubrication system when the engine is depreserved.

The use of commercial corrosion inhibitors is associated with high costs and technological difficulties in mixing them with working motor oils.

The objective of the invention is to increase the protective efficiency and reduce the cost of carrying out the engine conservation operation during the off-season storage period.

The task is achieved by the fact that the method of preservation of a diesel internal combustion engine, including coating the surfaces of parts of the internal cavity of the engine with a preservation liquid with a working preservation additive, according to the invention, into the oil that has worked in the engine, heated to 70-80 ° C, without draining it from the engine crankcase , make 2 wt. % of an additive consisting of a solution of urea in ammonium hydroxide in a ratio of 1: 1, then the engine is started and it runs for 20-30 minutes at 1100-1300 rpm, then the engine is stopped and the centrifuge is cleaned of contaminants, then 2 liters are drained from the engine purified oil, then 5 wt. % polymerized for 5-6 hours at a temperature of 90-100°C rapeseed oil and 2 wt. % of gun grease, then the mixture is heated with stirring until the gun grease is completely dissolved, the resulting working-preservative additive is added to the engine crankcase, the engine is started and left to idle for 1-2 minutes.

The mineral motor oil that worked in the engine by the time the equipment is put into storage, as a rule, has a reserve of operational properties and contains 20 ... 30% additives, including antioxidant and anti-corrosion additives. On the basis of which it is legitimate to assert that motor oil purified from impurities (resins, asphaltenes, products of combustion of fuel and oil) is a better base than industrial or any other oil for the preparation of working conservation oil. The introduction of a solution of carbamide in ammonium hydroxide into mineral motor oil makes it possible to coarsen the resins practically dissolved in the oil to a size of 20 ... 30 microns, which are easily removed by standard centrifuges of the oil purification system in an internal combustion engine. The process of coagulation, coarsening of oil contaminants and their removal is controlled using the paper chromatography method by applying a drop sample to filter paper and visually assessing the spot. A change in the color of the oil stain from black to yellow indicates the removal of almost all contaminants from the oil, incl. insoluble precipitate.

The polymerization process of rapeseed oil is carried out as follows. Rapeseed oil is filled into the container and it is heated to a temperature of 90…100°C. The oil is kept at this temperature for 5…6 hours. During polymerization, the kinematic viscosity of rapeseed oil changes from 6...7 mm ² /s to 15-16 mm ² /s.

Polymerized rapeseed oil is mixed with gun grease 2 wt. % and purified mineral motor oil at a heating temperature of motor oil and polymerized rapeseed oil of 90-100°C. Stirring is carried out for 10 ... 15 minutes until the gun grease is completely dissolved.

Polymerized rapeseed oil, as well as gun grease, are inhibitory additives in addition to the antioxidant, anti-corrosion additives present in refined used mineral motor oil, which increases the protective effect of the prepared conservation oil. The additional introduction of gun grease increases the overall kinematic viscosity of the working conservation oil to 17-18 mm ² /s.

The evaluation of the antiwear, anticorrosion properties of the oil and the preservation method was carried out in laboratory conditions and directly in the YaMZ-238 engine.

Under laboratory conditions, in the oil obtained by the proposed method of conservation, the protective ability was determined by dipping plates of St3 steel into the developed composition, the composition of the prototype, commercial oil M-10G ₂ and commercial oil K-17, followed by exposure of the plates for 6 months in ambient conditions with a temperate climate.

Table 1 presents the results of the assessment of the formation of traces of corrosion on the plates.

Analysis of the data obtained confirms the effectiveness of the developed preservation method and the resulting oil composition.

To evaluate the preservation method under operating conditions, a comparative analysis of the formation of corrosion lesions on the walls of cylinder liners by the known and proposed method was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the off-season storage period of the YaMZ-238 engines of the Don-1500 combine harvesters (table 2).

A comparative analysis showed that during the off-season period of storage of combine engines without the use of special methods and compositions for conservation (oil M-10G ₂ was present in the crankcase), traces of corrosion were formed on the walls of the cylinder liners over an area exceeding 15%. When applying the preservation method in accordance with the well-known and.with. No. the area of corrosion formation is reduced by more than 2 times. When using the developed conservation method, there were no traces of corrosion on the walls of the cylinder liners.

Claims (1)

A method for preserving a diesel internal combustion engine, which includes coating the surfaces of parts of the internal cavity of the engine with a preservation liquid with a working-preservation additive, characterized in that 2 wt. . % of an additive consisting of a solution of urea in ammonium hydroxide in a ratio of 1: 1, then the engine is started and it runs for 20-30 minutes at 1100-1300 rpm, then the engine is stopped and the centrifuge is cleaned of contaminants, then 2 liters are drained from the engine purified oil, then 5 wt. % polymerized for 5-6 hours at a temperature of 90-100°C rapeseed oil and 2 wt. % of gun grease, then the mixture is heated with stirring until the gun grease is completely dissolved, the resulting working-preservative additive is added to the engine crankcase, the engine is started and left to idle for 1-2 minutes.