RU2610488C1 - High-strength concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to building materials and may be used in civil, industrial and road construction and in monolithic production of facilities and roadway covering. High-strength concrete of the mixture including Portland cement, quartz sand, granite breakstone, water and additive in the form of aqueous solution consisting of the mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: polycarboxylate polymer based on methacylic acid with density ρ=0.95 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=7.0; polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ester and maleic acid anhydrite with density ρ=1.03 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=7.0; sodium gluconate and water, contains quartz sand with fineness modulus Mf=2.2 and granite breakstone of 5-20 mm fraction, contains additionally fine-ground limestone with specific surface of 260 m²/kg, aqueous additive solution additionally contains silicic acid sol with density ρ=1.012 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=4.0; aluminum hydroxide sol with density ρ=1.013 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=9.0, with the following ingredient ratio, wt.%: polycarboxylate polymer based on methacylic acid with density ρ=0.95 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=7.0-9.5 -14.0; polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ester and maleic acid anhydrite with density ρ=1.03 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=7.0-10.5 -13.0; sodium gluconate - 2.5-3.0; silicic acid sol with density ρ=1.012 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=4.0-4.5 - 5.0; aluminum hydroxide sol with density ρ=1.013 g/cm³ and hydrogen ion exponent pH=9.0 - 6.5-7.0; water - 62.0-62.5 with the following component ratio of high-strength concrete, wt.%: Portland cement - 14.9-16.7; above sand - 28.0-28.4; above breakstone - 45.4-46.0; above limestone - 2.0-2.2; above additive - 0.2-0.22; water - 7.7-8.28.

EFFECT: increased tensile strength and bending strength.

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Description

 The invention relates to building materials and can be used in civil, industrial and road construction and with a monolithic erection of structures and pavement.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of high-strength concrete (RU No. 2256629, С04В 28/04, 07/20/2005) containing Portland cement, sand, gravel, a silica-containing component represented by a silica sol with a density ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ , a hydrogen indicator pH = 5-6, the addition of "Deya-M" and water.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of tensile strength when bending high-strength concrete.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of high-strength concrete (RU No. 2256630, С04В 28/04, 04В111: 20, 07/20/2005), containing Portland cement, sand, gravel, silica-containing component represented by silica sol with a density ρ = 1,014 g / cm ³ , with a pH value of pH = 5-6, the additive is potassium ferruginous K ₄ [Fe (CN) ₆ ] and water.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of tensile strength when bending high-strength concrete.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a raw material mixture for high-strength concrete (RU No. 2555993, С04В 28/04, С04В 24/24, С04В 22/08, С04В 103/40, 07/10/2015, Bull. No. 19) containing Portland cement, quartz sand with a fineness modulus of Mkr. = 2.6, crushed stone granite fractions of 5-10 mm, a silica-containing component represented by silica sol with a density of ρ = 1.014 g / cm ³ , a pH value of pH = 5 ± 0.5 , the additive represented by a density aqueous ρ = 1,12 g / cm ³ and with pH = 7.5 ± 0.5, consisting of a mixture of a polycarboxylate x polymers, polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density of ρ = 0,95 g / cm ³ and with pH = 7.5 ± 0.5 and polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic acid anhydrite with density ρ = 1,03 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 7.5 ± 0.5, sodium gluconate and water in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

methacrylic based polycarboxylate polymer acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and hydrogen pH = 7.5 ± 0.5 9.3-10.0  allyl ether polycarboxylate polymer; and maleic anhydrite with a density of ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH = 7.5 ± 0.5 10.2-10.4 sodium gluconate 2.6-2.8  water 77.2-77.5

in the following ratio of components of high-strength concrete, wt. %:

Portland cement 21.1-23.2 specified crushed stone 41.94-42.82 specified sand 28.3-29.0 specified silica-containing component 0.12-0.13 specified additive 0.15-0.2  water 6.24-6.75

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of tensile strength when bending high-strength concrete.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is the creation of high-strength concrete with increased tensile strength in bending.

The problem is solved due to the fact that high-strength concrete from a mixture containing Portland cement, quartz sand, granite crushed stone, water and an additive in the form of an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and a pH value of pH = 7.0; a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and a pH of 7.0; of sodium gluconate and water, contains quartz sand with a fineness modulus of Mkr. = 2.2 and crushed stone granite fractions of 5-20 mm, additionally contains finely ground limestone with a specific surface of 260 m ² / kg, the aqueous solution of the additive additionally contains a silica sol with a density ρ = 1.012 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 4.0; sol of aluminum hydroxide with a density ρ = 1.013 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 9.0, in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

methacrylic acid polycarboxylate polymer with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and a pH value of pH = 7.0 9.5-14.0 allyl ether polycarboxylate polymer; and maleic acid anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH value = 7.0 10.5-13.0 sodium gluconate 2.5-3.0 silica sol with a density ρ = 1.012 g / cm ³ and 4,5-5,0 pH value = 4.0 sol of aluminum hydroxide with a density ρ = 1.013 g / cm ³ and pH value = 9.0 6.5-4.0 water 62.0-62.5

in the following ratio of components of high-strength concrete, wt. %:

Portland cement 14.9-16.7 specified sand 28.0-28.4 specified crushed stone 45.4-46.0 specified limestone 2.0-2.2 specified additive 0.2-0.22 water 7.7-8.28

The use of finely ground limestone with a specific surface of 260 m ² / kg increases the density and uniformity of the concrete mixture, which in the presence of a highly effective additive exhibits reactive activity, forming basic calcium carbonate as a hydrated compound, all this contributes to an increase in strength, including tensile strength in bending. As well as the use of an additive consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers, a sol of silicic acid and a sol of aluminum hydroxide increases the degree of hydration of the concrete hardening system and even in the initial period of hardening, calcium hydrosulfoaluminate, which has an elongated needle-like structure of crystals, and low-basic tobermorite-like hydroxyls are formed CSH (I), which also have an elongated fibrous structure. The formation of these hydrated compounds increases the tensile strength during bending, and in the interaction of the silica sol and the aluminum hydroxide sol, strong and flexible polyaluminosilicate chains are additionally formed in the hardening system, which give the concrete special flexibility, which also increases the tensile strength during bending .

At the filing date, according to the authors and the applicant, the claimed high-strength concrete is not known and this technical solution has world novelty.

The claimed combination of essential features exhibits a new property in the presence of finely ground limestone and an additive represented by an aqueous solution consisting of a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density of ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and a pH value of pH = 7.0; a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and a pH of 7.0; sodium gluconate; a silicic acid sol with a density ρ = 1.012 g / cm ³ and a pH value of pH = 4.0; sol of aluminum hydroxide with a density of ρ = 1.013 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 9.0 and water, namely, it increases tensile strength in bending.

According to the authors and the applicant, the invention meets the eligibility criterion - inventive step.

The claimed invention is industrially applicable and can be used in civil, industrial and road construction and with a monolithic construction of structures and pavement.

An example of a specific implementation:

I. preparation of the additive:

1.1 dose a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and a pH value of pH = 7.0;

1.2 a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite is dosed with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and a pH of 7.0;

1.3 sodium gluconate;

1.4 dosed sol of silicic acid with a density of ρ = 1.012 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 4.0;

1.5 dosed sol of aluminum hydroxide with a density ρ = 1.013 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 9.0;

1.6 dose water;

1.7 dosed according to paragraph 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4; 1.5 and 1.6 components are thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous solution with a density of ρ = 1.037 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 7.5 is obtained and transported to a storage tank;

II. The components of high-strength concrete are dosed: Portland cement, finely ground limestone with a specific surface of 260 m ² / kg sand with a fineness modulus of Mkr. = 2.2, crushed stone granite fractions of 5-20 mm.

2.1 The dispensed components according to claim 2 are transported to a concrete mixer of any modern design used in the factory;

2.2 dose water;

2.3 dose the additive prepared according to p. 1.7;

2.4 the dosed additive according to claim 2.3 is transported into the dosed water according to 2.2;

2.5 the mixture prepared according to 2.4 is transported to the concrete mixer of paragraph 2.1;

2.6 all components in the concrete mixer are thoroughly mixed for 3 minutes;

2.7 the ready-mixed concrete for high-strength concrete is transported to the place of preparation of the products;

2.8 A concrete mixture prepared according to clause 2.7 is taken directly from the concrete mixer, from which prism samples of 10 × 10 × 40 cm are made, which are further stored under normal conditions and upon reaching the age of 28 days, the samples are subjected to tensile strength tests at bending according to GOST 10180-2012. The results are presented in the table.

Studies have shown that tensile strength in bending is increased by 25%.

Claims (4)

High-strength concrete from a mixture comprising Portland cement, quartz sand, granite crushed stone, water and an additive in the form of an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of polycarboxylate polymers: a polycarboxylate polymer based on methacrylic acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and a pH value of pH = 7.0; a polycarboxylate polymer based on allyl ether and maleic anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and a pH of 7.0; of sodium gluconate and water, contains quartz sand with a fineness modulus of Mkr. = 2.2 and crushed stone granite fractions of 5-20 mm, additionally contains finely ground limestone with a specific surface of 260 m ² / kg, the aqueous solution of the additive additionally contains a silica sol with a density ρ = 1.012 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 4.0; sol of aluminum hydroxide with a density ρ = 1.013 g / cm ³ and a pH of pH = 9.0, in the following ratio of components, wt. %: methacrylic based polycarboxylate polymer acid with a density ρ = 0.95 g / cm ³ and a hydrogen index pH = 7.0 9.5-14.0 allyl ether polycarboxylate polymer; and maleic acid anhydrite with a density ρ = 1.03 g / cm ³ and pH value = 7.0 10.5-13.0 sodium gluconate 2.5-3.0 silica sol with a density ρ = 1.012 g / cm ³ and pH value = 4.0 4,5-5,0 sol of aluminum hydroxide with a density ρ = 1.013 g / cm ³ and pH value = 9.0 6.5-7.0 water 62.0-62.5 in the following ratio of components of high-strength concrete, wt. %: Portland cement 14.9-16.7 specified sand 28.0-28.4 specified crushed stone 45,4.46,0 specified limestone 2.0-2.2 specified additive 0.2-0.22 water 7.7-8.28