RU2753293C1 - Anti-aerosol gas mask (respirator) with additional purification of exhaled air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: life-saving.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to face masks (gas masks and respirators) providing anti-aerosol protection of the respiratory and visual organs from various aerosols, including viruses and bacteria. The filter installed on the inspiratory line is additionally used for purification from biological aerosols along the expiratory line. A gas mask or respirator consisting of a mask, a filter installed on the inspiratory line, and a filter installed on the expiratory line, wherein the inspiratory and expiratory filters are combined into a single filter.

EFFECT: increased safety of the user and surrounding people.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to face masks (gas masks and respirators) that provide aerosol protection of the respiratory and visual organs from various aerosols, including viruses and bacteria.

The invention can be used in industry for the protection of the respiratory system and eyesight working from various aerosols, including viruses and bacteria, and additional protection of people around from the possibility of infection with aerosol secretions from the respiratory tract of the worker.

The invention can also be used in medicine to protect the respiratory and vision organs of medical personnel and patients (including those infected), as well as the people around them from possible infection.

People working in contaminated environments often wear face masks to protect against airborne aerosols (including viruses and bacteria).

Known is the invention of a medical protective mask with an adjustable size, patent RU 2654400 C1 dated April 17, 2017, and the invention of a filtering half mask for protection against aerosols and dust, patent RU 2550329 dated July 5, 2013.

Also known filtering half masks "KAMA-200", series L-200 and series L-200R (https://protivogaz.ru/product/kama_200), as well as medical disposable masks "Uralets-N" manufactured by JSC "Sorbent" (https : //protivogaz.ru/product/maska-meditsinskaya-odnorazovaya-uralets-n/).

The main disadvantage of these inventions and commercially available products is a high suction coefficient along the obturation strip (for these types of masks it is from 5 to 25%), associated with the design features of these types of masks, and therefore full protection of the user and others from various aerosols (in including microbiological) cannot be provided.

In addition, various commercially available masks (gas masks and respirators) are known to provide aerosol protection to the wearer:

1. Filtering gas masks UNIX 6100, UNIX 5100, UNIX 5000 series DOT, produced by AO Sorbent (https://protivogaz.ru/product/protivogaz_filtruyushchiy_unix_6100);

2. Respirators UNIX 1100, UNIX 1000, RPG-67, manufactured by AO Sorbent (https://protivogaz.ru/product/respirator_filtruyushchiy_unix_1100).

Due to their design features, the above products have a very high degree of protection of the user from various aerosols (including microbiological ones). Suction coefficient along the obturation strip:

- for gas masks and masks does not exceed 0.05%;

- for half masks and respirators does not exceed 2%.

The disadvantage of all of the above products is that the exhaled air directly enters the environment from the inner space of the mask (gas mask or respirator), bypassing the filter. In the presence of biological aerosols in the exhaled air (in case of infection of the user), it is possible to infect the surrounding people with various diseases.

The closest solution to the proposed invention is the invention according to US patent 6,584,976 B2. This patent describes a full face mask and respirator which additionally has a filter element on the exhalation line. The disadvantage of this invention is the presence of two separate filters installed on the line of inhalation and exhalation.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a mask with a simplified design that provides high anti-aerosol protection not only for the wearer, but also for the protection of the surrounding people from biological aerosols emitted by the wearer.

The problem is solved by the fact that the filter installed on the inspiratory line is additionally used for cleaning biological aerosols along the expiratory line. Thus, the problem is solved by the design of a gas mask (respirator), consisting of a mask, a filter installed on the inhalation line and a filter installed on the exhalation line, inhalation and / or exhalation valves (or without them), characterized in that the inhalation and exhalation filters are combined into one filter.

Also, the problem is solved by the fact that a heat-moisture exchanger (heat-moisture exchange filter) is installed in front of the combined inhalation and exhalation filter.

The technical result is to increase the safety of the user and those around him.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

Figures 1, 2, 3 show schematic diagrams of full-face masks and respirators that provide a solution to the problem, in which 1 is an inhalation valve; 2 - exhalation valve; 3 - heat and moisture exchanger; 4 - combined inhalation / exhalation filter; 5 - gas mask (respirator).

The work of gas masks (Fig. 1, 2) and respirator (Fig. 3) is carried out as follows. When inhaling, ambient air with harmful (including microbiological) aerosols passes through the combined inhalation / exhalation filter 4, heat-moisture exchanger 3, inhalation valve 1 (which can be located both in the valve box body and on the mask body), if any (Fig. 1) or in their absence (Figs. 2, 3) directly enters the human lungs. At the same time, passing through the combined inhalation / exhalation filter 4, the air is cleaned of harmful (including microbiological) aerosols of the ambient air, and is additionally humidified and heated in a heat-moisture heat exchanger 3.

When you exhale, air, with the possible presence of microbiological aerosols, (in the presence of diseases in humans) through the exhalation valve 2 (Fig. 1) or directly (Figs. 2, 3) enters the heat and moisture exchanger 3, which accumulates some of the heat and moisture of the exhaled air for subsequent their return to the inhaled air in the inspiratory phase. After that, the exhaled air enters the combined inhalation / exhalation filter 4, where microbiological aerosols are removed from the exhaled air.

Thus, the above gas masks and a respirator provide protection for both the user and the people around him from harmful (including microbiological) aerosols. The claimed invention is applied in the production of respirators of JSC "ΚΑΜΠΟ".

Claims (2)

1. A gas mask or respirator consisting of a mask, a filter installed on the inhalation line, and a filter installed on the exhalation line, characterized in that the inhalation and exhalation filters are combined into one filter. 2. A gas mask or respirator according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat and moisture exchanger is installed in front of the combined inhalation and exhalation filter.

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