RU2601468C1 - Method of gear wheel lubrication - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, particularly, to machine parts, and can be used in rotaprint gears lubrication with different modes of their teeth loading during wheels operation in transmission. For gear wheel lubrication initializing gear teeth running-in, with pressing to them of lubricating element in form of pinion with teeth. Pinion gear rim gear is made composite along its axis, which consists from separate sections, with width of each, equal to wheel teeth width, and alignment of all sections teeth in plane view. Number of sections is set equal to number of wheel operating modes, and adjacent sections are arranged with axial gaps relative to each other, which width is less than sections width. Gear rim teeth of each separate section are made of pressed lubricating material. Pinion is equipped with mechanism of its reversible axial displacement relative to wheel, with possibility to provide for wheel each separate operating mode of pinion one separate section coupling with wheel.

EFFECT: enabling optimization and higher quality of gear wheel lubrication.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to machine parts, and can be used for rotaprint lubrication of gears with different loading modes of their teeth during operation of the wheels in gear.

A known method of lubricating gears by dipping the teeth of their gears into an oil bath with liquid lubricant - see, for example, “P. Guzenkov. Machine details: Textbook. for universities-4th ed., rev. M .: Higher. school, 1986. - 359 s: ill. ”, p. 214.

The disadvantage of this method of lubrication is that lubrication requires the presence of an oil bath with an upper level of liquid lubricant not lower than the permissible value: otherwise, the gear ring will not capture the lubricant and the wheels will not be lubricated. In addition, the possibility of using liquid lubricant is limited by the speed of the wheels.

As a prototype, a rotaprint method for lubricating gears is taken, which consists in rolling in the working surfaces of the teeth of their gears with special lubricating elements in the form of gears made of pressed lubricant; these gears are meshed with the wheels, with a preload to them; under the action of preload, the lubricant is transferred to the working surfaces of the teeth of the wheels, lubricating them - see, for example, “Drozdov Yu.N. et al. Friction and wear under extreme conditions: Reference book / Yu.N. Drozdov, V.G. Pavlov, V.N. Puchkov. - Mechanical Engineering, 1986. - 224 p.: M. - (Fundamentals of Machine Design) ”, p. 191.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the teeth of each individual lubricating gear are made of one specific material, selected from one specific mode of operation of the teeth of the lubricated gear wheel. However, the operating conditions of the teeth of the wheel can be different - both for different operating modes of the transmission as a whole, and for individual sections of the wheel circumference, in the case of a large diameter of the wheel (contact pressures, speeds, temperatures, etc., can vary). In this case, the material of the gear teeth, initially selected for one particular mode of operation of the gear teeth of the wheel, may not correspond to another (or different) mode of operation of the gears of the wheel: when the mode of operation is tightened, there will be an increased mass transfer of the lubricant of the gear teeth to the gears of the wheel, which will lead to increased wear of the gear teeth and its quick failure, requiring replacement of the gear with a new one; Also, this gear tooth material may not provide the required lubrication quality for the gear teeth. The manufacture of gear teeth from a material more wear-resistant, designed for the most severe conditions of the gear teeth, is irrational, because with lighter operating conditions of the teeth of the wheel, such material is not required, and in this case there will be irrational use of this material, leading to an unjustified increase in the cost of manufacturing gear teeth.

The invention solves the problem of optimizing the lubrication of the gear and improving the quality of its lubrication.

To this end, a method for lubricating a gear wheel includes rolling in the teeth of the wheel, with compression against it, with a lubricating element in the form of a gear with teeth made of pressed lubricant; moreover, the gear ring gear is made integral, consisting of separate sections, with a width of each equal to the width of the teeth of the wheel, and the coincidence of the tooth profiles of all sections in plan; the number of sections is set equal to the number of wheel operating modes, and adjacent sections are arranged with axial gaps relative to each other, the width of which is less than the width of the sections; the teeth of the ring gear of each individual section are made of pressed lubricant, which provides optimal lubrication of the teeth of the wheel with each individual mode of operation; the gear is equipped with a mechanism for its reverse axial movement relative to the wheel, with the possibility of ensuring, with each individual mode of operation of the wheel, the interface with the wheel of one separate section of the gear, for which this mechanism is equipped with a control device for it.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict a pair of "lubricated gear - lubricating gear" in various phases of the lubrication process (side view) - Fig. 1, 2, 3.

The drawings show: lubricated gear 1; lubricating gear 2; axle 3 gears; Width B _{to the} teeth of the wheel; Width _{W of the} gear ring gear; the sizes of individual sections of the gear ring gear - In ₁ , In ₂ , In ₃ ; width with axial clearances; direction of rotation ω of the gear.

A method for lubricating a gear wheel includes rolling in a lubricated gear wheel 1, with a pressing against it, a lubricating gear 2; the gear ring of the gear is made inlaid on the axis of the gear, made of separate sections with the width of the ring gear sections - B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ (in the drawings - Figs. 1, 2, 3 - shows a variant with a three-section gear designed to operate the wheel in three different loading modes of its teeth), the width of which is equal to the width B _{to the} teeth of the wheel. Neighboring sections pinion mounted with axial gaps widths with respect to each other, the width of the gap is made smaller than the width of the sections (B _1, B _2, B ₃₎ gears; the presence of gaps between adjacent sections of the gear allows you to be in mesh with the lubricated wheel of only one specific section. The materials from which the gear teeth are made, based on the specific operating modes of the wheel (1).

Example

(selection of materials for gears of three sections of a lubricating gear):

- seizing load, N - solid lubricant 216 phthalocyanine 510 graphite 1627 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTEF)

Gear 2 is equipped with a mechanism for its movement along its axis 3, with the provision of mating separately for each individual section (the width of which is B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ ) of the gear ring of the gear with the teeth of the wheel 1 lubricated by it (the mechanism is not shown). And to control the movement of the gear and pair it with the wheel, the movement mechanism is equipped with a control system (not shown). When the (2) gear 2 is working in conjunction with the wheel 1, the control mechanism — through the displacement mechanism, mates with the teeth of the wheel 1 the section of the gear ring of the gear that is needed for a particular operating mode of the wheel. As a factor controlling the mechanism for moving the gear 1, the gain on the teeth of the wheel can be selected when it is in gear (torque on the wheel shaft).

Compared with the prototype, the proposed method of lubrication allows you to provide lubrication of the teeth of the gear most rationally, based on specific modes of operation, in particular from specific modes of loading of the teeth. This optimizes the mass transfer process of the lubricant from the gear teeth to the gear teeth, optimizes the wear of the gear teeth and improves the lubrication quality of the gear teeth.

Claims (1)

A method for lubricating a gear wheel, mainly a rotaprint method, including rolling in the gear teeth, pressing against them, a gear lubricating element with teeth made of pressed lubricant, characterized in that the gear ring gear is made integral along its axis, consisting of separate sections, with a width of each equal to the width of the teeth of the wheel, and the coincidence of the teeth of all sections in plan; the number of sections is set equal to the number of wheel operating modes, and adjacent sections are arranged with axial gaps relative to each other, the width of which is less than the width of the sections; the teeth of the ring gear of each individual section are made of pressed lubricant, which ensures optimal lubrication of the teeth of the wheel in each individual operation mode; the gear is equipped with a mechanism for its reverse axial movement relative to the wheel, with the possibility of ensuring, with each individual mode of operation of the wheel, the interface with the wheel of one separate section of the gear, for which this mechanism is equipped with a control device for it.

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