RU2695150C1 - Hinged aggregate of agricultural harvesting machine and agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to agricultural machine building. Attachment of agricultural harvester comprises control device of transverse alignment with cylinder of transverse alignment. Cylinder of transverse alignment is configured to be transferred by means of a switching device between a first operating position in which it serves to control or adjust a given transverse levelling movement of the hitch unit, and second operating position, in which it serves to provide free transverse levelling movement of hinged unit. Agricultural working machine, in particular self-propelled combine harvester, with hinged aggregate comprises transverse alignment control device with transverse levelling cylinder. Cylinder of transverse alignment is configured to be transferred by means of a switching device between a first operating position in which it serves to control or adjust a given transverse levelling movement of the hitch unit, and second operating position, in which it serves to provide free transverse levelling movement of hinged unit.EFFECT: providing simple, reliable and convenient switching of cylinder of transverse alignment between two working positions or two operating modes.12 cl, 3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a mounted unit of an agricultural harvesting machine in accordance with the restrictive part of paragraph 1 of the claims, as well as to an agricultural harvesting machine.

State of the art

DE 102015105217 A1 discloses a mounted assembly with a lateral alignment control device comprising a lateral alignment cylinder. Using the lateral alignment cylinder, the mounted implement can be shifted around an axis oriented in the direction of movement of the agricultural harvester to compensate, in particular, for uneven ground in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the harvester. To do this, probes are located on the sides of the mounted unit, capable of recognizing soil irregularities, so that, based on the data they received, they activate a lateral alignment cylinder to compensate for soil irregularities.

Disclosure of the invention

Based on the foregoing, the objective of the present invention is to develop a mounted unit agricultural harvesting machine of a new type.

The problem is solved by a mounted unit with the signs disclosed in paragraph 1 of the formula.

According to the invention, the lateral alignment cylinder is adapted to be moved by means of a switching device between the first working position in which it serves to control or regulate the pendulum movement of the mounted unit and the second working position in which it serves to provide free pendulum movement of the mounted unit.

This provides an especially advantageous operation mode of the mounted implement. In the first operating position, the lateral alignment cylinder allows you to set or adjust the pendulum movement, that is, the lateral alignment movement of the mounted unit, to preset values or positions, in particular, to compensate for uneven ground depending on the signals of the soil probes. In the second operating position, the mounted unit can perform free pendulum movement or free lateral leveling movement. In this case, the transverse leveling movement is controlled by a slide located on the lower side of the mounted unit and in the working position adjacent to the ground and repeating the contours of the soil.

In this case, free pendulum movement or transverse leveling movement can be carried out without loss of flow and without reaction forces.

In a preferred embodiment, the lateral alignment cylinder is in the form of a synchronous stroke cylinder. The synchronous stroke cylinder, also called the synchronous action cylinder, has the advantage that identical piston surfaces occur on both sides of its piston. Thus, the volume of flowing hydraulic oil is equal to the volume of flowing hydraulic oil, that is, the synchronous stroke cylinder moves in both directions at the same speed. This makes it particularly convenient to control lateral compensation.

Preferably, the switching device in the first switching position separates the pressure chambers of the synchronized-running cylinder from each other to provide a first working position, while the switching device in the second switching position separates the pressure chambers of the synchronous-running cylinder with each other to provide a second working position. This makes it possible to conveniently, simply and reliably switch the lateral alignment cylinder, made in the form of a synchronous stroke cylinder, between two operating positions or two operating modes.

Preferably, hydraulic oil may be supplied to each pressure chamber of the synchronized-stroke cylinder via a corresponding hydraulic line into which a check valve is integrated. Each hydraulic line contains a bypass line which is connected in parallel with the corresponding non-return valve and into which a pressure limiting valve is integrated. The corresponding pressure-limiting valve opens automatically if the pressure at the corresponding pressure-limiting valve in the first operating position exceeds the limit value, and hydraulic oil can be diverted from the pressure chamber, the pressure of which is higher than the limit value, through a bypass line with the pressure limiting valve open to another pressure chamber synchronous stroke cylinder and / or into the hydraulic oil tank, the pressure of which is below the limit value. This allows you to reliably protect the mounted unit from damage.

Preferably, the switching device is configured to automatically actuate to translate the lateral alignment cylinder between the first working position and the second working position. Preferably, the switching device is configured to automatically actuate, depending on the ground pressure, the ground pressure regulating device so that when the ground pressure of the ground pressure regulating device is less than a limit value, the switching device automatically takes the first switching position, and so that when the ground pressure of the ground pressure control device is greater than the limit value, the switching device automatically Ki took a second shift position. As a result, in the case when the pressure on the soil is greater than the boundary value, and the control of the mounted unit is automatically transferred to the second working position of the lateral alignment cylinder, the control of the mounted unit can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner with the active ground pressure control device. In particular, it is possible to reduce the mounting of the soil to be treated on the mounted unit. The automatic actuation of the switching device depending on the pressure on the ground provides a particularly preferred control mode for the mounted implement.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the synchronous stroke cylinder comprises a piston and a piston rod on each side of the piston, the first piston rod protruding from the first side of the housing and can be stronger, that is, further extended from the housing or stronger, that is, deeper or further retracted into the housing, and the second piston rod on the second side of the housing is completely closed by the housing and can move inside the housing. Preferably, in the first piston rod portion protruding from the housing, a first mounting eye of the synchronous running cylinder is made, and on the second side of the housing, a second mounting eye of the synchronous running cylinder is made. Such a design of the lateral alignment cylinder made in the form of a synchronous stroke cylinder is preferable to simplify the installation of the lateral alignment cylinder in the mounted unit.

As an alternative to the synchronized running cylinder, two single acting cylinders can be provided so that their working directions are opposite or opposite.

In addition, as an alternative to the synchronous stroke cylinder, a double-acting cylinder can also be provided. In this case, of course, it must be borne in mind that the piston rod moves with different speeds when retracting and extending due to the different sizes of the working surfaces on both sides of the piston. This effect can be compensated by appropriate controls.

An agricultural harvester is disclosed in claim 13.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the invention follow from the dependent claims and the following description. Non-limiting embodiments of the invention are discussed in more detail below on the basis of the figures in which:

Figure 1: a perspective view of an agricultural harvester with a mounted unit according to the invention.

Figure 2: fragment of figure 1.

Figure 3: hydraulic circuit for clarifying the idea of the invention. The implementation of the invention

The invention relates to a mounted unit of an agricultural harvesting machine. In addition, the invention relates to an agricultural harvester with such an attachment.

The figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an agricultural harvesting machine 1, which includes an agricultural carrier machine 2 and an agricultural mounted unit 3. Under the mounted unit 3 shown in figure 1, understand the prefix for harvesting corn, and by agricultural harvesting machine 1 - forage harvester. The invention is not limited to the mounted unit 3, made in the form of an attachment for harvesting corn. On the contrary, the invention can also relate to a mounted unit made in the form of a header, corn cobs, pick-up, direct cut header and other similar devices. The harvesting machine can be made, respectively, in the form of a forage harvester, combine harvester, etc.

It is known from practice that the mounted unit 3 comprises a lateral alignment control device with a lateral alignment cylinder 4.

Using the lateral alignment cylinder 4 of the lateral alignment control device, the mounted unit 3 can perform lateral alignment movement in the direction of arrow 5 around the axis 6 of the harvester 1 oriented in the direction of travel, for example, to compensate for irregularities in the soil to be treated. A lateral leveling movement is sometimes called a pendulum movement.

So, the figure 1 shows a soil probe 7, scanning during the cleaning process to be processed soil and capable of detecting uneven ground.

Roughnesses along the mounted unit 3 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement can be compensated if the lateral alignment cylinder 4 is driven depending on the measurement signals of the dipstick 7, in particular to maintain a constant working height of the mounted unit.

In the hinged assembly 3 shown for example, the lateral alignment cylinder 4 is made in the form of a synchronous stroke cylinder. The synchronous stroke cylinder is also called the synchronous action cylinder. Instead of a synchronous stroke cylinder, it is possible to provide two single-acting cylinders arranged so that their working directions are opposite or opposite.

In addition, as an alternative to the synchronous stroke cylinder, a double-acting cylinder can also be provided. In this case, of course, it must be borne in mind that due to the different size of the working surfaces on both sides of the piston, the piston rod moves at different speeds when it is retracted and extended, or both pressure chambers displace different volumes of hydraulic oil. This effect can be compensated by appropriate controls.

The figure 2 shows a cross section of a fragment of a cylinder 4 of the transverse alignment, made in the form of a cylinder synchronous stroke, mounted unit according to the invention.

The synchronous stroke cylinder depicted in figure 2, contains a piston 9, guided in the housing 8 of the cylinder 4 of the synchronous stroke. On each of the two sides, a piston rod 10, 11 is attached to the piston 9. The piston rods 10, 11 have the same cross section, as a result of which the piston 9 has the same piston surfaces 12, 13 on both sides.

The first piston rod 10 protrudes from the first side 14 of the housing 8, while the second piston rod 11 is completely hidden by the housing 8 on the second side 15 of the housing 8 and thus does not protrude from the housing 8. For this, the second side 15 of the housing 8 is elongated with the formation of the nozzle 16. The first pressure chamber 17 is adjacent to the first surface 12 of the piston 9, and the second pressure chamber 18 of the synchronous cylinder is adjacent to the second surface 13 of the piston.

When the pressure in the second pressure chamber 18 is greater than the pressure in the first pressure chamber 17, the piston 9 can be shifted further towards the first end 4 of the housing 8, in which case the piston rod 10 extends further from the housing 8.

On the other hand, when the pressure in the first pressure chamber 17 is greater than the pressure in the second pressure chamber 18, the piston 9 can be shifted further towards the second end 15 of the housing 8, in which case the first piston rod 10 is retracted further into the housing 8.

With the movements described above, the second piston rod 11 is always guided inside the housing 8 and, thereby, can move inside the housing 8.

On a portion of the first piston rod 10 protruding from the housing 8, a first fixing eye 19 is formed. On the nozzle 16 of the housing 8, that is, on the second side 15 of the housing 8, a second mounting eye 20 is made.

By means of these fixing eyes 19, 20, the lateral alignment cylinder 4, made in the form of a synchronous stroke cylinder, is mounted on the mounted unit.

According to the invention, the lateral alignment cylinder, made in the form of a synchronous stroke cylinder 4, can operate in two different operating positions or modes, switching between which can be performed using the switching device 21. In the first operating mode or the first operating position, the lateral alignment cylinder 4 control or regulation of the transverse leveling movement 5 of the mounted unit 3, in particular, depending on the signals of the soil probes 7. In this first working position fected regulation of cutting height. In the second operating mode or position, the lateral alignment cylinder 4 serves to provide free pendulum movement 5 or free lateral alignment movement of the mounted unit 3, in particular, to provide so-called ground pressure control.

With free lateral leveling movement, the mounted unit 3 acts on the soil to be treated with adjustable force or pressure and rests on the soil by means of a slide or other sliding elements. In the operating mode, the slide or sliding elements move above the ground and track its contours. When the sliding element hits the fold of soil, the mounted unit rises at this point, and when the sliding element falls into the cavity, the mounted unit 3, respectively, is lowered. Moreover, the second operating mode allows the mounted unit 3 to carry out a lateral leveling movement 5 under the control of a slide or sliding elements.

The switching device 21, which serves to translate the cylinder 4 lateral alignment between these two operating positions or modes, in the embodiment shown in figure 3, is made in the form of 2/2-way valve, which is part of the hydraulic module 22.

In the first switching position of the switching device 21, shown in figure 3, the pressure chamber 17, 18 of the cylinder 4 synchronous stroke are separated from each other. In this case, the hydraulic oil enters the pressure chamber 17 through the first hydraulic line 23, and into the pressure chamber 18 through the second hydraulic line 24, and preferably a check valve 25, 26 is integrated in each of the hydraulic lines 23, 24. Check valves 25 , 26, similarly to the switching device 21, are preferably included in the hydraulic module 22.

In addition, the hydraulic module 22, as shown in FIG. 3, includes pressure limiting valves 27, 28. The first pressure limiting valve 27 is included in the bypass line 29 running parallel to the first non-return valve 25. The second pressure limiting valve 28 is integrated in the bypass line 30 running parallel to the second non-return valve 26.

As mentioned above, in the first operating mode or in the first operating position, in which the switching device 21 assumes the switching position shown in FIG. 3, both pressure chambers 17, 18 of the synchronous stroke cylinder 4 are separated from each other. If in this case it is necessary to supply hydraulic oil to the pressure chamber 17 to move the piston 9 further in the direction of the second end 15 of the housing 8, then the hydraulic oil will enter the pressure chamber 17 through the hydraulic line 23 and the check valve 25, in particular, under a certain pressure. Moreover, as shown in figure 3, the check valve 26 is connected to the hydraulic line 23 through the control line 31, which initiates the opening of the check valve 26 so that when the pressure chambers 17, 18 are separated, the hydraulic oil enters the pressure chamber 17 to divert equal the amount of oil from the pressure chamber 18.

If, on the contrary, it is necessary to supply hydraulic oil to the pressure chamber 18 through the hydraulic line 24 and the check valve 26, then the control line 32, departing from the hydraulic line 24 in the direction of the check valve 25, opens the check valve 25 to divert the hydraulic oil from the pressure chamber 17 the amount corresponding to the amount of hydraulic oil entering the pressure chamber 18.

As mentioned above, the synchronous stroke cylinder 4 can operate not only in the switching position of the switching device 21 shown in FIG. 3 and corresponding to the separation of the pressure chambers 17, 18, but also in the second switching position of the switching device 21, in which both pressure chambers 17, 18 of the cylinder 4 synchronous stroke are connected to each other, and in this case it is possible free transverse leveling movement of the mounted unit 3.

When the switching device 21, overcoming the force of the spring element 33, moves from the first switching position, shown in figure 3, to the second switching position, both pressure chambers 17, 18 are connected to each other, in particular, through branches 34, 35 of the hydraulic lines 23, 24, departing from the respective hydraulic lines 23, 24 downstream of the check valves 25, 26.

When the synchronous stroke cylinder 4 operates in the first operating position or in the first operating mode with the pressure chambers 17, 18 separated, it serves, in particular, to control the cutting height, so that depending on the signals of the soil probes 7, the pendulum movement 5 of the mounted unit 3 or to regulate it.

On the contrary, when the synchronous stroke cylinder 4 works with the connected pressure chambers 17, 18 in the second operating position or in the second operating mode, it is possible to provide free pendulum movement of the mounted unit 3 for the so-called regulation of pressure on the ground, in particular, to prevent the soil to be cultivated to be planted mounted unit 3.

In addition, figure 3 shows the actuator 36, designed to actuate the switching device 21. It can be, for example, a magnet biasing the switching device 21 to overcome the efforts of the spring element 33. In this case, manual or automatic actuation of the switching the device 21 using the actuator 36. When manually actuating the switching device 21, the driver of the harvester can independently decide whether to use tsili 4 etc. compensation transverse configured preferably as a synchronous cylinder stroke, in the first operating position or second operating position.

The automatic actuation of the switching device 21 is preferably for automatically shifting the lateral compensation cylinder 4 between two operating positions or operating modes. Moreover, in particular, automatic switching of the switching device 21 is provided depending on the ground pressure of the ground pressure control device. If the ground pressure of the ground pressure regulating device is lower than the limit value, the switching device 21 automatically takes the first switching position to separate both pressure chambers 17, 18 of the cylinder 4 of the synchronous stroke 4 from each other and adjust the pendulum movement 5. On the contrary, if the ground pressure ground pressure control device above a limit value, the switching device 21 takes a second switching position to connect the pressure chambers 17, 18 to each other to ensure freedom one transverse leveling movement of the mounted unit 3.

Preferably, for automatic switching to the second operating mode, ground pressure is selected at which at least one runner or sliding element touches or almost touches the ground.

If the cylinder 4 lateral alignment, made preferably in the form of a cylinder synchronous stroke, is operated in the first operating position or mode with the switching device 21 in the first switching position, then using the pressure limiting valves 27, 28 it is possible to prevent damage to the mounted unit due to excessive pressure that can act on the cylinder 4 lateral alignment, for example, when overcoming folds of soil. If, for example, when overcoming a fold of soil in one of the pressure chambers 17, 18 of the lateral alignment cylinder 4, excess pressure is generated, the same pressure will act on the corresponding pressure limiting valve 27, 28, opening it and relieving pressure in the corresponding pressure chamber 17, 18 In this case, the hydraulic oil can drain through the corresponding bypass line 29, 30 and then through the corresponding open pressure limiting valve 27, 28, in particular in the direction of the other pressure chamber of the cylinder transversely of alignment, in particular a synchronous cylinder 4 stroke and / or in the direction of the tank for hydraulic oil, not shown in FIG.

The present invention proposes to use the cylinder 4 lateral alignment of the mounted unit in two different working positions, in particular, in the first working position with separated pressure chambers 17, 18 and in the second working position with connected pressure chambers 17, 18. In the first working position with divided pressure chambers 17, 18, you can actively control the pendulum movement 5 of the mounted unit 3, in particular, using the signals of soil probes 7 or similar sensors. This mode serves, in particular, to adjust the cutting height. In the second operating position with the pressure chambers 17, 18 connected, free pendulum movement is possible without reaction forces. This mode serves, in particular, to control the pressure on the ground. Preferably, the switching between the first working position and the second working position is carried out automatically by the switching device 21, in particular, depending on the ground pressure of the ground pressure regulating device. When adjusting the pressure on the soil, soil irregularities are transmitted through the slide and can be compensated by free transverse leveling movement without reaction forces.

If the cylinder 4 lateral alignment is made in the form of a cylinder of double-acting, to implement free lateral leveling movement in the second operating mode, it switches to the so-called floating position, in which hydraulic oil can enter and flow through open valves in both pressure chambers of the cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be possible to integrate flow damping elements, for example, throttles, into appropriate hydraulic lines to damp the pendulum movement of the lateral alignment cylinder 4 or the attachment 3.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 sweeper

2 carrier car

3 mounted unit

4 cylinder lateral alignment

5 lateral leveling movement, pendulum movement

6 axis

7 soil probe

8 building

9 piston

10 piston rod

11 piston rod

12 piston surface

13 piston surface

14 side

15 side

16 nozzle

17 pressure chamber

18 pressure chamber

19 fixing eye

20 fixing eye

21 switching devices

22 hydraulic module

23 hydraulic line

24 hydraulic line

25 check valve

26 check valve

27 pressure limiting valve

28 pressure limiting valve

29 bypass line

30 bypass line

31 control line

32 control line

33 spring element

34 branch

35 branch

36 actuator

Claims (16)

1. The mounted unit (3) of an agricultural harvesting machine with a lateral alignment control device comprising a lateral alignment cylinder (4), characterized in that the lateral alignment cylinder (4) is adapted to be moved by means of a switching device (21) between a first working position in which it serves to control or regulate a given transverse leveling movement of the mounted implement (3) and a second working position in which it serves to provide free lateral leveling movement of the mounted implement (3). 2. The hinged unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching device (21) is configured to automatically actuate, depending on the pressure on the ground, the pressure control device on the ground so that when the pressure on the ground is the pressure control device the ground is less than the boundary value, the switching device (21) automatically takes the first switching position, and so that when the ground pressure of the ground pressure control device is greater than the boundary value, the switching device (21) automatically adopted the second switching position. 3. The mounted unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching device (21) is made with the possibility of manual actuation to translate the cylinder (4) lateral alignment between the first and second working position. 4. Mounted unit according to one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the cylinder (4) of lateral alignment is made in the form of a cylinder of synchronous progress or from two cylinders of single-acting or in the form of a cylinder of double-acting. 5. The hinged unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the switching device (21) in the first switching position separates the pressure chambers (17, 18) of the cylinder (4) of the synchronous stroke from each other to ensure the first working position, a switching device (21) in the second switching position connects the pressure chambers (17, 18) of the synchronous stroke cylinder (4) to each other to provide a second working position. 6. The hinged unit according to claim 5, characterized in that it is possible to supply hydraulic oil to each pressure chamber (17, 18) of the cylinder (4) in synchronized travel along the corresponding hydraulic line (23, 24) into which the non-return valve (25, 26). 7. The mounted unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the switching device (21) in the first switching position separates the hydraulic lines (23, 24) downstream of the check valves (25, 26), wherein the switching device (21) in the second switching position connects the hydraulic lines (23, 24) downstream of the check valves (25, 26). 8. The mounted unit according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the switching device (21) is made in the form of a 2/2-way valve. 9. The mounted unit according to one of paragraphs. 6-8, characterized in that each hydraulic line (23, 24) contains a bypass line (29, 30), which is connected in parallel with the corresponding non-return valve (25, 26) and into which a pressure limiting valve (27, 28) is integrated, and the corresponding pressure limiting valve (27, 28) is configured to automatically open when the pressure on the corresponding pressure limiting valve (27, 28) in the first operating position exceeds the boundary value, and it is possible to divert the hydraulic oil from the pressure chamber (17, 18), the pressure in which is above the limit value, bypass line (23, 24) with the valve open (27, 28) restricting pressure to the corresponding other pressure chamber (17, 18) of the synchronous cylinder and / or into the hydraulic oil tank, the pressure of which is lower boundary value. 10. The mounted unit according to one of paragraphs. 4-9, characterized in that the cylinder (4) synchronous stroke contains a piston (9) and a piston rod (10, 11) on each side of the piston (9), and the first piston rod (10) protrudes from the first side of the housing (8) and on this first side is made with the possibility of a stronger extension from the housing (8) or more strongly retracting into the housing (8), and the second piston rod (11) on the second side of the housing (8) is completely closed by the housing (8) and is configured to movements inside the housing (8). 11. The hinged assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, on a portion of the first piston rod (10) protruding from the housing (8), a first fixing eye (19) of the synchronous stroke cylinder (4) is made, and a second is made on the second side of the housing mounting eye (20) of the cylinder (4) synchronous running. 12. Agricultural working machine, in particular a forage harvester, with a mounted unit (3) according to one of paragraphs. 1-11.

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