RU2745063C1 - Universal liquid lubricant "technofrost tf-1" for protection against icing of electrical equipment and mechanical part of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of contact system of railway - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to plastic (liquid) greases of deep penetration intended for protection against electric equipment icing (current collectors, conductive lines, insulators etc.), mechanical part of electric locomotives and constant (alternating) current electric trains, rolling stock rolling stock (ICE), including high-speed and high-speed traffic, and other railway rolling stock, as well as wire of railway contact system. Universal lubricant for protection against icing of electrical equipment and mechanical part of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of contact system of railway line contains oil dehydrated solvent, lanolin anhydrous, film-forming inhibiting oil composition, in the following quantitative ratio, wt%: oil deodorised solvent - 64-66; anhydrous lanoline - 20-22 and a film-forming inhibiting oil composition - the rest up to 100%.

EFFECT: technical task of the invention is to increase the surface protection against icing in the case of vitreous glazed ice with duration of the protection effect for more than eighty days.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to deep penetration liquid lubricants intended for protection against icing of electrical equipment (pantographs, current-carrying tires, insulators, etc.), the mechanical part of electric locomotives and electric trains of direct (alternating) current, multi-unit rolling stock (EVPS), including high-speed and high-speed movement , and other railway rolling stock, as well as wires of the contact network of the railway.

Universal liquid lubricant TECHNOFROST TF-1 prevents the formation of ice on metal, brass, aluminum, chrome-plated, ceramic and other surfaces through deep penetration and the formation of a polymer film during drying, which prevents the formation of moisture and ice adhesion, reduces wear of rubbing surfaces and protects metal surfaces from corrosion.

Universal liquid lubricant TECHNOFROST TF-1 is efficient at temperatures from minus 60 to plus 50 ° С.

Icing and adhesion of snow on pantographs, busbars, insulators, on car bodies and mechanical parts of undercarriage and underbody equipment of railway rolling stock, as well as on the wires of the railway contact network, leads to violations of the safety of the movement of electric trains and their delays.

This problem is especially relevant for high-speed and high-speed rolling stock, during the movement of which there is a significant wind packing of snow, ice formation under conditions of intense glassy ice, an ice ring formed around the protected long rod of the current collector, current-carrying buses, insulators or wires of the contact network, as well as mechanical parts of undercarriage and underbody equipment.

Ice adhesion (ice adhesion) - freezing of ice to foreign objects due to the forces of intermolecular interaction and ice adhesion depends on the structure and roughness of the contacting surfaces, temperature, pressure, contact time, the presence of impurities in the ice, etc. It is measured by the force or work of separation per unit of contact area. If the water freezes on a fully wetted surface, the adhesion to the surface exceeds the adhesion within the ice. When the ultimate strength is exceeded, destruction occurs inside the ice, and not along the interface. This means that adhesion forces can often exceed 25 * 105 N / m ² . To prevent ice adhesion, the surface to be protected from icing is coated with a deep penetration lubricant designed to protect against icing, icing and ice formation.

From the analysis of the world experience in combating the formation of ice mass on the rooftop electrical equipment and the mechanical part of the railway rolling stock of railways, it can be concluded that today there are no methods that would fully meet the requirements of the operation of railway rolling stock in winter.

Known anti-icing grease (RF patent No. 809881, IPC S10M 169 / 06.1995) for the protection of electrical equipment of railway rolling stock, which contains lithium stearate, mass. % 6-18; zinc dialkyldithiophosphate 1-2; glycerin 5-10; propylene glycol-1,2 15-25; petroleum or synthetic oil - the rest. The grease has high anti-icing properties, the duration of its operation in atmospheric precipitation conditions is 75 days due to the high content of water-soluble components (the total content of glycerin and propylene glycol-1,2 is from 25 to 35%).

Known anti-icing grease (RF patent No. 1455724, IPC S10M 169/06, 1995) for the protection of electrical equipment of railway rolling stock, which contains base oil, lithium soap of stearic acid, nitrated oil and propylene glycol-1,2, in the following quantitative ratio , wt. %: lithium soap of stearic acid - 6-18; propylene glycol-1,2 - 15-30; nitrated oil - 2.5-5.0; base oil - the rest.

The grease has high anti-icing properties, but has a short-term effect from three to 10 days due to the high content of water-soluble and volatile components (propylene glycol-1,2-15-30).

The technical objective of the invention is to increase the protection of the surface from icing when glassy ice falls out with the duration of the protection effect of more than eighty days.

The technical result is achieved in that the universal liquid lubricant for anti-icing electrical equipment and mechanical parts of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of the contact network of the railway, contains an oil deadorized solvent, anhydrous lanolin, a film-forming inhibiting oil composition, in the following quantitative ratio, wt. %:

petroleum deadorized solvent - 64-66

anhydrous lanolin - 20-22

film-forming inhibiting oil composition -

the rest is up to 100%.

The specified technical result is ensured by the combined action of a combination of ingredients used in the composition for the prevention of icing at their stated quantitative ratio.

The claimed invention is not known from the prior art, this solution is novel.

Considering the above, we can conclude that the proposed anti-icing liquid lubricant does not clearly follow from the prior art and the entire set of essential features exhibits a new property that allows achieving the specified technical result, that is, the invention meets the criterion of protectability - "inventive step".

The claimed invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", as it contains components known at the filing date of the application, and will find wide application for anti-icing, i. E. from atmospheric ice deposits, especially for the protection of electrical equipment (pantographs, busbars, insulators), the mechanical part of the undercarriage and underbody equipment of railway rolling stock, as well as the wires of the railway contact network.

When using the declared lubricant in conditions of intense glassy ice shedding, the body of ice formed around the protected long rod (pantograph or wire), the mechanical part of the undercarriage and underbody equipment, is loosened, since the adhesion of ice is minimized by filling cavities and microcracks and the formation of polymer films on the treated protected surface, which causes its subsequent destruction and removal from the protected surface.

The composition of the claimed anti-icing liquid lubricant includes the following components.

1. Film-forming inhibiting oil composition NG-222A

TU 38101427-76 ensures the formation of a polymer film after the lubricant dries, and also creates a hydrophobic effect on the protected surface.

This result is a film-forming inhibiting oil composition NG-222A (hereinafter - "PINS"), due to the special compositions included in its composition, oil-soluble corrosion inhibitors, thickeners, fillers and petroleum solvents.

Corrosion inhibitors for PINS are developed on the basis of sulfonated or nitrated oils with the addition of fast-acting and water-displacing components such as fatty acid alkylolamides, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, etc., thereby creating a hydrophobic effect for the declared lubricant.

Bituminous-rubber, bitumen-polymer-wax, polymer and polymer-wax compositions with the inclusion of fillers (bentonite, silica gel, carbon black, asbestos, microcalcite, pigments in the form of powders or metal oxides) are used as the main thickeners for PNS. These compositions endow this universal lubricant with the ability to form a polymer film after the lubricant dries, and also enhance the hydrophobic effect on the protected surface.

2. Anhydrous lanolin TU 64-8-15-87 is also one of the main components in this universal grease.

Anhydrous lanolin consists predominantly of long-chain waxy esters (about 97 wt%), the rest being lanolin alcohols, lanolin acids and lanolin hydrocarbons, as well as various types of esters.

Lanolin is a natural raw material that boils fat from sheep wool, it has a high viscosity, and most importantly, excellent stickiness, which allows you to firmly hold a universal liquid lubricant on the protected surface immediately after it is applied to the protected surface until it completely penetrates, dries and forms a protective polymer film.

In addition to keeping the composition of the universal lubricant on the protected surface, lanolin also protects the polymer film itself from mechanical and atmospheric damage, creates and enhances the hydrophobic effect of the lubricant, thanks to long-chain wax-like esters, and also due to the fact that lanolin is an organic natural fatty raw material, it enhances the penetrating and the hydrophobic capacity of this lubricant.

Also, lanolin has a negligible% loss of drying (with a value less than <0.5%) and properties of increased adhesion, protective and hydrophobic properties of lanolin, and therefore the properties of the claimed lubricant remain for a long time.

3. Petroleum deadorized solvent GOST 10214-78, is the basis of the declared liquid lubricant.

It is a volatile liquid, moderately evaporates, giving a time period for the maximum penetration of the remaining components into the protected surface, well dissolves film-forming inhibiting oil compositions and anhydrous lanolin that are part of this claimed lubricant.

Water resistance of the lubricant, moderate drying, preservation of the elasticity of the polymer film at low temperatures prevents the adhesion of ice and the settling of ice-forming precipitates, snow seals, through deep penetration of lubricant components, filling cavities and microcracks, forming a stable polymer film on the treated protected surface at the molecular level.

The preparation of the proposed lubricant consists in simple mixing of the components in addition to a film-forming inhibiting oil composition to the deadorized oil solvent, after mixing them together, anhydrous lanolin is added to the mixture and everything is mixed again. All technological operations are carried out at atmospheric pressure. Then the cooling of the lubricant, homogenization (creation of a stable and homogeneous mixture), deaeration (removal of oxygen and other gases from the mixture), packaging.

According to the above technology, a number of samples are prepared, the formulation of which is given in Examples 1, 2, 3.

For the preparation of 100 kg of the proposed universal liquid lubricant "TECHNOFROST TF-1" for protection against icing of electrical equipment and mechanical parts of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of the railway contact network:

Example 1

The preparation of the specified composition is carried out as follows.

In a container equipped with a mixing device load - 64 kg of oil deadorized solvent and with vigorous stirring add portions of anhydrous lanolin - 20 kg, a film-forming inhibiting oil composition in an amount of 16 kg is dosed into this mixture. Stir until a homogeneous grease is achieved. All technological operations are carried out at atmospheric pressure. Then the cooling of the lubricant, homogenization (creation of a stable and homogeneous mixture), deaeration (removal of oxygen and other gases from the mixture), packaging.

Example 2

The preparation of the specified composition is carried out as follows.

In a container equipped with a mixing device load - 66 kg. deadorized petroleum solvent and with vigorous stirring add portions of anhydrous lanolin - 22 kg, 12 kg are dosed into this mixture. film-forming inhibiting oil composition. Stir until a homogeneous grease is achieved. All technological operations are carried out at atmospheric pressure.

Then the cooling of the lubricant, homogenization (creation of a stable and homogeneous mixture), deaeration (removal of oxygen and other gases from the mixture), packaging.

Example 3

The preparation of the specified composition is carried out as follows.

Load into a container equipped with a mixing device - 65 kg. deadorized petroleum solvent and with vigorous stirring add portions of anhydrous lanolin - 21 kg, in the specified mixture doze the film-forming inhibiting oil composition - 14 kg. Stir until a homogeneous grease is achieved. All technological operations are carried out at atmospheric pressure.

Then the cooling of the lubricant, homogenization (creation of a stable and homogeneous mixture), deaeration (removal of oxygen and other gases from the mixture), packaging.

For lubricant samples, the formulation of which is presented in Examples 1, 2, 3, the ultimate strength is determined at 25 ° C (GOST 7143-73), the effective viscosity at 0 ° C and the average strain rate gradient of 10 s ^-1 (GOST 7163-84) , describe the state of the ice surface after contact with the anti-ice lubricant, determine the displacement force of a metal plate with a 1 mm thick layer of lubricant over the ice surface. The results are shown in table. one.

For comparison with the claimed formulation of the universal liquid lubricant "TECHNOFROST TF-1" for the protection against icing of electrical equipment and mechanical parts of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of the railway contact network with anti-icing grease according to RF patent No. 809881, sample No. 3 was selected, ingredients in the following quantitative ratio, wt. %: lithium stearate 12; zinc dialkyldithiophosphate 1.5; glycerin 5; propylene glycol - 20; petroleum or synthetic oil - 61.5. (data for table 1)

For comparison with the claimed formulation of the universal liquid lubricant "TECHNOFROST TF-1" for anti-icing of electrical equipment and mechanical parts of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of the railway contact network with grease according to RF patent No. 1455724, sample No. 14 was selected, ingredients in the following quantitative ratio, wt. %: lithium stearic acid soap - 10; propylene glycol - 20; nitrated oil - 3; base oil - 67. (data for table 1)

The lubricant according to Example 3 showed the best qualitative and quantitative characteristics in comparison with Examples 1, 2 and with analogues under patents No. 809881, No. 1 455724.

So the effective viscosity is 2.2 and 2.9 times higher, respectively, the ultimate strength in comparison with analogs is higher by 1, 96 times and 3.25, respectively, the force of displacement of the lubricated plate on ice after 1 hour. stay in water retains 2 and 1.67 lower values of the displacement forces, which affects the increase in surface protection against icing when glassy ice falls and the duration of the protection effect is more than eighty days.

In the claimed invention, the surface protection against icing is increased when glassy ice falls with the duration of the protection effect, due to the fact that the universal liquid lubricant for protecting electrical equipment and mechanical parts of electric locomotives and electric trains from icing, as well as wires of the railway contact network, contains an oil deadorized solvent , anhydrous lanolin, film-forming inhibiting oil compositions, in the following quantitative ratio, wt. %:

petroleum deadorized solvent - 64-66

anhydrous lanolin - 20-22

film-forming inhibiting oil composition - the rest is up to 100%.

Claims (4)

Universal liquid lubricant for anti-icing of electrical equipment and mechanical parts of electric locomotives and electric trains, as well as wires of the contact network of the railway, contains an oil deadorized solvent, anhydrous lanolin, a film-forming inhibiting oil composition, in the following quantitative ratio, wt%: oil deadorized solvent - 64-66, anhydrous lanolin - 20-22, film-forming inhibiting oil composition - the rest is up to 100%.