RU2658247C1 - Passenger cars air distributors and electric air distributors automated testing bench - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: test engineering; transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the railway rolling stock braking equipment testing benches. Passenger cars air distributors and electric air distributors automated testing bench is additionally equipped with the clamp for the switching valve securing, associated with it switching valve reservoir, equipped with the electronic pressure sensor, additional brake reservoir equipped with the electronic pressure sensor, additional pressure reducer, additional filter and additional controlled electromagnetic valves.

EFFECT: enabling increase in the bench performance and expansion of its functionality.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to stands for testing brake equipment of rolling stock of railway transport and can be used for testing air distributors No. 292, 292M, 242, electric air distributors No. 305, switching valves of passenger cars and locomotives, as well as motor-car rolling stock for compliance with the requirements of the General repair manuals for brake equipment of cars ”732-ЦВ-ЦЛ.

Known stands for testing air distributors and electric air distributors of passenger cars, providing testing only in manual mode.

These include, for example, a universal bench for testing air distributors and electric air distributors for passenger cars, developed by the Design Bureau of the carriage facilities of Russian Railways. (The catalog "Automatic brakes of rolling stock of railway transport", Moscow, 2002, author VR Asadchenko, p. 84).

The stand is made in the form of a remote control of a welded structure having a top sheet of the table, a front panel and equipped with two pneumatic clamps controlled by pedals. With their help, the air distributor No. 305 and the air distributor No. 292 are connected to the stand, respectively, to check their basic characteristics. Changing the operating modes of these devices is carried out by crane No. 334 E (or a replacement device) and valves on the top sheet of the table. Pressure monitoring in tanks is carried out using pressure gauges on the front panel. The electric parameters of the electro-pneumatic brake (EPT) are changed by an autotransformer, evaluated according to the ammeter and voltmeter, and the position of the EPT is determined by switching on the corresponding lamps - O, P and T. The pneumatic circuit of the stand complies with the requirements for Repair Instructions for car braking equipment No. 292. The electrical circuit is similar to the two-wire EPT scheme of passenger cars with the difference that the level of direct rectified voltage is easily changed using an autotransformer. The stand is connected to a pressure line with a compressed air pressure of at least 0.6 MPa and an electrical network with a voltage of 220 V and a current frequency of 50 Hz. Inspection and preventive repair of the stand is carried out every three months with the recording of the results in the log of the form VU-47. The current test of the stand is performed by the master or foreman of the automatic gearbox in accordance with the requirements of Instruction No. 292, which also determines the test procedure for air distributors No. 292, 292M and electric air distributors No. 305.

Automated stands for testing air distributors and electric air distributors for passenger cars are known.

One of these stands is a control device for air distribution of passenger cars (UKVRP), manufactured by CJSC Research Institute "Tormo", Yekaterinburg (see http://www.tormo.su/products/5_ukyrp.htm).

UKVRP is designed to verify the technical characteristics of the air distributors of passenger cars No. 292, 292M, 242 and electric air distributors No. 305 and allows automation of control and measurement operations during acceptance tests of air distributors at manufacturers and after-repair tests in car depots and automatic transmissions. Acceptance of new or repaired air distributors at UKVRP significantly improves the quality of input control of devices due to automation, which eliminates the subjectivity of decision-making, the absence of reference parts, whose functions are controlled by the program for processing information from high-frequency meters, and automatically determining the specific location of a malfunction in the received device, which greatly facilitates the repair. The acceptance performance is also increased, and the personnel’s servicing device does not require high qualification, since acceptance is automatic.

An improvement of VHCR is the control stand for air distributors of passenger cars (RF patent for utility model No. 103873). This stand contains pneumatic equipment control and switching units with air pressure control sensors and corresponding mounting flanges with pneumatic clamps, a pressure rate measuring unit made in the form of an additional pressure stabilizer and throttle valve, while the design of the connecting flange is made suitable for installing different air distributors , including number 242.

The stand checks the air distributor according to the program-defined list of parameters. Quantitative measurement results are displayed on the display of the control stand and transferred to the database of his computer, where they are qualitatively compared and stored. Test results are displayed on the stand display.

Based on the accumulated information, a test report is generated, which can be printed out for printing on a printer.

The stand software allows you to perform the following functions:

- pneumatics and electronics control;

- monitoring the health of components of the stand;

- determination of the diagnosed object and its parameters and comparison of the measured parameters with the normalized value;

- storage of control results, their presentation.

The closest analogue of the invention is the “Stand for automated testing of air distributors No. 292 and No. 305 of type A2496K” (see http://static.scbist.com/scb/uploaded/1_katalog_ne_standartizirovannogo_tehnologicheskogo_oben .pdf).

This stand provides automated tests of air distributors No. 292, 292M and electric air distributors No. 305, as well as their manual tests.

To ensure automated testing, the test bench contains a feed line to which an external source of compressed air is connected through a pressure reducer. At the same time, to the supply line through controlled electromagnetic valves are connected:

reservoir of the brake line, connected through controlled electromagnetic valves and throttle openings to the atmosphere and the supply line of the stand, as well as to the clamp for fixing the air diffusers No. 292, 292M, connected through controlled electromagnetic valves to the spare reservoir and to the brake reservoir, which simulates the brake cylinder;

clamp for fixing the electric air distributor No. 305, with which a spare reservoir, a reservoir of the working chamber and a brake reservoir are connected through controlled electromagnetic valves.

The brake line reservoir, spare reservoir, brake reservoir, working chamber reservoir and feed line are equipped with analog-type electronic pressure sensors associated with an electronic control unit, to which controlled electromagnetic valves are also connected, as well as visualization and recording of test results. In addition, an electronic pressure sensor is provided in the stand, which is connected to the spool chamber of the tested air distributor. The electronic control unit includes input-output means for connecting electronic pressure sensors and controlled electromagnetic valves. In this case, the electronic control unit, visualization and recording of measurement results are made on the basis of a personal computer (system unit, monitor, printer).

This stand provides consecutive automated tests of air distributors No. 292, 292M and electric air distributors No. 305, a printout of the test report, storage of their results, as well as the ability to transfer information about the tests to a centralized database using communication channels. In addition, in order to verify operability, the stand provides the possibility of self-diagnosis.

The disadvantages of the stand include:

- the inability to test the switching valve regardless of the electric air distributor No. 305;

- the inability to simultaneously test the air distributor and the electric air distributor;

- lack of automated monitoring of compliance with the requirements of the “General guidance for the repair of brake equipment of wagons” 732-CV-TsL in terms of checking the stand before the start of each shift, as well as after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months;

- the need to change the adjustment of the pressure reducer from a value of 0.5 + 0.2 MPa required for testing and checking the stand before the start of the work shift by 0.6 + 0.5 MPa required for checking the stand for the density of the tanks after inspection and stand repair every 3 months.

The technical result, the achievement of which the invention is directed, is to increase the productivity of the stand and expand its functionality, namely:

- it was possible to simultaneously test in automatic mode both the pneumatic air distributor No. 292 (No. 292M, 242) and the electric air distributor No. 305, as well as a switching valve;

- the possibility of operating a faulty stand due to a mandatory check before the start of each shift, as well as after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months;

- eliminated the need to adjust the pressure reducer connected to an external source of compressed air, either to check the density of the tanks after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months, or for other modes of operation of the stand.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the stand for automated testing of air distributors and electric air distributors of passenger cars, containing a supply line equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, to which an external source of compressed air is connected through an isolation valve, filter and pressure reducer, while the supply line is through controlled electromagnetic valves a brake line reservoir connected with an electronic pressure sensor connected through a controllable electromagnetic solenoid valves and throttle openings with the atmosphere and feed line of the bench, as well as with a clamp for fixing the air distributor, connected via controlled electromagnetic valves to the spare and brake reservoirs, which are equipped with electronic pressure sensors, and also connected to the atmosphere, respectively, through a controlled electromagnetic valve and through controlled electromagnetic valve and throttle hole, electronic pressure sensor connected to the spool chamber air distributor, clamp for fixing the electric air distributor, to which a working chamber reservoir equipped with an electronic pressure sensor is connected through a controlled electromagnetic valve, an electronic control unit containing an interconnected processor with a control program, a memory module, means for connecting electronic pressure sensors, means for connecting controlled electromagnetic gates and means of exchanging information via an external data network, and means are connected to the processor to analyze and record the test results, it is equipped with a clamp for securing the switching valve, an associated switching valve reservoir equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, an additional brake reservoir equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, an additional pressure reducer, an additional filter, additional throttle openings and additional controlled electromagnetic valves, the first of which connects an additional brake reservoir to the clip heating the electric air distributor, connected through the second to the supply line, also connected through the first additional throttle hole and connected in parallel to the third and fourth additional controlled electromagnetic valves with a clamp to secure the switching valve, the fifth additional controlled electromagnetic valve connects the additional brake reservoir through the second additional throttle hole to the atmosphere sixth additional controlled electromagnetic vein the til connects the reservoir of the switching valve to the atmosphere, the seventh additional controlled electromagnetic valve connects the supply line to the isolation valve through an additional pressure reducer and an additional filter.

In addition, electronic pressure sensors differ in that they are digital, and the means for connecting electronic pressure sensors provide data transfer via the CAN interface. At the same time, the control program of the processor of the electronic control unit prohibits the operation of the stand without mandatory checks before the start of each shift and after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months.

The pneumatic circuit of the bench is divided by functional feature and is shown in FIG. 1-4.

In FIG. 1 shows a part of the pneumatic circuit of the test bench connected with connecting an external source of compressed air 1 to the supply line of the test bench 2 through an uncoupling valve 3 and two parallel circuits, one of which consists of a filter 4 and a pressure reducer 5 connected in series (adjusted to a pressure of 0.5 + 0 , 02 MPa) and is used in all modes of operation of the stand, except for the mode of checking the stand after inspection and repair, in which another circuit is used, consisting of a series-connected controlled electromagnetic valve 6, a filter RA 7 and gearbox 8 (adjusted to a pressure of 0.6 + 0.05 MPa).

The pressure in the supply line 2 measures the electronic pressure sensor 9.

In FIG. 2 shows a part of the pneumatic circuit of the test bench related to the tests of air distributors No. 292, 292M, 242, containing the supply line of the test bench 2, which is fed in two parallel circuits directly through a controlled electromagnetic valve 10 or at a slow rate through a series-connected controlled electromagnetic valve 11 and a throttle hole 12 (diameter 0.8 mm) charges the reservoir of the brake line 13 (volume 55 l), the pressure in which measures the electronic pressure sensor 14.

The reservoir of the brake line 13 is connected to the clamp to secure the air diffuser 15, and also with the help of controlled electromagnetic valves 16, 17, 18 can be connected to the atmosphere through the corresponding throttle holes 19 (diameter 8 mm), 20 (diameter 5 mm), 21 (diameter 0.9 mm) to ensure the discharge of this tank at a pace, emergency and service braking, as well as the pace of softness.

A controlled solenoid valve 22 connected to the clamp for fixing the air distributor 15 provides charging of the spare tank 23 (volume 78 l), the pressure of which is measured by the electronic pressure sensor 24, from the air distributor. The discharge of the reserve tank 23 after testing in the atmosphere provides an electromagnetic valve 25.

The controlled electromagnetic valve 26 provides charging from the air distributor (the air distributor is not shown in Fig. 2) to the brake reservoir 27 (volume 20 l), the pressure of which is measured by the electronic pressure sensor 28, and the discharge of this reservoir into the atmosphere is provided by the controlled electromagnetic valve 29 through the throttle 30 ( diameter 1 mm).

In addition, the stand is equipped with an electronic pressure sensor 31, which is connected to the spool chamber of the air distributor.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the part of the pneumatic circuit associated with testing the air distributor No. 305, containing the supply line of the bench 2, which, through a controlled electromagnetic valve 32, supplies compressed air to the air distributor mounted on the clamp for fixing the air distributor 33 (not shown in Fig. 3, the air distributor is not shown)

Using a controlled electromagnetic valve 34, the electric air distributor is connected to the brake reservoir 35 (volume 20 l), the pressure of which is measured by an electronic pressure sensor 36, and the discharge of this reservoir at a slow rate into the atmosphere through the controlled electromagnetic valve 37 provides a throttle hole 38 (diameter 1 mm).

A controlled solenoid valve 39 provides the connection of an electric air distributor to the reservoir of the working chamber 40 (volume 1.5 l), the pressure in which is measured by an electronic pressure sensor 41.

In FIG. 4 shows a pneumatic circuit for testing a switching valve, comprising a supply line 2, which is connected through a throttle hole 42 (diameter 1 mm) and two parallel controlled solenoid valves 43, 44 to the clamp to secure the switching valve 45 and ensures that the reservoir of the switching valve 46 is filled with compressed air (volume 1.5 l), the pressure in which the electronic pressure sensor 47 measures.

Moreover, the discharge of this tank into the atmosphere provides a controlled solenoid valve 48.

A block diagram of the electrical part of the stand is shown in Fig. 5 and contains an electronic control unit 49, which includes an interconnected processor 50 with a control program, a memory module 51, means 52 for connecting electronic pressure sensors via CAN interface 53, means 54 for connecting controlled electromagnetic valves and means 55 for exchanging information via an external data network 56.

The visualization means 57 and the means for recording test results 58 are also associated with the processor 50. A stand operator for entering information, selecting operating modes, and the like. uses a computer keyboard and the Mouse mouse (in Fig. 5, the means for entering information by the operator are not shown), as well as visualization tools 58, if implemented on the basis of a touch monitor.

Visualization tools 58 provide a display of the parameters of the air distributors, electric air distributors and switching valves during their tests, as well as showing the parameters of the stand itself during the check of its serviceability.

The choice of CAN-interface 53 ensures the use of digital pressure sensors in the stand, which eliminates analog-to-digital converters for data input from analog pressure sensors, thereby simplifying the electrical part of the stand.

In addition, the electronic control unit 49 provides control of the operating modes of the electric air distributor (control circuits not shown in FIG. 5).

The stand works as follows.

After turning on the power (the power circuit of the stand is not shown in FIG. 5), the control program of the processor 50 determines the need for verification after the next inspection and repair of the stand, comparing the current date with the date of the previous check stored in the memory module 51.

If such a need is identified, in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 39.5 of the “General Guide for the Repair of Brake Equipment of Cars” 732-CV-TsL, the density of all reservoirs of the stand is checked. For this, being guided by the message on the screen of visualization means 58, serviceable air distributor, electric air distributor and plug of the switching valve are installed, respectively, on the clamps 15, 33, 45. In these tests, the supply line 2 is connected to an external source of compressed air 1 through an uncoupling valve 3, a controlled solenoid valve 6, a filter 7 and a gearbox 8, adjusted to a pressure value of 0.6 + 0.05 MPa.

To check the density of the reservoir of the brake line 13, the spare reservoir 23, the brake reservoir 27 are controlled electromagnetic valves 10,22,26. After charging the reservoir of the brake line 13 and the spare reservoir 23 to a pressure value of 0.6 + 0.05 MPa, the controlled electromagnetic valve 10 is turned off and 17 is turned on, providing discharge of the reservoir of the brake line 13 by the speed of service braking through the throttle hole 20 with a diameter of 5 mm. When the pressure in the reservoir of the brake line 13 is reduced by 0.15 MPa, the controlled electromagnetic valves 22, 26, 17 are turned off, after which the pressure in the reservoir of the brake line 13, the spare reservoir 23, and the brake reservoir 27 are measured.

At the same time, the density in the brake reservoir 35 and the reservoir of the working chamber 40 is checked, for which controlled electromagnetic valves 32, 39 are turned on. 34 and the electric air distributor is switched to the “braking” mode by applying voltage to the coils of its valves. When the pressure in the working chamber 40 reaches a value of 0.46 MPa, the electric air distributor is switched to the “overlap” mode, the controlled electromagnetic valves 32, 34, 39 are turned off and the pressure in the brake reservoir 35 and the reservoir of the working chamber 40 are measured for 5 minutes.

At the same time, to check the density in the reservoir of the switching valve 46, a controlled solenoid valve 43 is turned on, which, when the pressure in the reservoir of the switching valve 46 reaches 0.35 MPa, is turned off, after which the pressure in the reservoir of the switching valve 46 is measured for 5 minutes.

The control program of the processor 50 compares the pressure values measured for 5 minutes in all reservoirs of the bench with the normalized values stored in the memory module 51. In the event of non-compliance with the standard values, further operation of the stand is prohibited. In this case, after the repair is carried out, a repeated check is made.

If there is no need to check the stand after inspection and repair, the control program of the processor 50 checks whether the stand was tested before the start of the shift, comparing the current time with the time of the previous check stored in the memory module 51. In this case, if necessary of such an inspection, the stand is inspected in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 39.6 of the General Guide for the Repair of Brake Equipment of Cars 732-CV-TsL.

To do this, being guided by a message on the visualization screen 58, a working air distributor and an electric air distributor are installed on the corresponding clamps 15 and 33. In these tests, the supply line 2 is connected to an external source of compressed air 1 through an isolation valve 3, filter 4 and gearbox 5, adjusted by pressure 0.5 + 0.02 MPa.

Verification is performed in the following order.

The controlled electromagnetic valves 10, 22, 26 are turned on, providing charging of the reservoir of the brake line 13 and the spare reservoir 23.

After charging the reservoir of the brake line 13 to a pressure value of 0.5 + 0.02 MPa, the controlled electromagnetic valve 10 is turned off and 18 is turned on, ensuring that this reservoir is connected to the atmosphere through a throttle hole 21 with a diameter of 0.9 mm to measure the rate of pressure reduction with a soft rate of compliance with the norm.

Then, the controlled electromagnetic valve 10 turns on again, charging the reservoir of the brake line 13 to 0.5 + 0.02 MPa, and then turns off simultaneously with the activation of the controlled electromagnetic valve 17, ensuring that this tank is connected to the atmosphere through a throttle hole 20 with a diameter of 5 mm to measure the decrease pressure pace of service braking for compliance with the norm. Then, the pressure decrease of this tank is measured in the same way as the rate of emergency braking when connected to the atmosphere through a throttle hole 19 with a diameter of 8 mm using a controlled electromagnetic valve 16.

Simultaneously with checking the rate of change of pressure in the reservoir of the brake line 13, the density of the reservoir of the working chamber 40 is checked in the same way as checking this reservoir when checking the test bench after repair and inspection.

If the measured values do not meet the norm, the control program of the processor 50 prohibits further operation of the stand. In this case, after the repair is carried out, a repeated check is made.

If the parameters of the stand correspond to the norm, the control program allows the testing of the air distributor,

an electric air distributor and a switching valve, all tests can be carried out simultaneously.

Tests of air distributors are carried out in accordance with paragraphs 39.2.1-39.2.6 of the "General Guide for the Repair of Brake Equipment of Cars" 732-CV-TsL.

The tests are carried out automatically by the control program of the processor 50, which acts on controlled electromagnetic valves 10.11, 16, 17, 18, 22, 25, 26, 29 through means 54 for connecting controlled electromagnetic valves and receives information from electronic pressure sensors 14, 24, 28, 31 using means 52 for connecting electronic pressure sensors.

Tests of electric air distributors are carried out in accordance with paragraphs 39.3.1-39.3.6 of the "General Guide for the repair of brake equipment of cars" 732-CV-TsL.

The tests are carried out automatically by the control program of the processor 50, which acts on the controlled electromagnetic valves 32, 34, 37 through the means 54 for connecting the controlled electromagnetic valves, as well as on the solenoid valves of the electric air distributor, and receives information from electronic pressure sensors 36, 41 using means 52 for connecting electronic pressure sensors.

Tests of the switching valve are carried out in accordance with paragraph 39.3.7 of the "General Guide for the Repair of Brake Equipment of Cars" 732-CV-TsL.

The tests are carried out automatically by the control program of the processor 50, which acts on the controlled electromagnetic valves 43, 44, 48 through means 54 for connecting controlled electromagnetic valves, and receives information from the electronic pressure sensor 47 using means 52 for connecting electronic pressure sensors.

In the stand, the test results were saved in the memory module 50, information about the tests carried out was transmitted to a centralized database via an external data network 56 using means 55 for exchanging information on an external network, and a test report was printed out using means 58 for recording test results.

Thus, the proposed stand provides an increase in the productivity of the stand and the expansion of its functionality, namely:

- it was possible to simultaneously test in automatic mode both the pneumatic air distributor No. 292 (No. 292M, 242) and the electric air distributor No. 305, as well as a switching valve;

- the possibility of operating a faulty stand due to a mandatory check before the start of each shift, as well as after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months;

- eliminated the need to adjust the pressure reducer connected to an external source of compressed air, either to check the density of the tanks after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months, or for other modes of operation of the stand.

Claims (3)

1. A test bench for automated testing of air distributors and electric air distributors of passenger cars, containing a supply line equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, to which an external source of compressed air is connected through an uncoupling valve, filter and pressure reducer, while the brake line reservoir is connected to the supply line through controlled electromagnetic valves equipped with an electronic pressure sensor connected through controlled electromagnetic valves and throttles openings with the atmosphere and the feed line of the stand, as well as with a clamp for fixing the air distributor, connected via controlled electromagnetic valves to the spare and brake reservoirs, which are equipped with electronic pressure sensors, and also connected to the atmosphere, respectively, through a controlled electromagnetic valve and through a controlled electromagnetic valve and throttle hole, electronic pressure sensor connected to the spool chamber of the tested air distributor, clamp for filling heating of the electric air distributor, to which a working chamber reservoir equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, an electronic control unit containing interconnected processor with a control program, a memory module, means for connecting electronic pressure sensors, means for connecting controlled electromagnetic valves and information exchange devices is connected through a controlled electromagnetic valve via an external data transmission network, moreover, the means of visualization and recording of the results of torture, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a clamp for securing the switching valve, associated with it a reservoir of the switching valve, equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, an additional brake reservoir, equipped with an electronic pressure sensor, an additional pressure reducer, an additional filter, additional throttle openings and additional controlled electromagnetic valves the first of which connects an additional brake reservoir to the clamp for fixing an electric air distributor connected through the second to the supply line, also connected through the first additional throttle hole and connected in parallel to the third and fourth additional controlled electromagnetic valves with a clamp to secure the switching valve, the fifth additional controlled electromagnetic valve connects the additional brake reservoir through the second additional throttle hole to the atmosphere sixth optional controllable solenoid valve Connects the reservoir switching valve with the atmosphere, the seventh additional control solenoid valve connects the highway with nutritional razobschitelnym crane through an additional pressure reducer and an additional filter. 2. A stand for automated testing of air distributors and electric air distributors of passenger cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic pressure sensors are digital and connected to the electronic control unit via the CAN interface. 3. A test bench for automated testing of air distributors and electric air distributors of passenger cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the control program of the processor of the electronic control unit prohibits the operation of the stand without mandatory checks before each shift starts and after inspection and repair of the stand every 3 months.

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