RU2671431C1 - Electric transport system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vehicles.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to high-speed transport systems intended for the transportation of passengers and (or) goods. Electric transport system includes cars, a track structure with landing stations, an electric motor, a control system located remotely relative to the track structure and the cars and carrying out the overall control of the movement of the cars, containing a control device, sensors and frequency converters that ensure the movement of cars by converting the angular velocity into linear velocity and regulating the linear velocity. Along the center lines of the cross-ties laid on the basis of the track structure, passive rollers and active rollers are located, interacting during the movement of cars with electric motors, frequency converters and current sensors that turn electric motors on and off.EFFECT: as a result, the efficiency and safety of the transport system is increased.5 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to high-speed transport systems intended for the transport of passengers and (or) cargo.

The level of technology.

The prior art knows the technical solution for a utility model patent No. 129913, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Yaroslavl State Technical University”, B65G 51/00, publ. 07/10/2013, in which a description is given of a pneumatic conveying magnetic system consisting of a vehicle, a pneumatic piping made of non-magnetic material, a piston placed in a pneumatic piping and having inside it permanent magnets that interact with permanent magnets located on a vehicle consisting of two or more modules connected by a flexible mechanical connection between themselves, on which the rollers are mounted. Common signs that coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention are: transport system, vehicle, rollers.

A technical problem that could not be solved using the above-described analogue of the invention is to limit the choice of materials for the manufacture of a pneumatic pipe. To create effective operation of the pneumatic transport system, high-strength, non-magnetic, expensive materials are required, the use of which significantly increases the cost of manufacturing the pneumatic transport system as a whole. The technical solution for the invention patent No. 2549317, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Petersburg State University of Railways of Emperor Alexander I", B60G 13/10, B60G 13/08, B60V 3/04, publ. 04/27/2015, in which a description of the transport system on an electrodynamic suspension containing a track structure is presented, in the supports of which vertically oriented stator windings of a linear synchronous motor and horizontally oriented short-circuited suspension coils are offset in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the track structures with access under the stator windings, a crew in the upper part of which a longitudinal ridge is rigidly fixed, inside which tikalno superconducting solenoids, and which is disposed between the stator windings track structure is positioned above crew on the outer side surfaces of the ridge is symmetric relative to the longitudinal axis of the track structure rigidly fixed aerodynamic plates, below the latter on the track structure supports are rigidly fixed support plates, parallel aerodynamic plates. Common signs that coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention are: transport system, track structure, crew, electric motor.

A technical problem that could not be solved using the above-described analogue of the invention lies in the complexity of manufacturing a transport system, the high cost of electrodynamic suspension and an electric motor, leading to an increase in the total cost of manufacturing a transport system. In addition, the above transport system can only be used as a ground mode of transport. Closest to the claimed technical solution is the technical solution for the patent for invention DE 4014700, BOSCH GMBH ROBERT, B23Q 7/14, B61L 23/00, publ. November 14, 1991, which describes a transport device with at least one independent device for clamping a workpiece in the form of a trolley / carriage or the like, with its own electric drive and its control, with an extensive track structure with stations located on it, in particular, a loading, monitoring and / or processing station, wherein the trolleys / carriages are equipped with a control device including sensors and switching means for recording motion parameters and external signals, as well as a signal processing device in coming from the switching means and sensors, which is based on signal analysis speeds up, slows down and / or drives the carriage / cradle to achieve the lowest possible transportation / to optimize the transport time time. Common features that coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention are: transport device, blanks in the form of a trolley / carriage, or the like. in the amount of one or more, an electric drive, a branched track structure with loading stations located on it, a control device, sensors.

A technical problem that could not be solved when implementing the above-described analogue of the invention lies in the complexity and, accordingly, the high cost of manufacturing a transport device, due to the need to use a large number of accurate and expensive equipment, the high probability of failure of the entire transport system in case of failure equipment located in a single part of it, in particular, equipment placed on a single trolley / carriage.

Disclosure of the invention.

The technical result, the invention is aimed at, is the creation of an efficient, universal, high-speed, environmentally friendly and safe transport for transporting passengers and (or) goods within the city, between cities, at industrial enterprises, in difficult terrain.

The technical result is achieved due to the implementation of the electric transport system, including cars in the amount of one or more, a branched track structure with landing (loading) stations located on it, a control device, an electric motor, sensors; the control device and sensors are part of a control system that provides overall control of the movement of cars and is located remotely relative to the track structure and cars, additionally containing frequency converters that ensure the movement of cars by converting angular velocity to linear speed and regulating linear speed; along the axial lines of sleepers laid on the basis of the track structure, passive rollers and active rollers are located, interacting during the movement of cars with electric motors, frequency converters and sensors made in the form of current sensors that turn on and off electric motors.

The linear speed of the cars depends on the speed of rotation of the axes of the active rollers and their diameter ..

The maximum consumption of electric energy generated by electric motors occurs at the moment the cars pass through the active rollers.

The minimum interval between successive wagons is 30 seconds.

Wagons are made of lightweight materials.

The efficiency of the proposed electric transport system is achieved by high productivity, which is ensured by the possibility of achieving the highest possible speed of movement of wagons, affecting the reduction in the interval of movement and, accordingly, the increase in passenger traffic (cargo flow), the presence of a common traffic control system for all cars at the same time, rational use of energy resources. Achieving the highest possible speed is ensured by the use of frequency converters that convert the angular velocity of the cars into linear speed; the ability of frequency converters to control the linear speed of cars depending on the speed of rotation of the axes of the active rollers and their diameter; design features of cars (radial protrusion on a passive roller and a recess near the car), as signs that create axial stability of the movement of cars regardless of the value of the set speed; the possibility of using light materials from which wagons are made, which facilitates their weight. The presence of a common motion control system for all cars simultaneously allows you to exclude the installation of expensive control equipment on each individual car.

Rational use of energy resources is ensured by the maximum consumption of electric energy generated by electric motors, only at the time of passage of cars through active rollers.

The universality of the proposed electric transport system is ensured by the ability to transport both passengers and goods; the possibility of using it in various versions of the transport system: ground, trestle, underground.

The environmental friendliness of the proposed electric transport system is ensured by the use of electrical equipment in it.

High safety of the proposed electric transport system for passengers is ensured by the lack of electrical equipment in the design of a single carriage where passengers are transported; the ability to prevent the occurrence of a dangerous situation by stopping the operation of all pieces of equipment at the same time.

A brief description of the drawings.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of an electric transport system (sketch), FIG. 2 shows a general view of the car (rear view), in FIG. Figure 3 shows a graph of the linear speed of cars on the diameter of the active roller.

The positions in the drawings indicate:

1 - wagons,

2 - track structure with stations of landing (loading),

3 - control device,

4 - electric motors,

5 - current sensors,

6 - control system,

7 - frequency converters,

8 - sleepers,

9 - center lines of the sleepers,

10 - the base of the track structure,

11 - passive rollers,

12 - active clips,

13 - axis of the electric motor,

14 - axis of the active roller,

15 - radial protrusion,

16 - recess near the carriage,

17 - node mounting passive and active rollers,

18 - bearings.

The implementation of the invention.

The electric transport system includes wagons 1, a branched track structure with landing (loading) stations 2 located on it, a control device 3, electric motors 4, current sensors 5, which are part of the control system 6, which carries out general control of the movement of wagons 1 and is located remotely relative to track structure 2 and wagons 1.

The control system 6 also includes frequency converters 7, providing the movement of cars 1 by converting the angular velocity of rotation of the axis of the active rollers 12 into linear speed.

The sleepers 8 are located on the basis of the track structure 10. Passive rollers 11 and active rollers 12 are installed along the axial lines of the sleepers 9 in order of rotation. The sleepers 8 are located relative to each other at a distance necessary and sufficient so that the active roller 12 remains behind the moving car 1 was turned off by means of a current sensor 5, and the active roller 12, located in front of the car, was simultaneously turned on.

On the lateral side of the base of the track structure 10, electric motors 4 are placed, the turning on and off of which is provided by current sensors 7 located in the control system 6. The number of electric motors 4, equal to the number of current sensors 5 and the number of frequency converters 7, is determined by the number of active rollers 12 required for equipping them with a track structure, which, ultimately, is determined by the length of the track structure 2.

Electric motors 4 are connected to active rollers 12 by mechanical coupling, while each separately installed electric motor is mechanically connected to its corresponding separately installed active roller 12. Frequency converters 7, current sensors 5 and active rollers 12 are interconnected by electrical coupling, namely , each separately installed frequency converter 7 is electrically connected to its corresponding current sensor 5, which turns on and off the corresponding electric motor 4. Frequency converters 7, controlling the rotation speed of the axis of the electric motor 13 using the control system 6, control the linear speed of the cars 1, depending on the rotation speed of the axis of the active roller 15 and its diameter.

Passive rollers 11 and active rollers 12 are made in the form of hollow cylinders of a certain length and diameter. A distinctive feature of the design of the passive rollers 11 are the radial protrusions 15 provided for stability of the cars 1 located at both ends of each of the passive rollers 11. The radial protrusion 15, having a size and shape matching the size and shape of the recess 16 located in the lower part of the body car 1, entering it, provides axial stability of the movement of cars 1.

Passive rollers 11 and active rollers 12 are mounted on the sleepers 8 by means of the attachment point of the passive and active rollers 17, containing bearings 18.

To reduce the coefficient of friction force, practically eliminating it, in the attachment point of the passive and active rollers 17 it is possible to use a magnetic suspension.

The required number of cars in the electric transport system is determined by the required capacity and length of the track structure, additional cars can be attached to each separately moving car, if necessary, with which it forms the composition of the cars.

The control device 3 can be made in the form of a computer system or controller.

Electric transport system operates as follows.

To organize the operation of an electric transport system containing a branched track structure with landing (loading) stations 2, it is necessary to ensure the forward movement of cars 1 by starting electric motors 4 with uniform acceleration.

The movement of cars 1 occurs when they pass through passive rollers 11 and active rollers 12, mounted in the order of their alternation on sleepers 8 along their axial lines 9 using the mount of the passive and active rollers 17, containing bearings 18.

The movement of the car 1 is carried out in such a way that the active roller 12 remaining behind the moving car 1 is turned off by the current sensor 5, and the active roller 12, located in front of the car, is simultaneously turned on.

During the movement of each subsequent car, a similar sequence of on and off of the active rollers occurs. Thus, the cars are in uniform motion, with a minimum interval between successive cars equal to 30 seconds.

The control system 6 automatically, using the control device 3, affects the electric motors 4, which drive the active rollers 12 in mechanical motion. The turning on and off of the electric motors 4 is provided by current sensors 5.

Frequency converters 7 by controlling the rotational speed of the axis of the electric motor 13 using the control device 3 located in the control system 6, by converting the angular velocity into linear speed, the movement of cars 1 and control the linear speed of the cars 1, while regulating it.

The stabilization of the movement of cars 1 is ensured by the presence of a radial protrusion 15 on the passive rollers 11, which is included in the recess of the car 16, located in the lower part of the body of the car 1.

The linear speed of the cars 1 depends on two parameters of the active roller: the rotation speed of the axis of the active roller 14 and its diameter.

The table and graph (Fig. 3) show a direct dependence of the linear speed of the cars on the diameter of the active roller, i.e. as the diameter of the active roller increases or decreases, the linear speed of the cars increases or decreases.

Calculation example (explanation to the table):

V _BP rotation speed = 5000 rpm,

d _p roller diameter = 300 mm = 0.3 m.

The linear velocity is V _BP × π d _p = 5000 × (3.14 × 0.3) × 60 = 282.6 km / h. When adjusting the rotation speed of the axes of the active rollers 14 and their diameter, the maximum achieved speed is 1200 km / h. The minimum interval between successive wagons in this case is 30 seconds.

The advantages of the claimed invention:

- profitability achieved by the simplicity of design, the use of a common (single) control system for the movement of all cars at the same time, eliminating the installation of expensive control equipment on each individual car; the operation of the device in the mode when the maximum consumption of electric energy generated by electric motors occurs only at the moment of passage of the cars through the active rollers,

- high performance provided by the high speed of movement of cars, which affects the reduction in the interval of movement and, accordingly, the increase in passenger traffic (cargo flow),

- universality, which is ensured by the possibility of transporting both passengers and goods; the possibility of using it in various versions of the transport system: ground, trestle, underground;

- environmental friendliness provided by the use of electrical equipment as an energy source,

- high safety for passengers associated with the lack of electrical equipment in the design of cars.

Claims (5)

1. An electric transport system, including one or more cars, a branched track structure with landing (loading) stations located on it, a control device, an electric motor, sensors, characterized in that the control device and sensors are part of a control system that implements general control of the movement of cars and located remotely relative to the track structure and cars, additionally containing frequency converters that ensure the movement of cars due to the pre the formation of angular velocity into linear velocity and regulating linear velocity; along the axial lines of sleepers laid on the basis of the track structure, passive rollers and active rollers are located, interacting during the movement of cars with electric motors, frequency converters and sensors made in the form of current sensors that turn on and off electric motors. 2. The electric transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear speed of the cars depends on the speed of rotation of the axes of the active rollers and their diameter. 3. The electric transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum consumption of electric energy generated by electric motors occurs at the moment the cars pass through the active rollers. 4. The electric transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum interval between successive wagons is 30 seconds. 5. The electric transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that the cars are made of light materials.

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