RU2708289C1 - Method for reconstruction of residential buildings with wooden intermediate floors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to housing construction and can be used in reconstruction and overhaul of residential buildings with replacement of wooden intermediate floors. Method of reconstruction of buildings with wooden intermediate floors includes formation in each staircase of stiffness nucleus, providing rational distribution of loads from intermediate floors on bearing structures of reconstructed building, installation on each floor of building on rigid links with construction structures of core of stiffness of longitudinal and transverse crossbars, arrangement of intermediate floors in reinforced concrete monolithic structure.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of strength of buildings.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of housing and can be used in the reconstruction and overhaul of residential buildings with the replacement of wooden floors.

Recently, one of the serious problems that arise during the operation of residential buildings with wooden floors, is the collapse of these floors in the event of a possible fire, its spread to the lower floors and the resulting death and injury. The greatest relevance of this problem seems to be for the reconstruction of buildings of old construction years.

When considering the technical literature, a number of technical solutions related to this issue were identified.

A device is known for reinforcing a ceiling with wooden beams, comprising metal beams along the entire length that are installed in the spaces between the wooden beams, an upper core belt mounted on the upper part of the metal beam, passing through the wooden beam and connected by struts to the lower core belt, while the wooden the beam rests on the lower core belt through the support plates (patent for invention RU 2504630, class E04G 23/02, publ. 01.20.2014, bull. No. 2).

The disadvantages of this device are:

the probability of weakening the bearing capacity of interfloor ceilings when they burn out as a result of a possible fire;

the creation of additional loads on the walls of the building when fixing metal beams in them;

the need for additional openings in the walls of the building to install metal beams in them, which can lead to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the walls.

A known method of building add-ons, including the construction of vertical bearing supports on the outside of the base building along its longitudinal external walls, a steel multi-tiered frame, the implementation of inter-floor precast-monolithic interacting ceilings, preferably supported with metal supporting elements that are mounted on the lower girdle of the truss walls, corresponding to each interfloor overlap, or made integrally with the lower zones of these truss walls, each interfloor overlap is formed into one when it is installed, monochromatic along its entire contour with the lower belts of the truss walls corresponding to it, the implementation of metal supporting elements in the form of beams, the ends of which are fixed to the outer belts of the truss walls located opposite each other, laying first on the above-mentioned beams the metal profiled sheet when the device is prefabricated-monolithic flooring, concreting over its entire upper surface with the formation of a flat upper surface of the concrete is covered I, which is the upper surface of the resulting intermediate floor, and with simultaneous embedment of it around its contour bordering with its lower belts its corresponding wall-trusses (patent RU 2442868, Cl. E04G 23/02, publ. 02/20/2012, bull. No. 5).

The disadvantages of this method are:

the danger of weakening the bearing capacity of the base and foundation of the base building during the construction of supporting vertical supports adjacent to the building;

violation of the external architectural appearance of the building as a result of the construction of load-bearing vertical supports on the outside of the base building along its longitudinal outer walls.

Closest to the claimed invention is a method of reconstructing a building or structure, including installing inside the building or construction of stiffness cores with a gap with respect to the reinforced span structures of the floors to absorb the load from the supporting elements of the frame of the building or structure, mounting the trusses under the span structures of the floors with their fixation in stiffness cores to a depth of not less than half the thickness of the corresponding stiffness cores perpendicular to the latter, linking motionlessly with spans instructions made in the form of crossbars and ceilings, or crossbars, or ceilings, monoling the ends of load-bearing trusses into stiffness cores (patent for invention RU 254058, class E04G 23/02, published on 02.20.2015, bull. No. 5).

The main disadvantage of this method is the cumbersome design of the bearing trusses, which negatively affects the space-planning and architectural decisions of the premises through which these farms pass.

The problem solved in the invention is to develop a technology that provides a rational distribution of loads from floors on the supporting structures of the building being reconstructed, their resistance to dangerous fire factors, preserving the external architectural appearance of the building.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength and stability of building structures of buildings, reconstructed with the replacement of wooden floors.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved as a result of the fact that the method of reconstructing residential buildings with wooden floor floors includes forming a stiffener core in each staircase of the building by installing four load-bearing supports at the corners of the staircase on a common base foundation plate, mounting in their upper parts placed in the attic space of the building, rigid connections between themselves by means of horizontal tie beams, fastenings opposite to the bearing supports on the inner sides of the n the facade of the building of metal bearing strips with their rigid connection in the upper part in the attic of the building with longitudinal and transverse crossbars, each of which is rigidly fixed at one end to the corresponding bearing support, and to the other end, rigidly attached to the upper part of the metal bearing strip, attach the end of the inclined coupling beam, the other end of which is rigidly fixed to the upper end of the corresponding support bearing, the installation is in tight connection with the bearing supports and metal bearing wasps on each floor of the longitudinal and transverse beams, the device inserted floors in reinforced concrete monolithic structures.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-3.

In FIG. 1 schematically depicts a reconstructed building in a vertical section.

In FIG. 2 schematically depicts a reconstructed building in a horizontal section, a view of the attic floor.

In FIG. 3 schematically depicts a reconstructed building in a horizontal section, a view of the floor.

In FIG. 1-3 the following notation is applied:

1 - bearing support;

2 - base foundation plate;

3 - interfloor overlap;

4 - metal carrier strip;

5 - attic floor;

6 - inclined coupling beam;

7 - horizontal coupling beam;

8 - wall of the facade;

9 - staircase wall;

10 - longitudinal bolt;

11 - transverse bolt.

The method of reconstruction of residential buildings with wooden floors is implemented as follows.

In order to ensure a rational distribution of loads from interfloor ceilings on the supporting structures of the reconstructed residential building, a stiffness core is formed in each of its entrances. To do this, in the basement of each of the entrances of the building, a base foundation plate 2 is arranged with four load-bearing supports fixed in it, which are installed at the corners formed by the walls of the stairwell 9. At the same time, the tops of the load-bearing supports 1 placed along the longitudinal axis of the building are led out into the attic space. To ensure stability and structural rigidity of the system of load-bearing supports 1 in the attic space of the building, hard links of the upper parts of the load-bearing supports 1 are mounted, connecting them together using horizontal tie beams 7. On the inner sides of the walls of the facade 8 of the building opposite the load-bearing supports 1, metal load-bearing strips are mounted 4, fixing them in the upper part and along the height of the walls of the facade 8. In the attic space of the building, longitudinal 10 and transverse 11 crossbars are installed, each of which has one end rigidly attached to the top parts of the metal supporting strip 4, and the other end is rigidly fixed to the corresponding supporting support 1. To ensure the reduction of vertical loads on the walls of the building facade 8, inclined coupling beams 6 are installed, at each of which one end is rigidly attached to the end of the longitudinal 10 or transverse 11 crossbar attached to a corresponding metal carrier strip 4, and the other end is rigidly fixed to the corresponding carrier support 1.

Starting from the first floor, longitudinal 10 and transverse 11 crossbars are installed, the ends of which are rigidly fixed on the corresponding metal bearing strips 4 and bearing supports 1. Reinforcing elements (not shown) are attached to the longitudinal 10 and transverse 11 crossbars and floor floors 3 and attic 5 are made in reinforced concrete monolithic construction.

Thus, as a result of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, it is possible to increase the strength and stability of building structures of buildings reconstructed with the replacement of wooden floors, due to the use of technology that provides a rational distribution of loads from floors on the supporting structures of the building being reconstructed, their resistance to dangerous fire factors, preservation of the external architectural appearance of the building.

Claims (1)

A method for the reconstruction of residential buildings with wooden floors, comprising forming a stiffness core in each staircase of the building by installing four load-bearing supports at the corners of the staircase on a common base foundation slab, mounting in their upper parts placed in the attic space of the building, rigid connections between each other by horizontal coupling beams, fastenings opposite to the bearing supports on the inner sides of the walls of the facade of the building of metal bearing strips with their rigid connection in the upper part the attic space of a building with longitudinal and transverse crossbars, each of which is rigidly fixed at one end to a respective supporting support, and to the other end, rigidly attached to the upper part of the metal supporting strip, the end of the inclined tie-rod is rigidly attached, the other end of which is rigidly fixed at the upper end the corresponding bearing support, installation on hard links with bearing supports and metal bearing strips on each floor of the building of longitudinal and transverse crossbars, the device of interfloor floors in reinforced concrete monolithic construction.

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