RU2599152C1 - Marine watchmine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine watchmines. Proposed mine comprises hull of elongated drop-like shape, consisting of three parts, nose part of which has the shape of a hemisphere, middle part forms a cylinder and aft part has a shape of truncated cone with stabilizers on sides. Wherein aft part is made fired off. Flare containers are placed between middle and aft parts and these flares are activated after aft part firing off. There are harpoon guns symmetrically placed outside middle part of the hull. Middle cylindrical part of the hull contains working unit consisting infrasound generator generating infrasound of certain frequency, hydroacoustic signal generator and power supply system including batteries and generator with drive consisting of step-up reduction gear and radial impeller.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of enemy neutralization efficiency, while ensuring the safety of his vessel.

1 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to weapons, in particular to sea mines, and is intended to protect bays, bays and individual sections of the sea from unauthorized entry into these areas of foreign surface and submarines. The proposed mine can be used both in peacetime and during hostilities. The peculiarity of this mine is that it does not destroy the ship. After hitting the ship, the mine positions the location of the ship with flares, beacon signals, sonar noises, and affects the crew of the ship with infrasound of a certain frequency. In peacetime, MSM makes it very difficult for the crew to complete the task, forcing the crew of the intruder to leave the area and the ship itself. During the fighting, a mine destroys part of the crew or the entire crew of an enemy ship without causing serious damage to the ship itself.

Existing sea mines are intended only for damage and destruction of surface and submarines, i.e. the objective of these mines is the destruction of the hulls. Signal mines only position the place where the intruder passed. There are also underwater detection tools in the form of buoys, sonar stations and sonar cables. But these funds are passive and only register the passage of vessels of violators. The proposed guard mine is a homing autonomous active means of influencing the intruder. The mine can be anchored or bottom. No close analogues were found.

Since the effect of infrasound on the crew of the offending vessel must be long, it is necessary to somehow attach the mine to the hull of the vessel. Given that the vessel can be made of any materials used in shipbuilding (composite materials, plastics, wood, various metals, titanium and its alloys), harpoon grips are selected as the most universal means of attaching mines to the hull. Vacuum suction cups do not work on an overgrown case and on irregularities, magnets work only with a steel case.

The aim of this invention is the creation of an active autonomous security system for marine conditions.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a general view of a guard mine.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a mine.

FIG. 3 - longitudinal section of the mine.

FIG. 4 - barrel harpoon gun with a harpoon.

FIG. 5 - harpoon.

FIG. 6 - cap, 6a - general view, 6b - side view with section.

FIG. 7 - shock absorbing insert.

FIG. 8 - stock.

FIG. 9 - container with a signal flare, general view.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal section of a container with a signal rocket.

FIG. 11 - impeller, 11a - view along the axis, 11b - side view.

FIG. 12 - minrep castle.

FIG. 13 - lock lock minrep, 13A - top view, 13b - section aa.

FIG. 14 - supporting cup of the minrep castle, 14a - top view, 14b - side view.

FIG. 15 - locking lever, 15a - side view, 15b - rear view.

Marine guard mine has an elongated teardrop shape, consists of three parts. The bow 1, the middle part - the hull 2, the aft 3. The bow 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) is made in the form of a hollow hemisphere, inside there is a control system, on the sides, symmetrically around the circumference, the steering wheels 4 are installed (FIG. 1, 2), two horizontal and two vertical. The middle part of the housing 2 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) is a hollow cylinder, inside there is a working module and a power system. Outside, symmetrically around the circumference, harpoon guns 5 are installed. In the rear part of the housing 2 (Fig. 3), on the gearbox shaft, an impeller 6 is installed (Figs. 3, 11). Aft part 3 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) - a truncated cone with stabilizers 7 (Fig. 1, 2, 3), contains a rocket engine 20 (Fig. 3). Between the middle part of the hull 2 and the stern 3, containers 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 9, 10) with signal missiles are installed.

The nose 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) is a hollow hemisphere, inside there is a control unit 9 (Fig. 3), consisting of a target detection system, an analyzing device, a friend-alien recognition system and a guidance system. The nose 1 is inserted in front into the cylindrical middle part of the housing 2 (Fig. 1, 2, 3). The control unit 9 is attached to the nasal septum 10 (Fig. 3) of the hull 2. When hitting the ship’s hull, the bow 1 collapses and destroys the entire control system, while acting as a shock absorber, i.e. softens the blow for the main elements of the mine. The middle part of the housing 2 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with a bow 10 (Fig. 3) and aft 11 (Fig. 3) partitions. Inside the middle part is the main working unit 12 (Fig. 3), consisting of an infrasound generator, a hydroacoustic signal generator and a self-liquidation system. Between the main block 12 (Fig. 3) of the partitions 10, 11 (Fig. 3) and the casing 2, shock absorbing inserts 13 (Fig. 3) of porous rubber are installed. From the stern side, section 14 (Fig. 3) is inserted into the hull 2, made in the form of a bowl, inside of which there is a reducer 15, a generator 16 and a battery pack 17. Outside of section 14 (Fig. 3), a impeller 6 is installed on the shaft of the reducer 15. Section 14 is tightly fixed in the housing 2 and forms a single, integral part with it. The cavity 18 (Fig. 3) is filled with hardened foam material, which acts as a shock absorber when a mine hits the target’s body. A wide part of the section 14 is put on the aft part 3 (Fig. 1, 2, 3). The aft part 3 inside is divided into two compartments by a partition 19 (Fig. 3). The bow compartment is hollow, in the aft compartment is a solid propellant rocket engine 20 (Fig. 3). The housing 2 externally has tides 21 and 22 (Figs. 1, 2, 3) with an internal thread into which the trunks of the harpoon guns 5 are screwed (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4). Fodder tide 22 (Fig. 3) serves as the breech of the gun, it contains the igniter capsule and chamber 23 (Fig. 3) with an expelling charge for the harpoon. At the junction of the aft part 3 with the housing 2 there are tides 24 (Fig. 3), which are a continuation of the tides 22 (Fig. 3) and connected to them by means of protruding cylindrical chambers 25 (Fig. 3), in which the outboard charges are installed to shoot the stern parts 3 from the housing 2. Harpoon guns 5 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) are located outside the housing 2, the gun trunks are screwed into threaded sections 26 and 27 (Fig. 4) in the tides 21 and 22 (Fig. 3). At the ends of the trunks put on caps 28 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6), made in the form of glasses with a conical bottom and protruding outer ribs in the area of the cone. At the ends of the trunks and inside the caps there are annular grooves for the sealing rings 29 (Fig. 4, 6). To the caps 28 below are attached rods 30 (Fig. 2, 3, 8) included in the guide tubes 31 (Fig. 2, 3) installed in the tides between the body 2 and the gun trunks 5 (Fig. 2, 3). Caps 28 are made of ceramic or hard plastic, cracking upon impact with a harpoon tip. Inside the trunks of the guns 5 (Fig. 3, 4) are harpoons. The harpoon consists of the body of the harpoon 32 (Fig. 4, 5), the tip 33 and the shank 34. At the end of the shank 34 there is a piston 35 (Fig. 4, 5). On the side surface of the piston 35 (Fig. 4, 5) there are two annular grooves 36 for the retaining-sealing rings 37. Along the entire body of the harpoon 32 there is a central channel 38 (Fig. 5), in the bottom of the piston 35 (Fig. 5) there are grooves for the magnet 39 and the spring 40. A thin steel cable or steel wire (not shown) passes through the central channel 38 (Fig. 5), is fixed at one end in the magnet 39, at the other end in the threaded part 41 (Fig. 5). A steel cable or steel wire holds the spring 40 in a compressed state. The tip 33 (Fig. 6) is tetrahedral, on each face there is a hinged foot 42, spring-loaded with a spring 43, the tip 33 is screwed onto the threaded part 41 and fixed with an adhesive composition. The barrel of the gun 5 (Fig. 4) has a tapering section 44 inside, which is an abutment for the spring 45. The spring is compressed by 2/3 of its length, abuts against the abutment 44 at one end, and abuts into the retainer clips 46 at the other end (Fig. 2, 4 ) In the rear of the barrel there are two inner annular grooves for the retaining-sealing rings 37 (Fig. 4). Two containers 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 9, 10) with signal missiles are attached to the hull 2 and to the aft part 3 by means of fairings. The signal rocket is located inside the container 8 (Fig. 10), which is inserted into the fairings 47 and 48 (Fig. 9, 10). Fairing 47 is attached to the housing 2 (Fig. 1, 2), fairing 48 is attached to the aft 3 (Fig. 1, 2). The container 8 (Fig. 9, 10) with the front end freely inserted into the fairing 47, the rear end into the fairing 48 and fixed in it with a protruding tooth 49 (Fig. 10). In front of the container 8, a hollow sealed container 50 (FIG. 10) is tightly inserted, which presses the rocket 51 to the knockout charge 52, which, in turn, is pressed against the pyrotechnic moderator 53. The pyrotechnic moderator 53 (FIG. 10) is attached to the bottom of the container 8 and through the channel 54 in the bottom of the container through the protruding end touches the igniter 55. The igniter 55 is attached to the plug 56, tightly screwed into the transverse channel in the container 8 (Fig. 10). In the transverse channel there is a hammer 57 with a spring 58 held by a fixing pin 59, which is inserted into the plug 60 with a conical gripper with its outer end. Inside the fairing 48 (Fig. 10) there is an ejection spring 61. The connection points of the container 8 with the fairings 47 and 48 are covered with a sealing compound. When the mines are anchored, a lock for minrep is used, which is inserted into the nozzle of the rocket engine. The housing 62 (Fig. 3, 12) of the lock has the shape of a glass with a thickened bottom into which the eye 63 (Fig. 12) is screwed in to secure the minrep. Inside the housing 62 (Fig. 12) there is a support cup 64, in which the latches 65 are mounted with springs 66 and levers 67. A plate 68 with an O-ring 69 is inserted into the upper housing 62. The housing 62 has two O-rings 70 on the outside.

The system works as follows: the mine is installed under water at the bottom or at the bottom anchor, the upper part of the mine’s hull has positive buoyancy, the mine’s hull is in a vertical position and is connected to the anchor by means of a minrep. The mine can be set in advance, for a long time it can be in standby mode, but when a conditional hydroacoustic signal is received, the system exits the standby mode and the target detection system is activated. The detection system responds to the noise of the ship's propellers, to hydrodynamic and magnetodynamic parameters, to an electromagnetic field. The analyzing device processes the incoming signals, recognizes the vessel using the friend or foe system, determines the position of the target, and as soon as the target falls into the affected area, a signal is sent to the rocket engine start. At the time of the start of the rocket engine 20 (Fig. 3), the gas pressure plate 68 (Fig. 12) moves down and presses on the upper ends of the levers 67, which abut the middle part against the edges of the support bowl 64 with the lower ends pushing the clips 65 inward. The clips 65 exit out of engagement with a groove (not shown) in the nozzle, the housing 62 exits the nozzle and the mine begins to move toward the target. The guidance system through the rudders 4 holds the target and induces a mine on it. When a mine hits the hull of the ship, the bow 1 is crushed (Fig. 1, 2, 3), the control unit 9 (Fig. 3) is destroyed, caps 28 (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) on the trunks of harpoon guns 5 when pressed rings 29 are cut off the hull of the vessel, displaced along the shafts 5 and pushed rods 30 (Figs. 1, 2, 3), which break the igniter caps. The capsules ignite the expelling charges in the chambers 23 (Fig. 3), the powder gases press on the piston 35 (Fig. 4), the rings 37 are cut off and the harpoons 32 are pushed forward along the barrel 5. Tips 33 break caps 28 and pierce the hull 28, light underwater hull boats are either embedded in the outer rubberized layer of the hull of the submarine. The power of the expelling charge should be sufficient for through piercing the harpoon tip 33 of a steel sheet up to 30 mm thick. With further forward movement, the clamps 46 are knocked out by the shank 34 (Fig. 4), the spring 45 is compressed to the end with the piston 35, the powder gases exit through the slots for the clamps 46, the gas pressure drops and the springs 45, acting on the pistons 35, pull the harpoons back into trunks 5. Tip 33, breaking through the hull of the ship or the rubberized layer of the hull of the submarine, is fixed there by means of hinged legs 42 (Fig. 4, 5) and the harpoon spring 45 tightly presses the hull of the mine to the hull of the ship. After the rocket engine 20 (Fig. 3) is finished, expelling charges in the chambers 25 (Fig. 3) of section 3 are triggered and this section is shot. When firing off section 3 with a rocket engine 20 (Fig. 3), the impeller 6 opens, driving the generator 16. In addition, after firing off the engine section, two containers 8 (Figs. 1, 2, 9, 10) with signal missiles 51 are released (Fig. 10). When shooting section 3, the fairing 48 (Fig. 10) for the tooth 49 from the fairing 47 removes the container 8. After removing the container 8 from the fairing 47, the spring 61 of the container 8 is pushed out of the fairing 48. In this case, the locking pin 59 is pulled out by the gripper in the plug 60. Under the action of the spring 58, the hammer 57 breaks the igniter 55, which ignites the pyrotechnic moderator 53 through the channel 54. The cylinder 50, having positive buoyancy, takes the container to a vertical position and the container 8 floats to the surface. The burning time of the pyrotechnic moderator is 60 ÷ 90 seconds. After the ascent, the pyrotechnic moderator burns out and sets fire to the pyrotechnic igniter, which burns the charge 52 with force of fire, which pushes the signal rocket 51 and cylinder 50 from the container 8. When the kick charge 52 is burned, the powder engine of the rocket 51 is ignited, which takes off to a height of 300 ÷ 500 meters , the parachute opens, the beacon begins to work, and the combustible composition of the star ignites. Moreover, the star, when burning, should change the color of the light signal (white, green, yellow, blue, red). After the firing of the section with the engine, the impeller 6 (Fig. 3) opens, which rotates with any movement of the ship's hull. On-board or keel pitching, moving forward or backward, the wheel 6 will still rotate and through the step-up gear 15 will drive the generator 16, which charges the batteries 17. Power from the batteries 17 is supplied to the main working unit 12 (Fig. 3), in which two sound generators begin to work. The main generator generates infrasound towards the nose, i.e. towards the target, the second generator generates a hydroacoustic signal to the sides. The ultrasonic generator generates infrasound at frequencies of 1 ÷ 18 Hz, the hydroacoustic generator generates a hydroacoustic signal. For peacetime, the infrasound generator generates infrasound in the frequency ranges 1-6 and 15-18 Hz, during the war the generator generates infrasound in the frequencies 6-8 Hz. Frequencies of 1-6 Hz affect the internal organs of a person, causing a feeling of discomfort. The frequencies of 15-18 Hz affect the human brain and psyche, disrupt the brain, cause a feeling of anxiety, fear, panic. Frequencies of 6-8 Hz are fatal to humans. The hydroacoustic signal generated by the second generator allows coastal and ship hydroacoustic stations to locate and locate the intruder vessel. Thus, the guarding mine that hit the intruder vessel positions the location of the ship with the sounds of explosive charges, signal missiles, beacon signals, a hydroacoustic signal and, for a long time, infrasound affects the crew, forces it to leave the ship or destroys the crew. On a large vessel, a mine creates a zone of maximum discomfort or a dead zone in the area where the mine is attached to the hull. Attached to the hull of the ship, the hull of the mine 2 and the impeller 6 impair its hydrodynamic characteristics, increase the resistance of the water to the movement of the hull, and create additional noise. If the crew of the intruder tries to tear the mine away from the hull by cutting off the tip 33 or the body of the harpoon 32, then the steel cable (steel wire) in the central channel 38 will certainly be cut off or cut off (Fig. 5), with a spring 40, the magnet 39 will be pushed into barrel 5 and activates a magnetic sensor (not shown) of the self-destruction system. The self-destruction system is designed to destroy the mine itself, and of course, the ship itself will also receive some minor damage. If the mine cannot attach itself to the hull of the intruder, anyway, the very operation of such a mine will cause quite a lot of noise and draw the attention of security services to this area of the protected area.

The self-destruction system is activated immediately after the mines are anchored and is designed so that the enemy could not defuse, remove, disconnect or disassemble the mine. The system is triggered in the following cases: when the mine shell is removed from the water, when the mine shell is attempted to be opened, when the mine shell is cooled below -5 ° C or heated above + 50 ° C, when you try to detach or trim the harpoon's body, when you try to tear the mine shell from hull of the vessel, upon receipt of a coded signal for self-destruction, in the event of power failure from the battery.

Claims (1)

A marine guard mine containing an elongated drop-shaped hull, consisting of three parts, of which the bow is hemisphere-shaped, the middle is in the shape of a cylinder and the stern is in the form of a truncated cone with stabilizers on the sides, and the stern is fired, between the middle and stern parts containers with signal missiles that are activated after the aft part is shot, outside the middle hull there are symmetrically located harpoon guns, inside the middle, cylindrical, p a working module is set up, consisting of a generator generating infrasound of a certain frequency, a generator of a hydroacoustic signal and a power system, which includes batteries and a generator with a drive, consisting of a booster gearbox and a radial impeller.

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