RU2601395C1 - Drive of deep-well pump with vacuum balancing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: drive of a deep-well pump with vacuum balancing relates to oil industry, in particular, to pumping plants specially intended for lifting fluids from deep levels, for example, from wells, including hydraulic or pneumatic devices. Drive includes a device to accumulate energy of a moving downward rod string at reversing consisting of a cutoff valve and a device for its switching over installed in the reversing system.

EFFECT: reduced power consumption during operation of the drive by accumulating energy during braking the moving downward rod string at the moment of reversing.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to driving devices of a well pump located on the surface of the earth, including hydraulic and pneumatic means, and can be used to lift formation fluid from great depths.

Known hydraulic drive downhole sucker rod pump unit (AS SU 1642069 A1, IPC ⁵ F04B 47/04, publ. 04/15/1991). The drive contains one balancing and driving hydraulic cylinders placed one above the other with pistons located in them, connected by a rod, the lower end of which is connected to the plunger of the rod pump by a rod string, and the piston and rod cavities of the drive hydraulic cylinder are hydraulically communicated through the distributor with the power pump and tank, and the stock cavity of the balancing hydraulic cylinder is in communication with a pressure source (atmosphere).

The disadvantage of this drive is the utilization of the energy of the downward-moving rod string during its braking by throttling the working fluid in the distributor.

The objective of the invention is to reduce energy consumption during the operation of the drive of a sucker rod pump with hydraulic vacuum balancing.

The problem is solved by installing a shut-off valve on the line connecting the lower cavity of the balancing cylinder with the atmosphere, which is controlled by a signal (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic ...) supplied from the reversing system by the movement of the rods in the cylinders.

The drawing schematically depicts the proposed actuator sucker rod pump with hydraulic vacuum balancing.

The drive consists of drive 1 and balancing 2 cylinders with pistons 3 and 4 separating the cylinders into the upper 5 and 6 and the lower 7 and 8 cavities. The pistons are interconnected by a rod 9, the lower end of which is connected via a sleeve 10 to a wellhead rod, a rod string and a plunger of a borehole pump (not shown). Which of the cylinders is driving 1 or balancing 2 is upper, and which lower is not critical. The drawing shows the preferred arrangement of the cylinders, a massive large-diameter cylinder is located at the bottom, while providing a more rigid structure with less mass drive. The upper 5 and lower 7 cavities of the drive cylinder 1 are hydraulically communicated through the distributor 11 with the power pump 12 and the tank 13, and the lower cavity 8 of the balancing cylinder 2 is in communication with the pressure source 14. As the source of pressure 14 is the atmosphere. The drive is equipped with a vacuum pump 15, which communicates with the upper 6 cavity of the balancing 2 cylinder. The drive of the power pump 12 and the vacuum pump 15 is carried out from the engine 16. To automatically change the direction of movement of the rod 9, the drive is equipped with a reversing system 17 with the upper 18 and lower 19 switching devices of the distributor 11, which are activated when the coupling 10 passes by them.

The actuator is additionally equipped with a shut-off valve 20 mounted on a line connecting the lower cavity 8 of the balancing cylinder 2 with a pressure source 14, and a switching device 21 installed in the reversing system 17.

The drive operates as follows.

With the engine 16 turned on, the vacuum pump 15 creates a vacuum in the upper cavity 6 of the balancing cylinder 2, as a result of which the pressure of the atmosphere, as a pressure source 14, acting in the lower 8 cavity of the balancing cylinder 2, creates an upward force. The magnitude of this effort on the coupling 10, which is the suspension point of the rod string, is selected so that it can compensate for the weight of the rod string and half the weight of the column pumped from the well (not shown) of the fluid. The engine 16 simultaneously drives the power pump 12, which supplies the working fluid through the distributor 11 to the lower 7 cavity of the drive cylinder 1, as a result of which the rod 9 with the pistons 3 and 4 and the clutch 10 move up. The working fluid from the upper 5 cavity of the drive cylinder 1 is displaced through the distributor 11 into the tank 13. When the coupling 10 passes by the switching device 18, it is triggered by the signal from the coupling 10 and switches the valve 11. In the process of switching the valve 11, the rod 9 brakes and stops, 9 and at the end of the switching process, the working fluid is directed from the tank 13 through the pump 12 through the distributor 11 into the upper 5 cavity of the drive cylinder 1, the rod 9 with the coupling 10 are moved down. The upper 18 switching device is triggered when the coupling 10 passes in it only in one upward direction, the lower 19 switching device is only in the downward direction, and the switching device 21, which controls the shut-off valve 20, is activated in both directions. The switching device 21 is installed in the immediate vicinity of the bottom 19 of the switching device and can be either above, below or at the same level with it. The downward movement of the rod 9 starts with acceleration, then there is a section of uniform movement. When the coupling 10 approaches the switching device 21, it activates and closes the shut-off valve 20, and when approaching the lower 19 switching device, a signal is sent to the distributor 11. In the lower 8 cavity of the balancing 2 cylinder, the air pressure increases when the rod 9 is moved down further, creating a braking force up to a complete stop of the rod 9 and the associated rod string. The switching time of the distributor 11 is adjusted so that the completion of the switching process coincides with the stop of the rod 9 in its lowest position. Next, the stroke of the rod 9 starts upward, while for acceleration, the energy of compressed air in the lower 8 cavity of the balancing 2 cylinder is used. When the rod 9 moves up, the clutch 10 reaches the level of the switching device 21, which is activated by communicating the lower 8 cavity of the balancing 2 cylinder with the atmosphere. Next, the cycle repeats.

Claims (1)

A hydraulic sucker-rod sucker-rod pump drive, comprising one drive and balancing cylinders placed one above the other with pistons located in them to form upper and lower cavities, connected by a rod, the lower end of which is connected to the plunger of the sucker-rod pump by means of a coupling, wellhead rod and columns rods, and the upper and lower cavities of the drive cylinder are hydraulically communicated through a distributor with a power pump and a tank, the lower cavity of the balancing cylinder the cylinder is in communication with the atmosphere, and the upper cavity of the balancing cylinder is in communication with the vacuum pump, the distributor is controlled by a reversing system with upper and lower switching devices, characterized in that in order to reduce energy consumption during operation of the drive by accumulating energy when braking the downward-moving rod string at the time of reversing the drive additionally equipped with a shut-off valve mounted on the line connecting the lower cavity of the balancing cylinder with the atmosphere, and a device HANDOVER established in reversing system.

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