RU2769035C1 - Missile munition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rocket equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of military equipment, namely to munition of surface-to-surface, surface-to-air, and air-to-air missiles, and can be used in the development of guided missiles, anti-ballistic missiles, and ballistic missiles. The high-explosive warhead of a directional missile comprises an electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay, contact and non-contact target sensors, a bursting charge, and safety and arming mechanisms installed thereon, wherein the detonators of said mechanisms are radially displaced relative to the axis of the charge. A three-coordinate all-angle multi-lobe optical or radio location near-location station is applied as a non-contact target position sensor. The detonators of the safety and arming mechanisms are connected into a multipoint initiation system configured to initiate all detonators of the safety and arming mechanisms according to a time cyclogram calculated by the electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay.

EFFECT: increase in the density of the field of striking elements and the launching velocity thereof in the direction of the target.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to the field of military technology, and in particular to the combat equipment of surface-to-ground, surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles, and can be used in the development of guided missiles, anti-missiles and ballistic missiles.

State of the art

The designs of high-explosive fragmentation warheads of missiles and control systems for these warheads are known:

- Karpenko A.V. Russian missile weapons 1943-1993, reference book, second edition, St. Petersburg, "PIKA", 1993, pp. 135, 145, 146;

- Russian air defense aviation and scientific and technological progress: Combat complexes and systems yesterday, today, tomorrow / ed. E.A. Fedosova, M., Drofa, 2001, pp. 214, 215, 282, 286-290;

- The invention "High-explosive fragmentation projectile (its variants)", RF patent 2018779, F42B 12/32, publication date: 08/30/1994;

- The invention "Guided missile" RF patent 2046281, F42B 12/10, publication date: 10/20/1995;

- The invention "High-explosive fragmentation warhead", RF patent 2247928, F42B 12/20, publication date: 06/23/2003;

- Patent US 5037040, F42B 12/10, publication date: 08/06/1991;

- Patent US 6978965, F42B 12/10, publication date: 12/27/2005.

The general disadvantages of these inventions, in our opinion, are:

- the inability to determine the magnitude, side and phase of a missile miss relative to the target;

- the inability to redistribute the energy of the high-explosive fragmentation field of destruction (control of the characteristics of the field of destruction) in the direction of the side of the span.

As prototypes of the invention, technical solutions proposed in the patents of the Russian Federation can be considered - the invention "High-explosive fragmentation warhead", patent No. RU 2301957 C1, publication date 06/27/2007 and the invention "High-explosive fragmentation warhead of directionally circular action", patent No. RU 2301958 C1, publication date 06/27/2007. Both patents solve the problem of parrying the noted shortcomings of analogues and differ only in the types of target position sensors for solving the problem of determining the side of the missile's miss relative to the target.

The technical solution proposed in the prototypes includes the use of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a directed-circular action, characterized by the presence of an explosive charge and an explosive device that includes safety-actuators, the end nodes (detonators) of which are radially displaced relative to the axis of the charge, a non-contact target position sensor, and also an electronic block for calculating the detonation delay time, equipped with a device that provides a command to operate the safety-actuator, the end assembly (detonator) of which is displaced to the side opposite to the side of the span, to initiate a bursting charge of explosive (BB). It is assumed that the number of target position sensor channels is a multiple of the number of safety actuators.

According to the developers of these technical solutions, the multi-channel non-contact target position sensor, which is part of the explosive device, registers the radiation entering the receiving units of each of the channels in the respective viewing sectors. When a signal from the target appears in the field of view, it is perceived by the corresponding channel of the non-contact target position sensor (NDC). This ensures the determination of the side of the span with discreteness in terms of the equatorial angle, determined by the width of the NDC channel coverage sector.

Upon receiving a target detection signal and registering the channel number of the target position sensor that received the signal reflected from the target, the device that calculates the response time delay calculates the detonation time delay based on the relative speed and meeting angle, after which it issues a command to operate the safety actuator, radially displaced relative to the axis of the charge in the direction opposite to the side of the span.

The use of a non-contact target position sensor that responds to the presence of a target signal allows, according to the authors of the prototype invention, to ensure that the fuse is triggered directly at a given point in space, thereby reducing fuse operation errors along the flight distance (along the X axis). Undermining the bursting explosive charge through the final node of the safety-actuating mechanism, displaced relative to the axis of the explosive charge towards the opposite side of the span, allows for the redistribution of the energy of the fragmentation and high-explosive damage fields towards the target.

Depending on the value of the equatorial angle of the sector corresponding to the channel of the target position sensor, the resulting increase in the energy of fragmentation and high-explosive damage fields can range from several percent to several tens of percent. An increase in the accuracy of operation and the energy of the defeat field (lethal action) will increase the effectiveness of the missile warhead (warhead).

The disadvantages of the prototype of the invention are:

- a significant decrease in the effectiveness of the use of the proposed combat equipment in surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles when firing at targets "on the parameter", which is usually 60-80% of the maximum firing range (see Air Defense Officer's Handbook, edited by G. V. Zimina - M, Military Publishing House, 1987);

- a low resulting increase in the energy of fragmentation and high-explosive damage fields.

These shortcomings reduce the effectiveness of firing surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles when firing at targets "on the parameter", especially at high-speed and ballistic targets, highly protected targets with penetrating or semi-penetrating combat equipment.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is:

- increasing the density of the field of striking elements and the speed of their throwing in the direction of the target due to the initiation of explosives by all detonators of the safety-actuating mechanism sequentially in time for the in-phase addition of detonation waves from each detonator of the safety-actuating mechanism similar to the front of the shock wave in the warhead of the cumulative action;

- ensuring the measurement and extrapolation with high accuracy of the flight path of the target in the coordinate system associated with the missile, the calculation of the module, side and phase of the missile's miss relative to the target and the calculation of the time of operation of the warhead to cover the target with a field of striking elements of maximum density.

A high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a directional missile contains an electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay, contact and non-contact target sensors, a bursting charge and safety actuators installed on it, the detonators of which are radially displaced relative to the charge axis. As a non-contact target position sensor, a three-coordinate all-aspect multi-leaf optical or short-range radar station is used. Detonators of safety actuators are connected to a multi-point initiation system, configured to initiate all detonators of safety actuators according to a time sequence calculated by an electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows an example of calculating the point of detonation of the warhead when firing a rocket "on the parameter".

The numbers indicate:

1 - Point of attachment of the flight path of target 1.

2 - Anchor point of the flight path of target 2.

3 - The point of giving the command to undermine the warhead on target 1.

4 - The point of giving the command to undermine the warhead on target 2.

5 - Meeting point of striking elements with target 1.

6 - Meeting point of striking elements with target 2.

7 - Spread of the moment of operation of the warhead from the module, side and phase of missile miss relative to the target.

8 - Missile miss ellipse relative to the target.

9 - Target flight speed.

10 - Rocket flight speed.

11 - The speed of the flight of striking elements.

Depending on the module fired under specific conditions, the side and phase of the missile miss relative to the target, the moments of issuing a command to fire the warhead to reliably cover the target with striking elements differ significantly. When implementing the conditions for increasing the density of the field of striking elements and the speed of their throwing in the direction of the target without an accurate calculation of the module, side and phase of the missile's miss relative to the target, the target of firing - hitting the target is not achieved.

In FIG. 2 shows a variant of the warhead design with a multipoint initiation system. The numbers indicate:

12 - Detonator of the safety-actuating mechanism.

13 - The shell of the warhead with striking elements.

14 - Safety-actuating mechanism.

15 - Explosive charge.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the distribution of projectile velocities (V, km/sec) implemented by the multipoint initiation system depending on the equatorial (α°) and meridional (ϕ°) angles in the coordinate system associated with the missile.

Implementation of the invention

The proposed high-explosive fragmentation warhead (Fig. 2) contains a warhead shell with striking elements (13) and a safety-actuator (14) with detonators (12) installed on it, as well as an explosive explosive charge (15). The detonators of the safety-actuating mechanism (12) are placed around the circumference of the explosive charge.

Explosive explosive charge (15) is detonated through all detonators of the safety-actuator (12), displaced relative to the axis of the explosive charge, according to the time sequence calculated by the electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay and providing the addition of detonation waves from each detonator of the safety-actuator (12 ) in the direction of the expected location of the target, which allows for the redistribution towards the target of a larger number of striking elements and to ensure their throwing at a higher speed compared to their expansion when the explosive is initiated by one detonator of the safety-actuator. The principle of operation of combat equipment is shown in Fig. one.

As NDC, a three-coordinate all-aspect multi-leaf optical or short-range radar station is used, which provides the construction of the target flight path in the coordinate system associated with the missile with an accuracy exceeding the linear dimensions of the area of expansion of the striking elements of the warhead (warhead) at the estimated meeting point of the field of striking elements and the target.

Explosive explosive charge is detonated through all detonators of the safety-actuating mechanism, displaced relative to the axis of the explosive charge according to the time sequence calculated by the electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay and providing the addition of detonation waves from each detonator in the direction of the expected target location, which allows redistribution to the side targets of a larger number of striking elements and ensure their throwing at a higher speed compared to their expansion when the explosive is initiated by one detonator.

The increase in the field density of the striking elements and the speed of their throwing in the direction of the target is carried out due to the addition of detonation waves in the mass of explosives from various detonators of the safety-actuator mechanism, caused by the difference in timing of the command for their operation, similar to the formation of the phase front of electromagnetic waves in a phased antenna array. The shape of the shock wave front is created similar to the shock wave front in the warhead of the cumulative action, which makes it possible to concentrate the field of striking elements in the direction of the target and increase the speed of their throwing.

To more accurately cover the target with a field of striking elements of maximum density in range and angular coordinates of the target, a three-coordinate all-aspect multi-blade optical or short-range radar station is used as a non-contact target position sensor, which provides the construction of the target flight path in the coordinate system associated with the missile and its extrapolation with accuracy, exceeding the linear dimensions of the expansion area of the striking elements of the warhead (WB) at the estimated meeting point of the field of striking elements and the target.

Claims (1)

A high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a directional missile containing an electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay, contact and non-contact target sensors, a bursting charge and safety actuators installed on it, the detonators of which are radially displaced relative to the charge axis, characterized in that as a non-contact sensor the position of the target, a three-coordinate all-angle multi-leaf optical or short-range radar station is used, the detonators of the safety-actuators are connected to a multi-point initiation system, made with the possibility of initiating all detonators of the safety-actuators according to the time sequence calculated by the electronic unit for calculating the detonation time delay.

Images