RU2626488C1 - Composition for producing heat-resistant composites - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method is carried out by adding microsilica from the production of ferrosilicon to the composition at the following component ratio, wt %: spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15; crushed stone with the fraction of 5-10 mm 33-40; H₃PO₄ 10-15; aluminium-chromium waste of aluminium alloys etching 24-30; microsilica from the production of ferrosilicon 10-13.

EFFECT: increased mechanical strength and thermal resistance of heat-resistant composite, industrial waste utilization, environmental protection, expansed raw material base for building materials.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to the production of heat-resistant composites (concrete) based on chemical binders, to chemical binders used in heat-resistant composites (concrete) based on chemical binders. Chemical binders used in heat-resistant concrete include liquid glass, silicate block (a transparent glassy alloy of alkaline silicates - semi-finished liquid glass) and phosphate binders.

Known compositions for producing porous aggregates (for concrete) based on chemical binders of the following composition, wt. %: water glass - 45-65; sodium chloride - 5-15; waste from a mining and processing factory in coal enrichment - 15-20; inter-shale clay formed during the production of oil shale - 15-20 (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2440312, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Abdrakhimova ES, Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov VZ, Kulikov V.A .; applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after academician SP Korolev. - No. 2012222114. Declared May 31, 2010; publ. January 20, 2012. Bull. No. 2 [1]).

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low strength of 2.65-2.75 MPa.

Closest to the proposed invention is a composition for producing heat-resistant composites, comprising the following components, wt. %: spent catalyst IM-2201 - 10-15; crushed stone - 33-40; sand - 10-13; H ₃ PO ₄ - 10-15; aluminum-chromium waste etching aluminum alloys with a content, wt. %: SiO ₂ - 7.2; Al ₂ O ₃ - 68.3; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.4; MgO - 0.7; Cr ₂ O ₃ - 10.2; R ₂ O - 11.8-24-30 (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2528643, IPC С04В 28/34. Composition for the manufacture of heat-resistant composites / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Repin M .V .; applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after academician SP Korolev. - No. 2013110158. Stated on March 6, 2013; published on September 20, 2014. Bull. No. 26 [2]).

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low tensile strength in compression and heat resistance.

The essence of the invention is improving the quality of the heat-resistant composite.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the compressive strength and heat resistance of heat-resistant composites.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known composition, including spent catalyst IM-2201, crushed stone fractions of 5-10 mm, H ₃ PO ₄ and aluminum-chromium waste from etching aluminum alloys, silica fume is additionally introduced from the production of ferrosilicon with an average particle size of not more than 0, 25 mm and containing oxides, wt. %: SiO ₂ - 97.8; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 0.4; R ₂ O - 0.5 in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15 crushed stone of fraction 5-10 mm 33-40 N ₃ PO ₄ 10-15 aluminum-chromium waste etching aluminum alloys 24-30 silica fume from ferrosilicon production 10-13

Silica fume is a technogenic raw material from the production of ferrosilicon. The specific surface of silica fume is in the range from 40,000 to 60,000 cm ² / g, and the average particle size is not more than 0.25 μm (25⋅10 ^-8 m). Silica fume has a low thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion temperature coefficient) - 0.5⋅10 ^-6 ° С ^-1 , which will increase the heat resistance of heat-resistant composites.

Silica fume from the production of ferrosilicon is an ultrafine material consisting of spherical particles obtained in the process of gas treatment of furnaces in the production of silicon-containing alloys. The main component of the material is silica of amorphous modification. The chemical composition of silica fume from the production of ferrosilicon is presented in table 1.

Aluminum-chromium waste from the etching of aluminum alloys is formed during the processing of aluminum alloys in metallurgical plants. From spent pickling solutions, a precipitate precipitates, which concentrates on the bottom of the bath and gradually crystallizes. Sludge of this group is characterized by a high content of Al ₂ O ₃ and can, under certain conditions, become a substitute for natural pyrophyllite, bauxite and other aluminum-containing components in the production of heat-resistant composites (concrete) based on chemical binders. The particle size of the aluminum-chromium waste etching aluminum alloys is from 0.1 to 5 microns, the chemical composition is presented in table 1.

For the manufacture of heat-resistant composites (concrete), crushed stone, phosphoric acid (H ₃ PO ₄ ) and the spent catalyst IM-2101 were used in accordance with the requirements of GOST and TU (table 2).

A) crushed stone that meets the requirements of GOST 8267-93 "Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks for construction work. Specifications "M600, 800-1000, with an average grain density of 2.0 to 2.5 kg / m ³ from carbonate rocks, mined in the Samara region, fractions of 5-10 mm;

B) pure phosphoric acid was used as a binder according to GOST 6552-80, the norm was pure (h) OKP 261213002110. The mass fraction of phosphoric acid (N ₃ PO ₄ ) was not less than 85%, density not less than 1.69 g / cm ³ .

C) in the application, as in the prototype, the spent catalyst IM-2201 (production waste) was used - TU 38.103544-89. The chemical composition of the catalyst is presented in table 1. According to TU38. 103544-89 spent catalyst IM-2201 should have the following indicators: the appearance of the powder is gray-green, the bulk density is 1.0-1.5 g / cm ³ , the mass fraction of Al ₂ O _{3 is} not less than 70%. The spent catalyst was used as a refractory material.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The technological process for the production of cementless heat-resistant composites (concrete) and the manufacture of products and structures from them includes the preparation of molding materials, the formation of products and heat treatment.

It should be noted that for their hardening and a set of brand strength, heat-resistant composites (concrete) require special heat treatment.

For composites (concrete) on phosphoric acid with the components shown in table 2, heating to 500 ° C with raising the temperature to 200 ° C at a speed of 60 ° C / h and up to 500 ° C - 150 ° C / h, keeping in for 4 hours, cooling with the oven.

Table 3 presents the physico-mechanical properties of the heat-resistant composite (concrete).

As can be seen from table 3, the heat-resistant composite (concrete) of the proposed compositions has higher rates of mechanical strength and heat resistance than the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using silica fume from the production of ferrosilicon can improve the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the heat-resistant composite (concrete).

The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of heat-resistant composite (concrete) contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, and the expansion of the raw material base for building materials.

Information sources

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2440312, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Kulikov V.A .; Applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after academician S.P. Queen. - No. 2010122114. declared 05/31/2010; publ. 01/20/2012. Bull. No. 2.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2528643, IPC С04В 28/34. Composition for the manufacture of heat-resistant composites / Abdrakhimova E.S., Roshchupkina I.Yu., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Repin M.V .; Applicant and patent holder Samara State Aerospace University named after academician S.P. Queen. - No. 2013110158. declared 03/06/2013; publ. 09/20/2014. Bull. No. 26.

Claims (2)

Composition for the manufacture of heat-resistant composites, including spent catalyst IM-2201, crushed stone fraction 5-10 mm, N ₃ PO ₄ and aluminum-chromium waste etching aluminum alloys, characterized in that it additionally contains silica fume from the production of ferrosilicon with an average particle size of not more than 0, 25 mm and containing oxides, wt. %: SiO ₂ - 97.8; CaO - 1.3; MgO - 0.4; R ₂ O - 0.5 in the following ratio of components, wt. %: spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15 crushed stone fractions 5-10 mm 33-40 H ₃ RO ₄ 10-15 aluminum-chromium waste etching aluminum alloys 24-30 silica fume from ferrosilicon production 10-13