RU2763490C1 - Support for placing of equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ground construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of ground construction, in particular to the structures of supports and towers for placing equipment requiring high-rise fixing. The support for placing the equipment contains an outer hollow casing and an inner reinforcement formed of three or more pipes located symmetrically to the axis of the outer casing, while holes are made in the outer casing, the pipes of the inner reinforcement are interconnected by reinforcing elements, and in the place of the holes in the outer casing in the inner reinforcement, a rupture is made to ensure rigidity in the place of rupture with the help of stiffeners fixed between the reinforcing elements. The outer hollow body can have a circular or polyhedral cross-section and consist of several sections connected to each other by means of an internal or external flange connection. The pipes of the internal reinforcement can be connected to the inner surface of the hollow body by means of fixing elements, and in the place where the internal reinforcement is broken, the stiffeners can be additionally fixed to the inner surface of the outer body.

EFFECT: reducing the weight and size of the support structure for placing the equipment, while ensuring compliance with the requirements for the rigidity and bearing capacity of the support, including the places of technological breaks for the output of communications and equipment connection.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ground construction, in particular, to the structures of supports and towers for accommodating equipment requiring high-altitude fixing.

The structures of such structures are subject to special requirements for rigidity, resistance to wind and other loads, as well as technological requirements, which consist in the need to lay communications without weakening the structure. In addition, taking into account the placement of these structures, as a rule, within the city, it is necessary to ensure a minimum visual perception of vertical structures in dense urban areas, hidden laying of communications, the minimum area occupied by the structure, and other factors.

In such structures, hollow tubes of round or multifaceted cross section, made of metal, of large cross section and large thickness, are widely used to ensure the required rigidity and stability. To give greater rigidity, the internal cavity of such pipes is filled, as a rule, with cement mortar or other fillers. Such a design has a large weight and volume, requires complex installation technology, occupies a large area and stands out against the background of urban development, and also involves external placement of cables and other communications, which reduces the reliability of structures and worsens the appearance. Such structures are known, for example, from patent documents US8593370 Methods of modifying erect concealed antenna towers and associated modified towers and devices therefor (Methods for modifying erected concealed antenna towers and associated modified towers and devices for their implementation), published 10/11/2012, RU2613694 Mast, published 03/21/2017, WO2006005323 TUBULAR STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR THE MOUNTING THEREOF, published 01/19/2006.

It is also known to perform the construction of supports and towers from several pipes interconnected to create a single structure. For example, similar structures are disclosed in WO2018022307 INTEGRATED CELL SITE SECTOR, published 02/01/2018, ES2779499A1 Reinforcement of the tubular tower by means of a pyramidal truss structure with a triangular base with hollow tube main uprights Construction with triangular base with hollow tubular main racks), Published 08/17/2020, KR20150105099A Tower Module and Modular Windmill Tower Structure of Tower Module and Windmill Tower Structure of Tower Module (Tower Module and Modular Wind Tower Using Tower Module and Wind Tower USING A TOWER MODULE), published 09/16/2015. Such structures also involve outdoor placement of communications, which reduces reliability, worsens the appearance, and also enhances the perception of wind loads by the structure, which can lead to a deterioration in the stability of the structure and disruption of the technological equipment placed on them, for example, wireless antennas.

As the closest analogue, the design according to the patent JP4324977B1 "LOAD-CARRYING MATERIAL (LOAD-CARRYING MATERIAL)", publication date 10/29/2009, was chosen. In the well-known design, the support includes an outer hollow body, inside which is placed an internal reinforcement formed from a plurality of inner pipes. A filler, such as a cement-based filler or a foaming material such as expanded polystyrene, is used to position the inner pipes in the outer pipe. Known design is designed to form load-bearing structures for avalanche retention, rockfall resistance and other similar impacts. It does not provide for the placement of equipment and communications on it, especially inside the outer pipe, and the main requirement for it is resistance to destruction during transverse impact. This design requires significant material costs, is difficult to manufacture and is not suitable for use in urban areas.

In contrast to the well-known design, the claimed technical solution contains positioning means made in the form of reinforcing elements, the outer casing is made with holes for the output of communications, and the places for the output of communications are additionally reinforced with stiffeners.

The technical result consists in reducing the weight and size of the support structure for equipment placement, while ensuring compliance with the requirements for the rigidity and bearing capacity of the support, including the places of technological gaps for the output of communications and equipment connection.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that in the support for accommodating equipment, which contains an outer hollow body and an internal reinforcement formed from three or more pipes arranged symmetrically to the axis of the outer body, holes are made in the outer body, the pipes of the internal reinforcement are interconnected by reinforcing elements, and in the place of the holes of the outer body in the internal reinforcement, a gap is made with the provision of rigidity in the place of the gap with the help of stiffening ribs fixed between the reinforcing elements. The outer hollow body can have a round or polyhedral section and consist of several sections interconnected by means of an internal or external flange connection. Pipes of internal reinforcement can be connected to the inner surface of the hollow body by means of fixing elements, and in the place where the internal reinforcement is broken, the stiffening ribs can be additionally fixed to the inner surface of the outer body.

The technical solution is explained further with the help of figures, which conditionally represent one of the possible embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a support fragment.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along line A-A in Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section along line B-B in Fig. 1

Figure 4 is a general view of a fragment of the internal reinforcement at the break.

The figures indicate: 1 - outer case, 2 - pipes of internal reinforcement, 3 - hole in the outer case, 4 - reinforcing element, 5 - stiffeners.

The design of the support for placing the equipment and embodiments of the claimed technical solution are described below with reference to the figures. However, it should be understood that the described embodiments are provided solely as examples, which may be implemented in various forms. The figures are not necessarily drawn to scale, and some features may be enlarged or reduced to show details of particular elements. The specific design and functional features set forth in the present description cannot be construed as limiting, and are given only as an illustrative example for the understanding of a person skilled in the art of options for a possible implementation of the disclosed essence of a technical solution.

The outer hollow body (1) of the support can be made, in particular, from metal pipes of round or polyhedral cross section. Round pipes can be, for example, seamless hot-formed steel or longitudinally welded electric. Polyhedral pipes of the outer casing (1) can be obtained, for example, by cutting and bending a steel sheet, forming a structure of the same diameter over the entire height or with a decrease in diameter in the upper part. The pipes (2) of the internal reinforcement may be, for example, seamless steel or longitudinally electro-welded. It is possible to make pipes (2) of internal reinforcement both round in cross section and other shapes, in particular, triangular.

To evenly distribute the load, ensure the bearing capacity and rigidity of the structure, the pipes (2) of the internal reinforcement are located symmetrically to the axis of the outer casing (1). For positioning pipes (2) of internal reinforcement, their secure fastening inside the housing (1) and uniform load transfer, the pipes (2) of internal reinforcement are interconnected by reinforcing elements (4), for example, by means of a welded joint. Additionally, pipes (2) of internal reinforcement can be fixed, for example, by means of a welded joint to the inner surface of the outer casing (1) using fixing elements made, in particular, in the form of electric rivets with a given pitch.

The reinforcing element (4) is preferably a metal plate of such a shape that allows the positioning of the tubes (2) of the internal reinforcement inside the outer casing (1). For example, as shown in Fig.2-4, the plate of the reinforcing element (4) has a shape that repeats the shape and dimensions of the inner section of the outer casing (1) and recesses located essentially radially at equal distances from each other and having a shape corresponding to outer diameter of pipes (2). However, another design of the reinforcing element (4) is also possible, for example, it can be made in the form of a plate with a hole in the middle for placing pipes (2) of internal reinforcement. The hole can be triangular, square and other shapes, corresponding to the number and shape of pipes (2) of internal reinforcement, and also have rounded corners.

The outer casing (1) has at least one opening (3) for communications output and equipment connection. As a rule, the hole (3) is located in the upper part of the outer casing (1). But the support may contain a hole (3) in the lower part for cables and other communications inside the support. With a symmetrical arrangement of equipment on several sides of the support, it is possible to make several holes (3), preferably located symmetrically, for the output of communications from each side.

In the place where the hole (3) of the outer casing (1) is located, the pipes (2) of the internal reinforcement are broken, so that each section of the internal reinforcement forms a section bounded by reinforcing elements (4), preferably from two sides. This allows you to place communications inside the pipes (2) of the internal reinforcement. This placement does not require additional holes in the reinforcing elements (4) for conducting communications inside the outer casing (1), which facilitates the process of installing the structure and equipment, and maintains the load-bearing capacity of the structure.

To ensure rigidity, stiffening ribs (5) are installed at the point of rupture of pipes (2) of internal reinforcement. For the purposes of the claimed technical solution, stiffeners should be understood as such a structural element that increases its resistance to loads and deformations when subjected to a bending moment. The stiffeners (5) can be made, for example, in the form of radially oriented metal plates or corners fixed between the extreme reinforcing elements (4) of each section of the internal reinforcement, in particular, by means of a welded joint. Additionally, stiffening ribs (5) can be fixed to the inner surface of the outer casing (1), for example, by means of a welded joint.

The support structure may consist of several sections of the outer casing (1) interconnected by means of a flange connection. Preferably, to reduce the perception of wind loads, the flange connection is made internal, but an external flange connection is also possible.

An exemplary embodiment of the claimed technical solution is set forth below with reference to the figures.

The outer casing (1) of the support is made of seamless steel pipe. In particular, for a pole with a height of up to 20 meters for placement in the 3rd wind region, the diameter of the pipe of the outer casing (1) is 325 mm. In the manufacture of the outer casing (1) from several sections, an internal flange connection is preferably used to connect the sections. The inner flanges are connected to the inner surface of the outer casing (1) with stiffening ribs (gussets). Holes (3) are made in the outer case (1) to bring communications inside the support and lead to the equipment.

The internal reinforcement is made from three pipes (2) of electric-welded straight-seam pipes, 108 mm in diameter, interconnected by reinforcing elements (4) with a given pitch, which is selected based on the height of the support and the parameters of the equipment to be placed. According to the results of calculations, for a support height of up to 20 meters, the step of placing reinforcing elements (4) is 900 mm. In places that correspond to the holes (3) of the outer casing (1), pipes (2) are broken in the internal reinforcement, end reinforcing elements (4) are installed and rigidity is provided at the break point using stiffening ribs (5) fixed between the end reinforcing elements (4).

An internal reinforcement is installed inside the outer casing (1) and, if necessary, the pipes (2) of the internal reinforcement are additionally fixed to the outer casing (1) with fixing elements, in particular, using electric rivets with a pitch of 800-1000 mm, the pitch is calculated and selected based on from the length of the support. Additionally, the stiffening ribs (5) at the location of the holes (3) on the outer casing (1) can be fixed to the inner surface of the outer casing (1) by means of a welded joint.

Pipes (2) of internal reinforcement, while ensuring the rigidity of the entire structure, provide internal laying of communications for process equipment that will be placed on the support. At the same time, at the place where the holes (3) are made in the outer casing (1), the rigidity of the structure is maintained.

The finished structure of the support is installed on the foundation, for example, by fixing it to the base section cemented in the foundation slab. Fastening to the base section can also be done with a flange connection, both external and internal. Equipment is placed on the installed support, for example, antennas, cameras, sounders, control sensors, etc., connecting it to the communications carried inside the pipes (2) and brought out through the holes (3) of the outer casing.

Placing communications inside the support allows you to reduce the risk of damage as a result of external influences or vandalism. In addition, the outer surface of the pole does not require any external elements to secure communications, which reduces the wind effect on the pole. The described design of the support is characterized by high rigidity and resistance to wind loads.

The main share (95%) of the design stresses in such structures arises from the impact of a bending moment caused by horizontal wind loads. Calculations of various structures were carried out, for different placement conditions and different wind regions, as a result of which it was found that the area occupied by the support is reduced due to the possibility of using supports of a smaller diameter for the required parameters of the bearing capacity of the support, and the material consumption is reduced. Theoretical calculations were confirmed by a number of experiments, during which it was established that the characteristics of the support corresponded to the requirements specified in the regulatory documents for the III wind region with a snow cover value of 240 kg/m2. Based on the results of the tests, it was found that the stresses in the controlled section of the support corresponded to the expected design values. The results of the tests performed showed that the bearing capacity of the support is sufficient to absorb the design horizontal loads. The horizontal movement of the upper support point under maximum load did not exceed 312 mm.

This solution also allows to significantly improve the visual perception of vertical structures in dense urban areas, associated with a general reduction in diameter. The support does not create a cumbersome visual impact, incomparable with other objects of engineering urban infrastructure.

Claims (7)

1. A support for placing equipment, containing an outer hollow body, inside of which there is an internal reinforcement formed from three or more pipes arranged symmetrically to the axis of the outer case, characterized in that a hole is made in the outer case, the pipes of the internal reinforcement are interconnected by reinforcing elements, and in the place of the opening of the outer casing in the internal reinforcement, a gap is made with the provision of rigidity in the place of the gap with the help of stiffening ribs fixed between the reinforcing elements. 2. Support for placing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer hollow body has a circular cross section. 3. Support for placing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer hollow body has a multifaceted cross section. 4. A support for placing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer hollow body consists of several sections interconnected by means of a flange connection. 5. A support for placing equipment according to claims 1, 4, characterized in that the outer hollow body consists of several sections connected to each other by means of an internal flange connection. 6. A support for placing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipes of internal reinforcement are connected to the inner surface of the outer hollow body by means of locking elements. 7. The support for placing the equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the point of breaking the internal reinforcement, the stiffening ribs are fixed to the inner surface of the outer casing.

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