RU2601303C1 - Cleaning powder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to cleaning powder containing sodium carbonate, laundry soap and abrasive in following ratio, wt%: sodium carbonate 10-20; laundry soap 10-20; abrasive - balance up to 100, wherein abrasive is powder of synthetic mineral alloy, including oxides of silicon, aluminium, calcium, iron (II), iron (III), magnesium, potassium and/or sodium, chromium in following ratio, wt%: silicon oxide SiO₂ 50-65; aluminium oxide Al₂O₃ 8-11; calcium oxide CaO 8-11; iron (II) oxide FeO 5-6; iron oxide (III) Fe₂O₃ 7-10; magnesium oxide MgO 3-6; potassium oxide K₂O and/or sodium oxide Na₂O 2-3; chromium oxide (III) Cr₂O₃ 2-3.

EFFECT: obtaining a universal high-efficiency cleaning powder, wider raw material base of abrasive for detergents for domestic and industrial use, simplified production of detergents.

1 cl, 3 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to universal cleaners and is intended for manual and semi-automatic washing of metal, ceramic and glass household items, as well as industrial equipment and tools in agriculture, food and other industries.

Known abrasive cleaner WO 1998029193 A1, intended for cleaning household products made of ceramics and metal, as well as kitchen worktops and household items in bathrooms. The composition of the tool, wt. %: 10 - diatomite, 1 - hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2 - sodium lauryl sulfate (28%), 5 - isopropyl alcohol, 3 - octoethyl alcohol 3%, 0.5 - polydimethylsiloxane, 0.6 - perforated composition, 77.9 - water . As an abrasive, diatomite powder is used, the bulk of which is represented by particles with a particle size of 1-20 microns. The inventive fractional composition provides the use of detergent for refueling spray devices.

A disadvantage of the known composition is the high cost due to the need to use raw materials obtained with an expensive technological process. In addition, its scope is limited to household products.

The closest composition of the same purpose to the claimed invention in terms of features is a cleaning agent containing the following components, wt. %: 10-20 - soda ash and / or caustic soda, 10-20 - soap and / or washing powder, up to 100 - ash (RU patent No. 2093549 from 10.20.1997). This composition is taken as a prototype.

Signs of the prototype, coinciding with the features of the claimed invention: 10-20 wt. % sodium carbonate; 10-20 wt. % laundry soap, abrasive - the rest is up to 100.

A disadvantage of the known composition adopted for the prototype is that man-made formation - ash, used as an abrasive, must be subjected to complex preliminary preparation to remove unwanted carbon impurities from it, which leave black streaks during the cleaning process. In addition, the ash particles have a non-isometric shape, which means that in the process of cleaning the surface they move tangentially, without removing pollution. Due to its low cleaning ability, its use is limited to household items.

The objective of the invention is to obtain a universal highly effective cleaning powder mixture, expanding the raw material base of abrasive for household and industrial cleaning products, reducing the cost and simplifying the production of cleaning products.

The problem was solved due to the fact that the known cleaning powder containing sodium carbonate, laundry soap and abrasive in the following ratio, wt. %:

Sodium carbonate 10-20 Laundry soap 10-20 Abrasive the rest is up to 100

according to the invention as an abrasive contains a powder of a synthetic mineral alloy, including oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron (II), iron (III), magnesium, potassium and / or sodium, chromium in the following ratio, wt. %:

Silica SiO ₂ 50-65 Alumina Al ₂ O ₃ 8-11 Calcium oxide CaO 8-11 Iron (II) oxide FeO 5-6 Iron oxide (III) Fe ₂ O ₃ 7-10 Magnesium Oxide MgO 3-6 Potassium oxide K ₂ O and / or Sodium Oxide Na ₂ O 2-3 Chromium (III) oxide Cr ₂ O ₃ 2-3

Distinctive features of the claimed composition from the composition of the prototype - as an abrasive, the cleaning agent contains a powder of synthetic mineral alloy (chromium), including oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron (II), iron (III), magnesium, potassium and / or sodium, chromium in the following ratio of ingredients, wt. %: 50-65 - silicon oxide SiO ₂ , 8-11 - aluminum oxide Al ₂ O ₃ , 8-11 - calcium oxide CaO, 5-6 - iron oxide (II) FeO, 7-10 - iron oxide (III) Fe ₂ O ₃ , 3-6 - magnesium oxide MgO, 2-3 - potassium oxide K ₂ O and / or sodium oxide Na ₂ O, 2-3 - chromium oxide (III) Cr ₂ O _3.

The applicant and the authors are not aware of the use in science and technology of a powder of a synthetic mineral alloy (chromium) as an abrasive to obtain a universal highly effective cleaning powder mixture.

The invention is illustrated by a photograph in which powder particles of a synthetic mineral alloy (chromium) are isometric in shape with an acute-angled developed surface.

The synthetic mineral alloy powder is monocomponent, that is, each individual grain of this powder has a specified composition. Powder is a durable product (screening) in the preparation of acid-resistant powder in a stone casting plant.

Synthetic mineral alloy (chromium) is hydrophobic and inert to other components of the mixture, this ensures the absence of caking of the proposed mixture. Since synthetic mineral alloy powder is obtained from cast or granular material, it has a guaranteed fractional composition, which in turn allows the use of cleaning products based on it for both manual and automatic cleaning. A synthetic mineral alloy powder mixture can be used to prepare a cleaning fluid or paste.

It was experimentally established that a synthetic mineral alloy, consisting of the above oxides in the indicated amount, consists of 95% of isometric particles with a cutting edge (Fig.), I.e. It has high abrasive properties and provides high surface cleaning efficiency without damaging it.

The effectiveness of the cleaning process with abrasive products depends on the performance of each unit grain of the abrasive component. In order for each abrasive grain to effectively clean the surface, but without damaging it mechanically, it should have an isometric shape and a developed acute-angled surface. Isometric grains have a three-dimensional shape, striving for symmetry, while non-isometric grains have an elongated and plate-like shape. Isometric grains are not destroyed during the cleaning process and move relative to the surface being cleaned tangentially, without clinging to it. Grains of one fractional range can be either isometric or non-isometric, which means that to ensure the quality of the abrasive-based cleaning powder, it is necessary to separately control the shape of the abrasive grains.

Powder based on a synthetic mineral alloy (chromium) consists of 95% isometric particles due to the fact that grinding to produce it is cast or granular blanks, which are used to obtain acid-resistant powder. Cast and granular workpieces during grinding are destroyed along the boundaries of the phase components, which provides the powder grains with the necessary shape.

For the manufacture of cleaning products, the following substances are used:

- sodium carbonate according to GOST 5100-85;

- powder from laundry soap in accordance with GOST 30266-95;

- synthetic mineral alloy according to TU 14-05773333-01-2008.

The fractional composition of the synthetic mineral alloy is as follows, wt. %: 75-100 microns - 15-20, 50-75 microns - 70-80, less than 50 - the rest.

The mixture is carried out in a tank-mixers. Sodium carbonate and powder from laundry soap are gradually loaded into the mixer tank with constant stirring. After their mixture becomes uniform, add the powder of a synthetic mineral alloy of the specified composition in two stages with an interval of 10 minutes After adding the last portion of the powder, the mixture was stirred for another 5 minutes.

The resulting cleaning powder mixture can be used both in dry form and for the preparation of pastes and liquids.

It was made 6 compositions of the proposed cleaning powder with a different ratio of ingredients. Examples of formulations are presented in tables 1-2. The prepared formulations passed laboratory tests. The test results are shown in table 3.

From the table it follows that examples 3-5 have the best characteristics.

Thus, a new universal high-performance cleaning powder was obtained for washing household goods and industrial equipment and tools from cheap common raw materials using simple technology, without the use of expensive equipment. The use of the invention will expand the raw material base of the abrasive for cleaning products for household and industrial use, providing high cleaning properties.

Claims (1)

A cleaning powder containing sodium carbonate, laundry soap and abrasive in the following ratio, wt.%:
Sodium carbonate 10-20 Laundry soap 10-20 Abrasive the rest is up to 100
characterized in that as an abrasive it contains a synthetic mineral alloy powder, including oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron (II), iron (III), magnesium, potassium and / or sodium, chromium in the following ratio, wt.%:
Silica SiO ₂ 50-65 Alumina Al ₂ O ₃ 8-11 Calcium Oxide CaO 8-11 Iron (II) oxide FeO 5-6 Iron oxide (III) Fe ₂ O ₃ 7-10 Magnesium Oxide MgO 3-6 Potassium oxide K ₂ O and / or Sodium Oxide Na ₂ O 2-3 Chromium (III) oxide Cr ₂ O ₃ 2-3

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