RU2669966C1 - Equipment for swabbing wells on the production line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the oil industry and can be used for swabbing on the production well string with viscous products, on which the possibility of gas-oil manifestations is excluded. Equipment for swabbing wells on the production line includes a tee with a flush line connected from below to the bottom of the wellhead, and from above is equipped with a junction box with a lubricator equipped with an entry sensor and a cable gland cleanser. At the same time, downhole equipment that consists of a swab, equipped with a load below, and on top with a fishing nipple and a safety rupture element, a pusher and a cable lug for connecting with the rope, is lowered on the rope. Lubricator for the hermetic entry into the connection unit from below is equipped with a tip with an external sampling at the top, a spring-loaded downward glass, spring-loaded outward dies and a central passageway of a larger diameter than the rope tip, and a smaller diameter than the pusher. Connection unit is made in the form of a hollow body with an inner annular groove adapted to interact with the dies after insertion of the tip into the connection unit, and in the connection unit from above there are side openings for the input of the thrust fork configured to interact with the tip sampling and its fixation in the connection unit. Fishing nipple is connected to the swab with a quick-release connection. Between the rupturing element and the pusher, a container with a self-contained depth gauge is mounted on the quick-release couplings. Safety rupture element is made in the form of a quick-release connection tip mounted above the fishing nipple, with a voltage concentrator in the form of a thinning of the tip body, over which a rupture occurs when the permissible load is exceeded. Between the cable lug and the pusher a cargo bar is installed, the length of which is commensurate with the length of the lubricator.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of the use of aggregates for swabbing wells and expanding the functionality through the provision of the possibility of reinstalling the elements of equipment for swabbing on the production column and for swabbing in the tubing string in the field directly at the well by the team of the unit.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry and can be used for swab production casing of wells with viscous products, which excluded the possibility of gas and oil manifestations.

Known equipment for swabbing wells along the tubing string (Valovskiy V.M., Valovskiy K.V. Technique and technology for swabbing wells. - M: OAO VNIIOENG, 2003. - 396 p.), Consisting of downhole equipment designed to lift fluid from the well and including swab, cargo (cargo bar) and the attachment unit of the traction body (rope tip), and wellhead equipment designed to seal the mouth and includes wellhead fittings, preventer, spider, lubricator, swab entry sensor device o for sealing the traction unit (cable gland cleaner) located on a mobile unit with a winch, which provides transportation to the place of use, installation and dismantling of wellhead equipment, descent into the well and removal of downhole equipment from it, communication to the downhole equipment of reciprocating motion with specified parameters when lifting liquids, controlling the swab process and wellhead equipment, bringing the equipment into transport position with the possibility of placing wells th equipment in the lubricator, which is placed and fixed on the folded mast assembly, wherein between the lubricator and gland rope cleaner can be set to automatic assembly, in interaction with elements which downhole equipment occurs disconnection of the gland from the wiper rope lubricator precluding rope breakage in unforeseen situations.

The disadvantage is that when swabbing wells with highly viscous products along the tubing string due to the high forces of hydrodynamic friction between the downhole equipment and the walls of the tubing string due to the small cross-sectional area of the tubing, it is difficult or impossible to lower the swab into the well, which reduces the efficiency of the swabbing process or makes impossible to use.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the equipment for swabbing wells along the production string (Valovsky K.V., Basos G.Yu. et al. The use of spot swabs for lifting liquids from wells along production columns // Oil industry. -2005. - No. 7 - P. 56-60), including a tee with a flow line connected from below to the base of the wellhead, and from above equipped with a connection unit with a lubricator equipped with an input sensor and an oil seal cleaner on which the downhole equipment descends consisting of a swab equipped with a load from below and a fishing branch and safety bursting element from above, a pusher and a rope tip for connecting to the rope, while in the transport position the downhole equipment is arranged to be placed in a lubricator mounted on the mast of the swab unit . The equipment is intended for use in wells where the possibility of gas and oil manifestations is excluded (the field is at a late stage of development, abnormally low reservoir pressures in oil fields with an insignificant gas factor, etc.), and contains wellhead and downhole equipment.

The disadvantage of this equipment for swabbing wells by production casing (EC) is its narrow functional applicability, due to the fact that swabbing in oil fields is carried out mainly on wells that are not complicated by high viscosity of production along tubing strings, while swab aggregates are attached to certain sections with the purpose of reducing the time spent on their journey and transportation costs. If it is necessary to swab a well for EC from the unit, it is necessary to dismantle the equipment for swab for the tubing and install equipment for swab for the EC, which, due to the large size and weight of its components, cannot be performed in the field by the team brigade consisting of a driver and an operator. Therefore, the unit must be distilled to a specialized base for reinstalling the equipment, and then after swabbing for EC it is necessary to return and reinstall the equipment for working on the tubing string, which significantly increases time costs (unproductive use), increases labor costs, fuel consumption and significantly reduces its operation .

The technical objectives of the proposed invention are to increase the efficiency of use of the unit for swabbing wells and expanding functionality by providing the ability to reinstall equipment items for swabbing according to EC and for swabbing along the tubing string in the field directly at the well by the team brigade and reducing the complexity of installing equipment in the well.

These technical problems are solved by equipment for swabbing wells along the production casing (EC), including a tee with a flow line connected from the bottom to the base of the wellhead, and from above equipped with a connection unit with a lubricator equipped with an input sensor and an oil seal cleaner on which the downhole equipment is lowered, consisting of a swab equipped with a load from below and a fishing pipe and a bursting safety element from above, a pusher and a rope tip for connecting to the rope.

New is that the lubricator for a tight entry into the connection node from the bottom is equipped with a tip with an external selection at the top, a spring-loaded downward cup, outwardly spring-loaded dies and a central passage channel of a larger diameter than the rope tip and smaller diameter than the pusher, and the connection node is made in in the form of a hollow body with an inner annular groove configured to interact with the dies after the tip is inserted into the connection node, and side openings are made in the connection node from above entry for the stop plug, made with the possibility of interacting with the tip selection and fixing it in the connection node, while the fishing nozzle is connected to the swab by a quick-detachable connection, a container with an autonomous deep-well device is installed between the bursting element and the pusher on the quick-detachable joints, the safety bursting element is made in in the form of a tip of a quick-detachable connection installed above the fishing nozzle with a stress concentrator in the form of a thinning of the body of the tip, according to which coming off at the gap exceeds the allowable load, and the rope between the tip and the pusher installed cargo bar, whose length is proportionate to the length of the lubricator.

Also new is the fact that the connection unit is made with the possibility of removing the interaction tip with a sealed plug equipped with an external selection for the stop plug, and above the connection side at the side with an additional removable hollow body.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a General view of the wellhead of the equipment; in FIG. 2 - a general view of the downhole part of the equipment; in FIG. 3 - connection node lubricator with a tee; in FIG. 4 is a cross section AA of FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of preparation of equipment for use in a production casing.

Equipment for swabbing wells according to EC 1 (Fig. 1) includes a tee 2 with a flow line 3 (shown conditionally) connected from the bottom to the base 4 of the wellhead 5, and from above equipped with a connection unit 6 with a lubricator 7 equipped with an input sensor 8 and an stuffing box cleaner 9 of the rope 10, on which downhole equipment is lowered, consisting of a swab 11 (Fig. 2), equipped with a load 12 below, and a fishing pipe 13 and a bursting safety element 14, a pusher 15 and a rope tip 16 for connecting to the rope 10 from above.

Lubricator 7 (Fig. 1) for a tight entrance to the connection node 6 below the input sensor 8 is equipped with a tip 17 (Figs. 1 and 3) with an external sample 18 (Fig. 3) at the top, a spring 19 spring-loaded downward, dies 20 spring-loaded outward and a central one passage channel 21. The connection node 6 is made in the form of a hollow body 22 with an inner annular groove 23 made with the possibility of interaction with the dies 20 after the tip 17 is inserted into the connection node 6 (Figs. 3 and 4). In the connection unit 6, side holes 24 (Fig. 4) are made on top for the input of the stop plug 25, which is configured to interact with the external sample 18 (Figs. 3 and 4) of the tip 17 and fix it in the connection unit 6. The central passage channel 21 is made a larger diameter than the cable tip 16 (Fig. 2), and a smaller diameter than the pusher 15. The tightness of the connection of the tip 17 (Fig. 3) with the hollow body 22 can be provided by a seal 26, in this case made in the form of a cuff.

The fishing pipe 13 (Fig. 2) is connected to the swab 11 by a quick-detachable connection 27, like all other components of the downhole equipment are interconnected. The design of the quick coupler 27 is unified with the design of a well-known similar unit, widely used for swabbing on a tubing string (not shown). The safety bursting element 14 is made in the form of a tip 28 of a quick-detachable connection 27 of the fishing nozzle 13. The tip 28 is made with a stress concentrator in the form of a thinning 29 of the body of the tip 28, along which a gap occurs when the permissible load is exceeded.

Between the discontinuous element 14 and the pusher 15, a container 30 with an autonomous deep tool 31 is also installed on quick-detachable connections 27. A cargo rod 32 is located between the cable tip 16 and the pusher 15, the length of which is proportional to the length of the lubricator 7 (Fig. 1).

The connection unit 6 (Fig. 5) is configured to interact with a sealed plug 33, which is installed in the hollow body 22 when removing the tip 17 (Fig. 3). The tight stopper 33 (Fig. 5) is equipped with an external selection 34 for the stop plug 25. The tightness of the connection of the stopper 33 with the hollow body 22 is ensured by a seal 35.

Above the connection unit 6, on the side, there is an additional removable hollow body 36 attached to the hollow body 22, for example, using an arm 37 mounted, for example, in the side eye 38 (Figs. 3, 4 and 5), made outside the hollow body 22 (Fig. . 3 and 5).

Equipment for swabbing wells works as follows.

The swab assembly with the equipment described above installed on it is installed on well 5 (Fig. 5), prepared for swabbing according to EC 1. Tee 2 is installed on the base 4 of the wellhead 5. Hollow body 22 of connection unit 6 is connected to the tee 2 from above. An additional removable hollow body 36 is installed in the eye 38 of the hollow body 22 using, for example, a bracket 37. A tip 17 is attached to the lubricator 7 hanging on the cable 10 below the input sensor 8 (Fig. 3) and lowered into an additional removable top hollow body 36 (Fig. 5) and is fixed in it from further axial downward movement, for example, by thickening 39 (Fig. 3) in the upper part of the tip 17, the diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the additional removable hollow body 36 (Fig. 5), when this lubricator 7 is installed vertically coaxially to the well 5. Then the rope 10 with the help of a winch (not shown in Fig.) is fed down. Under the influence of gravity, the load rod 32, placed in the lubricator 7, is lowered relative to the lubricator 7 and the quick-detachable connection 27 connected to the pusher 15 is connected to the pusher 15 from the hole 21 (Fig. 3) of the tip 17 Then the tension of the rope 10 is made, the load rod 32 with the pusher 15 connected to it moves upward relative to the lubricator 7. Since the outer diameter of the pusher 15 is larger than the diameter of the hole 21 (Fig. 3) of the tip 17 and the cup 19, then after stop Pouring 15 (Fig. 5) from the bottom into the cup 19, the lifting of all the equipment hanging on the rope 10 above the wellhead 5 begins. After this, an additional removable hollow body 36 is dismantled, the borehole part of the equipment is connected to the quick disconnect connection 27 at the lower end of the pusher 15 in the sequence shown in FIG. 2, and descends into the borehole 5. In this case, the tip 17 (Fig. 1) is installed in the hollow body 22 and is hermetically fixed from the axial upward movement using spring-loaded dies 20 (Fig. 3) interacting with the annular groove 23 of the hollow body 22, and from axial downward movement by a thickening 39 in the upper part of the tip 17, the diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow body 22. A flow line 3 is connected to the tee 2 (Fig. 1), the downhole part of the equipment goes down to a predetermined depth below the liquid level. The downhole equipment is lowered due to the gravity of the load rod 32 (Fig. 2) and the load 12. To increase the speed of the downhole equipment lowering in highly viscous products, one or more similar loads can be attached to the bottom 12 (not shown in Fig.). The pointer 40 (Fig. 1) of the input sensor 8 is moved to a horizontal position. Then, on the rope 10, the borehole part of the equipment begins to rise, while lifting to the wellhead 5 along EC 1 and then into the flow line 3 a column of liquid (not shown in Fig.) Located above the swab 11. The sealing of the rope 10 is provided by the gland cleaner 9, and located in the hollow body 22 (Fig. 3) of the connection unit 6 of the tip 17 - seal 26. Since the volume of liquid in a unit length of EC 1 (Fig. 1) is several times higher than the same value in the tubing string, it is necessary to raise the swab efficiency swab 11 (Fig. 2) as close as possible to the wellhead 5 (Fig. 1), so that as much fluid as possible enters the flow line 3 and remains as small as possible above the swab 11 (Fig. 2) and on the next descent goes back to the well 5. For this purpose the rope 10 is raised before the cable tip 16 interacts with the input sensor 8 (Fig. 1), as the pointer 40 visually indicates, after the input sensor 8 is activated, the downhole part of the equipment again descends on the cable 10 into the well 5 to a predetermined depth below the liquid level . Further swab cycles are repeated.

If it is necessary to revise the state of the swab 11 (Fig. 2) or to take readings from the downhole tool 31, the downhole part of the equipment rises to the wellhead until the pointer 40 (Fig. 1) of the inlet sensor 8 rises, after which the rope 10 continues to rise at the minimum speed The rope tip 16 (Fig. 2) with a load bar 32 go into the lubricator 7 (Fig. 1), and the pusher 15 (Fig. 2) interacts with the spring-loaded cup 19 (Fig. 3) and lifts it up relative to the tip 17, with this spring-loaded dies 20 are pressed with a glass 19 internal tip 17, go out of interaction with the inner annular groove 23, and tip 17 comes out of the hollow body 22. This ensures a full bore opening of the wellhead 5 in the connection node 6, through which the entire borehole part of the equipment is removed to the surface and the swab 11 can be revised ( Fig. 2), its replacement, taking readings from the downhole tool 31. In this case, the full bore hole in the connection node 6 (Fig. 5) is closed by a sealed plug 33, which, if necessary, can be fixed in the hollow body 22 (Fig. 4) using a stop plug 25 inserted through the side holes 24 of the hollow body 22 and interacting with the ends of the outer sample 34 of the sealed plug 33. Tightness of the connection of the plug 33 with a hollow body 22 is provided with a seal 35. This will prevent accidental ingress of foreign objects into the well 5 (Fig. 5) and prevent the possible smell of oil gas and hydrogen sulfide from the well 5, which will make work on the mouth more e eco-friendly and safe.

Upon completion of swab work at this well, the borehole part of the equipment is removed as described above from well 5 (Fig. 1), sequentially dismantled to pusher 15 (Fig. 2), on which tip 17 rests (Fig. 1) and on which it is held on a rope 10 lubricator 7.

If the next well is planned for swabbing along the tubing string, the full-bore hole in the connection unit 6 (Fig. 5) is closed by a sealed plug 33, and an additional removable hollow body 36 is installed in the eye 38 of the hollow body 22 using the bracket 37. Lubricator hanging on the rope 10 7 is lowered by a tip 17 (Fig. 3) from above into an additional removable hollow body 36 (Fig. 5) until it stops thickening 39 (Fig. 3) into the upper end of the additional removable body 36 (Fig. 5), the rope 10 is fed down. Under the influence of gravity, the load rod 32 located in the lubricator 7 is lowered relative to the lubricator 7, the pusher 15 also moves down, and a quick-disconnect connection 27 installed on the lower end of the load rod 32 comes out of the hole 21 (Fig. 3) of the tip 17; which allows the pusher 15 to be disconnected from it. In the same position, if necessary, loosen the threaded connection of the lubricator 7 below the input sensor 8 with the tip 17 (Fig. 3). Then the rope 10 is tensioned (Fig. 5), the rope tip 16 moves up and abuts against the stuffing box cleaner 9 of the rope 10. The lubricator 7 with the tip 17 is lifted above the wellhead 5, an additional removable hollow body 36 is dismantled. The tip 17 is removed from the lubricator 7 hanging on the cable 10 (Fig. 3), and since the length of the load rod 32 (Fig. 2) is commensurate with the length of the lubricator 7, taking into account the input sensor 8 included in it, then with the tip 17 removed (Fig. 3) ) from the lubricator 7 (Fig. 5) below the sensor 8, a quick-connect connection 27 installed on the lower end of the load rod 32 will protrude, to which, when swabbing the next well, a corresponding swab will be connected through the tubing string (not shown in Fig.).

If the next well is planned for swabbing according to EC 1, then after disconnecting the downhole part of the equipment from the pusher 15, the lubricator 7 with the tip 17 (Fig. 3) is lowered back into the hollow body 22 of the connection unit 6. The thrust is inserted into the side holes 24 (Fig. 4) a plug 25, which interacts with the ends of the external sample 18 of the tip 17 and securely fixes it in the connection node 6. In order to prevent the stop plug 25 from arbitrarily leaving the connection node 6, the latter may be equipped with some known lock, for example, a clip soy 41. After this, the flow line 3 is dismantled (Fig. 1), the tee 2 is disconnected from the base 4 of the wellhead 5 and on the rope 10 rises together with the connection unit 6 and the lubricator 7, is placed on the mast of the unit (not shown in Fig.) and after folding the mast of the unit is fixed on it in the transport position. The unit moves and is installed on the next well 5 for swabbing according to EC 1. The lubricator 7 with the tee 2 connected to it through the connection unit 6 is lowered on the rope 10 and installed on the base 4 of the wellhead 5. After that, the stop plug 25 (Fig. 4) is removed from the connection unit 6, and the lubricator 7 (Fig. 1) with the tip 17 on the rope 10 is lifted above the well 5. To the pusher 15 (Fig. 2) below is connected shown in Fig. 2, the downhole part of the equipment is lowered into the well, the tip 17 (Fig. 3) is installed in the hollow body 22 and fixed in it using spring-loaded dies 20, the flow line 3 is connected to the tee 2 (Fig. 1) and the process of swabbing according to EC 1 begins .

The use of the container 30 located in the downhole part of the equipment (Fig. 2) allows you to place an autonomous deep device 31 in it, which records the protocol of pressure and temperature of the liquid over the swab 11 during the swab process, and evaluate, for example, the effectiveness of the application swabs of 11 different designs. To communicate the cavities of the borehole 5 and the container 30 and the entry of borehole fluid into it, openings 42 are made in the upper and lower parts thereof.

The safety bursting element 14, made in the form of the body of the tip 28 of the quick coupler 27 located between the container 30 and the fishing nozzle 13, is designed to prevent the breakage of the rope 10 when the swab 11 may be stuck in the well 5, since due to the stress concentrator made in the form of a thinning 29 body of the tip 28, its rupture occurs at a load less than the breaking strength of the rope 10. This facilitates further fishing operations, since the entire rope 10, the rope tip 16, cargo I have a rod 32, a pusher 15 and a container 30 with the device 31 are removed to the surface, after which the remaining in the well 5 fishing pipe 13, swab 11 and the load 12 can be removed behind the fishing pipe 13 using a standard pipe (not shown in Fig.).

This embodiment of equipment for swabbing wells along the production string allows increasing the efficiency of using the unit for swabbing wells and expanding functionality by providing the ability to reinstall equipment items for swabbing along the production string and for swabbing along the tubing string in the field directly at the well by the unit crew.

Claims (2)

1. Equipment for swabbing wells along the production casing, including a tee with a flow line connected from below to the base of the wellhead, and from above equipped with a connection unit with a lubricator equipped with an inlet sensor and an stuffing box cleaner, on which downhole equipment consisting of a swab equipped with bottom with a load, and top with a fishing pipe and a safety bursting element, a pusher and a rope tip for connecting with a rope, characterized in that the lubricator is for tight about the entrance to the connection node from below it is equipped with a tip with an external selection at the top, a spring spring loaded downwards, dies spring-loaded outward and a central passage channel of a larger diameter than the rope tip and a smaller diameter than the pusher, and the connection node is made in the form of a hollow body with an inner ring groove made with the possibility of interaction with the dies after the tip is inserted into the connection node, and in the connection node from the top there are lateral openings for the entrance of the stop plug, made with possible the interaction with the selection of the tip and its fixation in the connection node, while the fishing nozzle is connected to the swab by a quick-detachable connection, between the bursting element and the pusher a quick-detachable container is installed on the quick-detachable connections, the safety bursting element is made in the form of a quick-detachable tip installed above the fishing branch pipe, with a stress concentrator in the form of a thinning of the body of the tip, along which there is a gap when exceeding the permissible load And the rope between the tip and the pusher installed cargo bar, whose length is proportionate to the length of the lubricator. 2. The equipment according to p. 1, characterized in that the connection unit is made with the possibility of removing the interaction tip with a sealed plug equipped with an external selection for the stop plug, and above the connection side on the side with an additional removable hollow body.

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