RU2652149C1 - Method of protective forest strands growing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of protective forest stands growing in arid conditions. Method includes the establishment of forest stands consisting of alternating rows of the drought-resistant and moisture-loving species of trees, located across the slopes main direction or along the terrain level lines. In the course of forest stand laying, planting in parallel to each other rows of drought-resistant tree species with the width of row spacing of two times the of the tillage and planting equipment tillage width, after which they grow up to a height of 2 - 2.5 m. Then from both sides of the aisle from the rows of grown trees towards the centre of forest stand for its entire length forming a bevelled surface with a depression to the centre of the aisle for not less than 10 cm. In the centre of row-spacings, seedlings of valuable moisture-loving tree species are planted and they grow under the cover of rows of drought-resistant species.

EFFECT: method will enable increase in the composition of forest stands of the most valuable coniferous, broad-leaved and fruit trees, biodiversity, increasing overall biological productivity of the planted forests and reducing the unproductive consumption of seedlings and tree seeds.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for growing protective afforestation in arid conditions.

1. There is a known method of growing field-afforestation afforestation, in which forest belts are laid at regular intervals along the field boundaries and in the field itself — across the main direction of the winds (1). The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of its use in difficult landscape conditions.

2. There is also a known method, including the laying of afforestation, consisting of alternating rows of trees and shrubs, in which when planting forest belts on the slopes, their rows are located across the main direction of the slopes or its improved version - with the arrangement of forest belts horizontally (2). The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility in arid conditions to increase biodiversity and increase the overall bio-productivity of plantings by differentially growing moisture-loving and drought-resistant tree species.

3. Closest to the claimed method of growing afforestation, including the laying of afforestation, consisting of alternating rows of drought-resistant and moisture-loving tree species, in which the rows are completely formed from drought-resistant species on elevated and level relief elements, and the extreme rows of afforestation are formed from them , and on the lowered relief elements, rows are formed from moisture-loving tree species (3). This method allows you to increase the accumulation of biomass and increase the biodiversity of afforestation by differentially growing moisture-loving and drought-resistant tree species.

The disadvantage of this method of growing afforestation afforestation is that when growing afforestation in arid conditions, the cultivation area of the most valuable moisture-loving tree species is limited to the area occupied by lowered relief elements. Since the direction of the natural dry land network formed by lowered relief elements often does not coincide with the direction of laying forest belts, the share of the most valuable moisture-loving tree species in the composition of protective forest stands is significantly reduced and is limited only by the area of lowered relief elements that coincides with the forest belt route. Seedlings of moisture-loving tree species when trying to grow them on the positive elements of the relief in arid conditions, immediately or eventually die from lack of moisture and fall out of the forest stand or become oppressed and remain low-monitored. The same thing happens when trying to grow moisture-loving rocks with a leveled relief in arid conditions, which increases the unproductive consumption of seedlings.

The objective of the invention is to increase the proportion of the most valuable coniferous, broad-leaved and fruit trees in the composition of protective afforestation — increase biodiversity, increase the overall biological productivity of afforestation, reduce unproductive consumption of seedlings and tree seeds.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the first year they plant rows of drought-resistant tree species and grow them, after which they form a microrelief of row-spacing and plant seedlings of moisture-loving tree species in them.

The proposed method for growing protective afforestation is carried out as follows: along the highway, forest strips plant rows 1 and 2 of drought-resistant tree species parallel to each other, placing them at a distance twice the width of the tillage and planting equipment, after which they grow to a height of 2 - 2.5 m to reduce the dependence of the root systems of plants directly on the moisture of precipitation and to cover the inner space of the forest belt from the wind and excessive evaporation of moisture (figure 1). Then, on both sides of the row-spacings from rows of grown trees towards the center of the forest belt, a slanted surface is formed along its entire length with a depression of at least 10 cm to the center of row-spacing 3 to drain moisture from melt and melt water into the planting zone of moisture-loving tree species and ensure their better moisture supply, growth and development. In the center of row-spacing 3, seedlings of valuable moisture-loving coniferous, broad-leaved or fruit trees 4 are planted, and under the cover of rows of drought-resistant species 1 and 2, they are grown (Fig. 2).

Using the claimed method provides an increase in the composition of forest stands for the share of the most valuable coniferous, broad-leaved and fruit trees — an increase in biodiversity, an increase in the overall biological productivity of forest stands and a decrease in unproductive consumption of seedlings and tree seeds.

Information sources

1. Guidelines for the design and cultivation of protective forest stands on the lands of agricultural enterprises of the RSFSR. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1979. - S.13-15.

2. Kuznetsov M. S. et al. Erosion and soil protection. - Moscow State University, 1996 .-- P.218, 280, 285 - 287.

3. Patent RU No. 2353086 C1, 04/27/2009.

Claims (1)

A method of growing protective afforestation, including the laying of afforestation, consisting of alternating rows of drought-tolerant and moisture-loving tree species placed across the main direction of the slopes or horizontally, characterized in that when laying the forest belts, rows of drought-resistant tree species are planted parallel to each other with two row spacings, exceeding the working width of tillage and planting equipment, after which they are grown to a height of 2 - 2.5 m, then on both sides of the row-spacings I, from the rows of grown trees towards the center of the forest belt, form a beveled surface along its entire length with a depression of at least 10 cm to the center of the row-spacing, seedlings of valuable moisture-loving species of trees are planted in the center of the row-spacings, and under the cover of rows of drought-resistant species, they are grown.

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