RU2698864C1 - Autonomous power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: autonomous power supply system.

SUBSTANCE: autonomous power supply system comprises variable-speed wind turbine, photoelectric converter converting light energy into direct-current electric energy, drive diesel, mechanically connected to axial multiphase contactless synchronous generator, storage battery made with possibility of connection through rectifier to output of axial multiphase contactless synchronous generator and having possibility of connection to DC consumers and through inverter to AC consumers, thermal converter, three-input axial generator unit, mechanically connected to driving diesel engine and having mechanical, light and heat inputs, and a heat energy adder with first and second inputs, the output of which is connected to the thermal input of the three-input axial generator unit, wherein wind turbine is rigidly connected to mechanical input of three-input axial generator unit, output of photoelectric converter is connected to light input of three-input axial generator unit, and the heat converter output is connected to the heat energy adder first input, wherein the storage battery is configured to be connected through the rectifier to the three-input axial generator unit output, and the drive diesel is communicated with the heat recovery unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the heat energy adder.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at summation of mechanical, light and heat energy with simultaneous conversion of the obtained total energy into electric energy of alternating and direct current.

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Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and energy, in particular, to autonomous power supply systems and is intended for uninterrupted power supply of local objects remote from centralized power supply systems using renewable types of energy by summing kinetic energy (for example, wind energy), light energy (for example, light energy of the Sun, with preliminary conversion of its photoelectric converters into electrical energy of direct current) and thermal energy and (for example, the thermal energy of the Earth or the Sun, with its preliminary conversion by a heat converter into direct current electric energy) with the simultaneous conversion of the received total energy into high-quality alternating and direct current electric energy and can be used to generate electrical energy for the needs of local objects, for example, farms, etc.

A well-known autonomous uninterrupted power supply system using a renewable energy source (US Pat. RF No. 2262790, authors Medvedev E.N., Serdobintsev Yu.P., Rybnikov A.S. publ. 10/20/2002), containing at least one variable-speed wind turbine tightly coupled to an alternator; auxiliary electric consumer, made in the form of a battery connected to an alternator by a power control device; a diesel engine mechanically connected to a synchronous generator, forming a diesel generator set, while the system has two independent power sources interconnected by a switching unit, the function of one of them is performed by a diesel generator set equipped with a system for automatically controlling active power, the function of the other is synchronous compensator with accelerator and automatic speed control, battery connected to synchronous compensator in the middle using a two-set reversible thyristor DC-DC converter, which, when the wind turbine power exceeds the load power, is controlled in the system of automatic stabilization of the synchronous compensator speed, and in the mode when the wind turbine power is less than the load power and the battery is discharged, in the active power stabilization system of the diesel generator set ; the function of the alternator is performed by a multi-speed asynchronous machine, controlled by a mode selection unit that sets its operating speed in the active power function.

Also known is a system for autonomous power supply to consumers (Pat. RF No. 2382900, authors Sheryazov S.K., Shelubaev M.V., Averin A.A., Chernov N.A., published on 02.27.2010), containing a wind an installation connected through a stabilizer, a reverse current relay, a rectifier and an inverter to common buses of electric energy, a battery connected between a rectifier and an inverter, an autonomous power supply equipped with a synchronizer and a regulator of generated power, connected to common buses, while to the control and input the inverter’s circuit is connected to a signal conditioning unit that generates control signals of a certain shape, the power supply operating mode control unit is connected to the battery; it contains an intermediate relay and a time relay, working contacts of the current and voltage relays, a stabilizer and a reverse current relay are installed behind the inverter, the battery Additionally, in the connection circuit with the inverter, it contains a diode and is charged from a two-stage charger connected to the common buses through the contactor in the circuit a current supply, a consumer of electricity and a charge circuit are equipped with a current relay, and behind the rectifier are a voltage relay, a battery and a rectifier are connected to the inverter via contactors.

However, known from US Pat. RF №2262790 and №2382900 power supply systems cannot use light and heat energy from renewable sources, for example, the Earth and the Sun, and, accordingly, sum up different types of energy (mechanical, light and heat), coming from three different sources with simultaneous conversion of the received total energy into electrical energy, since the generating sets of these systems, which convert the energy of a renewable source into electrical energy (a variable-speed wind turbine that is tightly coupled to a gene with an alternating current generator (US Pat. RF No. 2262790) and a wind power installation (US Pat. RF No. 2382900)) have only one input - mechanical (rotor shaft of a wind turbine (US Pat. RF No. 2262790) or a rotor shaft of a wind power installation (US Pat. RF No. 2382900 )). Therefore, known from US Pat. RF №2262790 and №2382900 power supply systems can convert only one type of renewable energy into electrical energy - mechanical (for example, wind energy).

Of the known technical solutions, the closest to the claimed invention by its technical nature is an autonomous power supply system (SAE) based on axial electromagnetic devices (Autonomous power supply system based on axial electromagnetic devices / TB Gaitova, Ya.M. Kashin, A. Y. Kashin ., Kopelevich L.E. Yasyan, Yu.P. / Transactions of the Kuban State Agrarian University. 2011. No. 33. P. 205-209), containing a variable-speed wind turbine (VT), rigidly connected with the mechanical input (rotor shaft) axial Oh two-input electric generator machine (ADEM-G), photovoltaic converters (FEP), converting light energy into direct current electric energy and connected to the ADEM-G electrical input, a driving diesel engine (motor M) mechanically connected to an axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator (AMBSG), forming a diesel generator set, which together with ADEM-G forms a power unit, emergency power source - a battery (AB), made with the possibility of connection through the rectifier (B) yielding ADEM-T and AMBSG and having the ability to connect to a DC power consumers through the inverter and (S) - AC to consumers.

However, the known SAE cannot use heat energy from renewable (for example, the Earth and the Sun) and other (for example, utilized diesel thermal energy) sources for conversion into electrical energy, and accordingly, it cannot summarize different types of energy (mechanical, light and thermal) coming from three different sources with the simultaneous conversion of the resulting total energy into electrical energy, as part of its ADEM-G, converting the energy of renewable sources into electrical energy, and there are only two inputs - mechanical (ADEM-G rotor shaft), to which mechanical rotational energy from VT is supplied, and electric (additional excitation winding of the pathogen), to which DC electric energy is obtained, obtained by converting the solar light energy into solar electric power into electrical energy DC energy. Therefore, the known SAE can convert only two types of renewable energy into electrical energy - mechanical (wind energy) and light (solar light energy).

The objective of the invention is to improve the autonomous power supply system, which allows you to summarize the energy coming from three dissimilar energy sources: mechanical energy, light energy and thermal energy with the simultaneous conversion of the resulting total energy into electrical energy of alternating and direct current.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the summation of mechanical energy, light energy and thermal energy with the simultaneous conversion of the resulting total energy into electrical energy of alternating and direct current.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed autonomous power supply system comprising a variable speed wind turbine, a photovoltaic converter that converts light energy into direct current electric energy, a drive diesel mechanically coupled to an axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator, a rechargeable battery configured to be connected via a rectifier with the output of an axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator and having the possibility of connecting to consumers of direct current and through an inverter to consumers of alternating current, while the autonomous power supply system further comprises a heat converter, a three-input axial generator set, mechanically connected to a driving diesel engine and having mechanical, light and thermal inputs, and a heat energy adder with the first and the second inputs, the output of which is connected to the thermal input of the three-input axial generator set, while the wind turbine is rigidly connected with the mechanical the input of the three-input axial generator set, the output of the photoelectric converter is connected to the light input of the three-input axial generator set, and the output of the thermal converter is connected to the first input of the thermal energy adder, while the battery is configured to be connected through the rectifier to the output of the three-input axial generator set, and the drive diesel communicated with the heat recovery unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the thermal energy adder.

The present invention, in contrast to the prototype, allows for the use of one SAE to sum the energy coming from three dissimilar energy sources: mechanical energy, light energy (with its preliminary conversion by a photoelectric converter into direct current electric energy) and thermal energy (with its preliminary conversion heat converter and heat recovery unit into direct current electric energy) with the simultaneous conversion of the received total energy into electricity ktricheskuyu energy of AC and DC.

The ability to sum light energy with other types of energy is also achieved due to the fact that the proposed system additionally contains a three-input axial generator set, mechanically connected to a driving diesel engine and having mechanical, light and thermal inputs.

The ability to summarize thermal energy with other types of energy is achieved due to the fact that the proposed system further comprises a thermal converter and a thermal energy adder with first and second inputs, the output of which is connected to the thermal input of a three-input axial generator set, and the drive diesel (motor M) is in communication with heat recovery unit, while the outputs of the heat converter and heat recovery unit are connected to the corresponding inputs of the heat energy adder and connected through it to pilaf input trehvhodovoy axial genset.

The possibility of summing up mechanical energy with other types of energy is achieved due to the fact that the wind turbine is rigidly connected to the mechanical input (rotor shaft) of the three-input axial generator set.

The ability to sum light energy with other types of energy is achieved due to the fact that the output of the photoelectric transducer (PEC) is connected to the light input of a three-input axial generator set mechanically connected to a drive diesel engine.

The ability to convert the received total energy into alternating current electric energy is achieved due to the fact that the SAE contains a three-input axial generator set mechanically connected to a drive diesel engine and has mechanical, light and thermal inputs, which summarizes the three types of energy and converts the total energy into alternating current electricity .

The possibility of converting the received total energy into direct current electric energy is achieved due to the fact that the battery is configured to be connected through a rectifier to the output of a three-input axial generator set. The alternating voltage generated by the three-input axial generator set is rectified by a rectifier and supplied to consumers and to the battery.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the claimed system of autonomous power supply.

In FIG. 1. designated: VT - wind turbine; FEP - photoelectric converter; TP - thermal converter; And - inverter; B - rectifier; AB - rechargeable battery; TAGU - three-input axial generator set; M - drive diesel (motor); AMBSG - axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator; SUT - heat recovery system for a drive diesel; STE - thermal energy adder; ~ P _EI , ~ P _EII and ~ P _EIII - consumers of electrical energy of three-phase alternating sinusoidal current of I, II, and III categories, respectively; = П _Э - consumers of direct current electric energy.

The autonomous power supply system (SAE) contains a variable speed wind turbine (VT) 1, a photovoltaic converter (PEC) 2 that converts light energy into direct current electric energy, a driving diesel engine (motor M) 7 mechanically coupled to an axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator (AMBSG) ) 6, a storage battery (AB) 11, which acts as an emergency power source and is configured to connect through a rectifier (B) 4 to the output of an axial multiphase non-contact synchronously th generator (AMBSG) 6 and having the ability to connect to consumers of direct current and through the inverter (I) 3 to consumers of alternating current (are not included in the inventive system).

The SAE additionally contains a thermal converter (TP) 5, a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10, mechanically connected to a drive diesel engine (M) 7 and having mechanical, light and thermal inputs, and a thermal energy adder (STE) 9 with first and second inputs the output of which is connected to the thermal input of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10.

The wind turbine (VT) 1 is rigidly connected to the mechanical input (rotor shaft) of the three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10.

The output of the photoelectric converter (PEC) 2 is connected to the light input of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10.

The output of the thermal Converter (TP) 5 is connected to the first input of the adder of thermal energy (STE) 9.

The battery (AB) 11 is configured to be connected through a rectifier (B) 4 to the output of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10.

A driving diesel engine (motor M) 7 is in communication with a heat recovery unit (BUT) 8, the output of which is connected to the second input of the thermal energy adder (STE) 9.

The proposed SAE converts the following types of energy into electrical energy:

- the chemical energy of the fuel, converted by a driving diesel engine (M) 7 into the mechanical energy of the rotational motion of the rotor of the axial multiphase contactless synchronous generator (AMBSG) 6 and three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10;

- kinetic energy of the wind, converted by a wind turbine (VT) 1 into the mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10;

- the light energy of the Sun, converted by a photoelectric converter (PEC) 2 into direct current electric energy for supplying it with a storage battery (AB) 11, supplying to the inverter input I 3 and to the light input of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10;

- thermal energy of the Sun (or another source of heat), converted by a heat converter (TP) 5 into direct current electric energy and supplied to the first input of the thermal energy adder (STE) 9 with subsequent transfer to the thermal input of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10;

- part of the fuel energy in the form of heat loss of the driving diesel engine (M) 7, which is purposefully disposed of by the heat recovery unit (BUT) 8, supplied to the second input of the thermal energy adder (STE) 9, followed by transfer to the thermal input of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10.

The primary sources of electricity in the SAE are:

- three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10, in the armature of which an three-phase alternating sinusoidal current of 220/380 V, 50 Hz is generated;

- axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator (AMBSG) 6, also generating a multiphase (three-phase) alternating sinusoidal current of the same parameters.

The secondary (backup) source of electrical energy of alternating current is an inverter (I) 3, which converts direct current electric energy stored by a storage battery (AB) and into electric energy of an alternating quasi-sinusoidal three-phase alternating current of the same parameters.

In this case, the "surplus" of direct current electric energy generated by the photoelectric converter (PEC) 2, as well as the alternating current energy of the TAGU 10 - M 7 - AMBSG 6 system (previously rectified in the rectifier (V) 4) are accumulated in the battery (AB) 11 .

Consumers of electrical energy of alternating current according to the Rules for Electrical Installations (PUE) are divided into consumers of I, II and III categories (~ P _EI , ~ P _EII and ~ P _EIII ) and are divided among themselves by load switches. In addition, the system provides power to DC consumers = P _E.

SAE works as follows.

A variable-speed wind turbine (VT) 1 converts the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical rotation energy and feeds it to the mechanical input of a three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10. A photovoltaic converter (PEC) 2 converts the solar light energy into direct current electric energy. From the output of the photoelectric converter (PEC) 2, direct current electricity is supplied to the light input of the three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10, to the input of the inverter 3 and to the battery (AB) 11 for charging it. A heat converter (TP) 5 converts the thermal energy of the Sun or another heat source into direct current electrical energy. From the output of the heat converter (TP) 5, direct current electricity is supplied to the first input of the thermal energy adder (STE) 9. The heat recovery unit (BUT) 8 utilizes the heat loss of the drive diesel (M) 7, converts them into direct current electricity and supplies it to the second input of the thermal energy adder (STE) 9. The thermal energy adder (STE) 9 summarizes the energy coming from the heat converter (TP) 5 and the heat recovery unit (BUT) 8, and supplies the total energy to the heat input of the three-input axial generator set and (TAGU) 10. The three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10 summarizes the mechanical, light, and thermal energy supplied to its mechanical, light, and thermal inputs, converts the total energy into alternating current electrical energy, and supplies it to the network to supply alternating current consumers and also through the rectifier (B) 4 to the battery (AB) 11 for recharging it and to consumers of direct current.

In light winds, a driving diesel engine (motor M) 7 converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical energy of rotation supplied to the mechanical inputs of the axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator (AMBSG) 6 and the three-input axial generator set (TAGU) 10, which convert it into alternating current electric energy and served in the network, as well as through the rectifier (B) 4 to the battery (AB) 11 to recharge it and to consumers of direct current.

In the absence of wind and fuel, AC consumers are supplied from an emergency power source - a battery (AB) 11 through an inverter (I) 4, and direct current consumers from a battery (AB) 11 directly.

Claims (1)

An autonomous power supply system comprising a variable-speed wind turbine, a photovoltaic converter that converts light energy into direct current electric energy, a drive diesel engine mechanically coupled to an axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator, a rechargeable battery configured to be connected through a rectifier to the output of an axial multiphase non-contact synchronous generator and having the ability to connect to DC consumers and through an inverter for alternating current consumers, characterized in that it further comprises a heat converter, a three-input axial generator set mechanically coupled to a drive diesel engine and having mechanical, light and thermal inputs, and a heat energy adder with first and second inputs, the output of which is connected to a thermal input a three-input axial generator set, wherein the wind turbine is rigidly connected to the mechanical input of a three-input axial generator set, the output of the photoelectric the converter is connected to the light input of the three-input axial generator set, and the output of the heat converter is connected to the first input of the heat energy adder, while the battery is configured to be connected through the rectifier to the output of the three-input axial generator set, and the drive diesel is connected to the heat recovery unit, the output of which connected to the second input of the thermal energy adder.

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