RU2755940C1 - Method for sampling liquid from a pipeline and a device for sampling liquid from a pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pipeline liquid sampling.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the technology and technique for sampling liquid from a pipeline and can find application in the oil production and other industries. The method for sampling liquid from the pipeline (2) by the sampling element (1) includes preliminary mixing of the flow by cyclonic hydrodynamic action using a sampling device. The device for sampling liquid from the pipeline (2) contains a mixer and a sampling element (1) installed in series with the orientation of the inlet opening towards the flow. The mixer is made of bonded, coaxially arranged inlet section (6) and outer (3) and inner (4) cylindrical housings, concentrically inserted into each other with a radial gap. The inlet section (6) of the mixer is made with a central hole passing into a smooth annular diffuser (7) with an opening angle θd= 75…100°. A drain funnel (8) is fixed to the lower part of the outer housing (3). The inner housing (4) is made with an impenetrable rounded entrance section, and in the walls of this housing, holes (5) are made in transverse planes, the axes of which are deviated from the radial direction or have a tangential arrangement.EFFECT: group of inventions increases the representativeness of the sampled multiphase liquid from the pipeline and the accuracy of determining its composition, as well as increases the resource of reliable operation of the mixer and the sampling element.5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technology and techniques for sampling fluid from a pipeline and can be used in oil and other industries.

When developing a productive oil reservoir, oil, water and associated gas are present in the well production, as well as chloride salts and various fine mechanical impurities in the solid phase (solid hydrocarbons, mineral particles, etc.). The composition of the produced multiphase fluid for each well is unique and requires constant monitoring, since the concentration of each component can change over time, which, in turn, disturbs the stability of the physical properties and the flow regime of the oil-water-gas flow.

There is a known method of sampling a liquid from a pipeline, in which a sampling element is placed in a pipeline from one sampling tube with a bent end, which is located on the pipeline axis with an inlet towards the flow; sampling is proportional to the flow rate of the pipeline, at which the sampling rate is at least half and not more than double the average flow rate of the pipeline (see Method of sampling liquid from the pipeline. / GOST 2517-85. p. 2.13.1.3. 2.13.1.7).

A device for implementing this method is known, including a sampling element in the form of one sampling tube with a bent end, which is installed on the axis of the pipeline with an inlet facing the flow (see Device for sampling liquid from a pipeline. / GOST 2517-85, p. 2.13.1.7 , fig. 14).

In the presence of free gas in the liquid flow, the well-known sampling technology and technique does not provide a high representativeness of the sample.

A known method of intensifying convective heat exchange of the input edges of the blades of high-temperature gas turbines using cyclonic cooling (see the monograph "Heat transfer and hydrodynamics during cyclonic cooling of gas turbine blades" / Khalatov A.A., Romanov V.V., Borisov I.I., Dashevsky Yu.Ya., Severin S.D. / Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. - Kiev. - 2010. - 317 p.), Where it is shown that a cyclonic process can occur only in a hollow cylinder (see in the indicated monograph Fig. 2.1 , 2.6, 2.8, 2.13, 2.23, 2.31, etc.), in which a central tornado-like vortex is organized, performing a rotational motion, when cooling air is supplied to it through tangential channels made in the blade body. The emergence of the cyclonic process contributes to a significant increase in the peripheral speed in the radial cylindrical channel made in the leading edge of the turbine blade, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of its cooling due to a fourfold increase in heat transfer.

However, during cyclonic cooling, a tornado-like vortex, repeatedly passing in rotational motion near the cooled inner wall of the entrance edge of the blade, effectively mixes the cooling air, but leads to a decrease in its cold storage due to an increase in the time of exposure to the inner wall of the entrance edge and, as a insufficient cooling of the turbine blades.

Known device for implementing this method, made in the form of a cooled blade of a turbomachine (see RF Patent No. 2117768, IPC F01D 5/18, publ. 08/20/1998), containing a feather with a central cavity and a radial channel in the area of the input edge and reported alternating along height of the inlet and outlet channels with the central cavity and the outer surface of the convex part of the feather, and the outlet channels are made tangential relative to the radial channel, characterized in that the inlet channels are tangential relative to the radial channel and directed along the inner surface of the concave part of the feather, and the ratio of the and input channels are selected in the range 4.2> F _output / F _input > 1.7.

The presence of inlet and outlet channels alternating along the height of the blade airfoil, made tangentially relative to the radial channel in the leading edge, makes it possible to organize several zones of cyclonic movement with the formation of tornado-like vortices along the entire length of the radial channel, which ensures intensive and uniform mixing of the cooling air while maintaining its sufficient cold storage in the entire height of the feather of the scapula. At the same time, the cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet channels should not be clogged with small solid particles (dust, sand) entering the cooling air taken from the compressor of an aircraft engine during its operation. A possible solution to this problem is to increase the diameter of the inlet and outlet channels, which in turn leads to an increase in the consumption of cooling air and a decrease in the efficiency of the compressor.

A known method of sampling liquid from a pipeline (see RF Patent No. 2215277, IPC G01N 1/10, publ. 27.10.2003, bull. No. 30) is the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention and taken as a prototype, in which placement is carried out in sampling pipeline and sampling is carried out; before sampling, the mixing of the flow in the cross-section of the pipeline is combined with the mixing of the flow along the pipeline. In the process of mixing the multiphase flow in the cross section of the pipeline, it is possible to ensure a uniform distribution of associated gas and reduce its concentration, at the same time, under the influence of mass forces, settling of solid particles on the pipeline walls occurs in the form of a sediment of solid particles, which disrupts the hydrodynamics of the flow and reduces the intensity of its mixing, reduces the accuracy sampling and ensuring its representativeness.

Known device for sampling liquid from the pipeline (see RF Patent No. 2215277, IPC G01N 1/10, publ. 27.10.2003, bull. No. 30) for the implementation of this method, the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention and taken as a prototype containing a sampling element installed on the pipeline with the orientation of the inlet towards the flow; a mixer is installed on the pipeline in front of the sampling element, made of a perforated pipe located coaxially with the pipeline, made docked with a block of transversely tapering and expanding sections. The use of a perforated pipe with rather small holes in the mixer, a system of converging-diffuser channels formed inside the block of transversely narrowing and expanding sections, solves the problem of uniform distribution of associated gas and a decrease in its concentration at the inlet to the sampling element.

However, in a mixer of this design, there are areas where, in a turbulent flow regime, precipitation of solid particles is formed, which violates the hydrodynamics of the multiphase flow and reduces the efficiency of the mixing process. These areas include: sufficiently small holes in the perforated pipe; a section of the annular cavity between the pipeline and the perforated pipe at the point where it joins with a block of transversely tapering and expanding sections; the joints of the transversely narrowing and expanding sections, inside the block that is part of the mixer.

In the presence of various small mechanical impurities in the solid phase in the liquid flow, the known technology and sampling technique do not provide a high sample representativeness and do not eliminate the tendency to clog the mixer hydrodynamic path. In addition, the manufacture of a block of transversely tapering and expanding mixer sections requires a more complicated manufacturing technology and, as a consequence, an increase in the cost of this device.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to increase the representativeness of the sample when it is taken by the sampling element and the elimination of contamination in the form of precipitation of solid particles on the working surfaces of the pipeline.

The technical result to be achieved by the present invention is to increase the intensity of mixing of the components that make up the liquid, and the accuracy of determining its composition when sampling and performing hydrodynamic cleaning from contamination of the working surface of the pipeline before sampling.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of sampling a liquid from a pipeline by a sampling element from a premixed flow, the new is that the process of mixing the flow is carried out by means of a cyclonic hydrodynamic effect on the flow.

Before sampling, hydrodynamic cleaning is carried out from contamination of the working surfaces of the pipeline.

Thus, the implementation of the above operations allows, during sampling, not only to ensure a uniform distribution of gas in the flow, reduce its concentration and reduce dispersion per unit volume of the flow, but also prevents the deposition of solid particles on the working surface of the pipeline as a result of its hydrodynamic cleaning before sampling. This contributes to the proportional sampling and obtaining its higher representativeness in comparison with the prototype method.

To achieve the technical result in the implementation of the proposed method, a device is used containing a sampling element installed on the pipeline with the orientation of the inlet towards the flow, a mixer is installed in the pipeline in front of the sampling element in the pipeline for mixing the flow, new is that the mixer is made of fastened, coaxially located inlet section and outer and inner cylindrical bodies, concentrically inserted into each other with a radial gap, the inlet section of the mixer is made with a central hole passing into a smooth annular diffuser, and a drain funnel is fixed to the bottom of the outer body, the inner body is made with an impenetrable rounded inlet section, and holes are made in the walls of the inner body in uniformly alternating transverse planes, the axes of which are deviated from the radial direction or have a tangential arrangement.

The opening angle of a smooth annular diffuser in the inlet section of the mixer is θd = 75 ... 100 °.

The cross-sectional area at the outlet of the smooth annular diffuser in the inlet section of the mixer is greater than the total area of all openings F _d > ΣF _{ot i} made in the walls of the inner mixer body.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a pipeline with a liquid sampling device installed therein.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-section AA of the mixer with the supply of liquid to it through the holes, the axes of which are deviated from the radial direction.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-section BB of the mixer with the supply of liquid to it through the holes, the axes of which have a tangential arrangement.

Where:

1 - sampling element installed vertically with an inlet facing the flow;

2 - pipeline;

3 - outer cylindrical body of the mixer;

4 - inner cylindrical body of the mixer;

5 - holes in the inner cylindrical body of the mixer;

6 - inlet section of the mixer;

7 - annular diffuser;

8 - drain funnel;

9 - sampling valve;

10 - valve for hydrodynamic cleaning of the mixer;

d is the diameter of the holes in the inner cylindrical body of the mixer;

t is the step between the rows of holes made in the cross-sectional planes in the axial direction;

θ _d - opening angle of the annular diffuser;

– направление движения потока жидкости.

- the direction of movement of the fluid flow.

The method of sampling liquid from the pipeline is carried out as follows. In the pipeline 2 (see Fig. 1), through which the liquid is pumped, a mixer is sequentially installed for mixing it and the sampling element 1.

The flow of liquid, flowing into the mixer, enters the cavity between the cylindrical outer 3 and inner 4 housings, mounted concentrically relative to each other with a radial gap and fastened together. The pipeline 2 is rigidly connected to the outer cylindrical body 3 by means of the inlet section 6 of the mixer, in which a central hole is made, which turns into a smooth annular diffuser 7. All these elements are located coaxially. When the flow passes through the smooth annular diffuser 7, the static pressure increases at the inlet to the mixer (see I.E. Idelchik's work, Handbook of hydraulic resistances / Edited by M.O.Steinberg. - 3rd ed., Revised and add. - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1992 .-- 672 p.). To reduce hydraulic losses and form a diffuser inlet into the cavity between the outer 3 and the inner 4 housings located concentrically relative to each other, the inlet portion of the inner housing 4 is rounded with an impermeable wall. Liquid from the cavity between the outer 3 and the inner 4 bodies through holes 5 made in the cross-sectional planes of the inner body 3 and evenly spaced along its length enters the mixer, forming rotating tornado-like vortices, forming a cyclonic movement, effectively mixing the liquid throughout the mixer volume and the pipeline 2 docked with it, where the sampling element 1 is installed, with the help of which a sample is taken for its analysis when the valve 9 is open.

To remove contaminants from the working surfaces of the pipeline, it is hydrodynamically cleaned before sampling. For this purpose, a drain funnel 8 is used, which is attached to the lower part of the outer casing 3 of the mixer. The removal of contaminants is carried out with the valve 10 open, which is closed after the completion of this operation. The contaminated liquid is collected in a container (not shown in the drawing) for subsequent disposal.

The proposed invention allows for a more accurate quantitative and qualitative accounting of the liquid pumped through the pipeline and extends the service life of the sampling element 1 due to the hydrodynamic cleaning of the working surfaces of the mixer installed on the pipeline 2.

A device for implementing the proposed method for sampling a liquid from a pipeline works in the following way. The flow of liquid (the direction of movement is shown by arrows in Fig. 1) through the pipeline 2 enters the mixer installed in the pipeline 2 in front of the sampling element 1, installed on the pipeline and having the orientation of the inlet towards the flow. The mixer is made of coaxially located inlet section 6 and outer 3 and inner 4 cylindrical bodies, concentrically inserted into each other with a radial gap. Pipeline 2, the inlet section of the mixer 6 and its outer 3 and inner 4 bodies are fastened together. The liquid enters the mixer through its inlet section 6, which has a central hole that turns into a smooth annular diffuser 7. When the flow passes through the smooth annular diffuser 7, the static pressure of the liquid flow increases and the annular cavity between the outer 3 and the inner 4 bodies of the mixer is filled. The inlet section of the inner mixer body 4 is rounded with an impermeable wall to form a diffuser channel at the entrance to the annular cavity between the outer 3 and inner 4 mixer bodies. The smooth outline of the walls of this diffuser channel with the value of the opening angle θ _d = 75 ... 100 ° makes it possible to ensure the permissible level of hydraulic losses at the mixer inlet when the flow is moving.

From the annular cavity between the outer 3 and inner 4 housings of the mixer, the liquid flows through the holes 5 made in the walls of the inner housing 4 in evenly spaced cross-sectional planes to the inside of the mixer. The axes of the holes 5 are deviated from the radial direction (Fig. 2) or have a tangential arrangement (Fig. 3), which contributes to the occurrence of a cyclonic vortex movement of the liquid inside the inner housing 4 of the mixer. The diameter d and the number of holes 5, as well as the pitch in the axial direction t between them depend on the operating conditions and the composition of the liquid and are selected individually with the obligatory observance of the condition - the cross-sectional area at the outlet of the smooth annular diffuser 7 of the inlet section 6 of the mixer is greater than the total area of all holes 5, made in the walls of the inner housing 4 of the mixer F _d > ΣF _otvi . When this condition is met, the optimal nature of the multiphase fluid flow process in the mixer hydraulic path with an acceptable level of hydraulic losses is ensured.

Under the action of the cyclonic movement in the mixer, there is effective mixing throughout its volume of the liquid entering the pipeline 2 (Fig. 1) for sampling in the sampling element 1, which occurs when the valve 9 is open, and its subsequent analysis.

When the liquid moves in the annular cavity between the outer 3 and the inner 4 housings of the mixer, impurities can form in the form of deposits of various fine mechanical impurities in the solid phase, which violate the hydrodynamics of the multiphase flow and reduce the efficiency of the mixing process. To remove these contaminants, before sampling, the mixer is hydrodynamically cleaned through the drain funnel 8, fixed on the lower part of the outer casing 3 of the mixer. Since the process of formation of sediments contaminating the working surfaces of the mixer takes a long time, the hydrodynamic cleaning of the mixer is carried out periodically. To do this, open the valve 10 and spill the mixer, removing the contaminated liquid into a special container (not shown in the drawing). After that, the contaminated liquid is disposed of.

Thus, the proposed invention will improve the efficiency and quality of mixing the components of the multiphase liquid in the mixer installed in the pipeline in front of the sampling element, which will increase the representativeness of the sample during its selection and analysis. The use of hydrodynamic cleaning of the mixer from impurities in the form of precipitation of solid particles from the stream before sampling preserves the efficiency of the mixing process and increases the service life of the mixer and the sampling element.

Claims (5)

1. A device for sampling a liquid from a pipeline, containing a sampling element installed on the pipeline with an orientation of the inlet towards the flow, a mixer for mixing the flow is installed in front of the sampling element in the pipeline, characterized in that the mixer is made of fastened, coaxially located inlet section and an external and inner cylindrical bodies, concentrically inserted into each other with a radial gap, the inlet section of the mixer is made with a central hole passing into a smooth annular diffuser, and a drain funnel is fixed to the bottom of the outer body, the inner body is made with an impermeable rounded inlet section, and in the walls of the inner body in uniformly alternating transverse planes, holes are made, the axes of which are deviated from the radial direction or have a tangential arrangement. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening angle of the smooth annular diffuser in the inlet section of the mixer is θd = 75 ... 100 °. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area at the outlet of the smooth annular diffuser in the inlet section of the mixer is greater than the total area of all openings Fd> ∑F _otvi made in the walls of the inner mixer housing. 4. A method of sampling a liquid from a pipeline by a sampling element from a premixed flow, characterized in that the process of mixing the flow is carried out by means of a cyclonic hydrodynamic effect on the flow by means of the device according to claim 1. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that before sampling, hydrodynamic cleaning of the pipeline working surfaces from contamination is carried out.

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