RU2595203C1 - Two-shaft misaligned six-speed gearbox with two clutches - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to misaligned gearboxes with two clutches. At ends of primary shaft clutches casings with driving disks are fixed. Driven disks of clutches are installed on splines of tubular shafts of individual pinion and unit of four gears of primary shaft. On secondary shaft two gears are integrated into unit and three gears are installed separately. Between those gears and unit of gears are arranged two three-position clutches, separate reverse gear is fitted on axle arranged between shafts.

EFFECT: expanded operating performances by increasing its cross-country capacity and facilitation of control.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to the transmission of transport vehicles.

Known transmission units with a step change in gear ratios, containing gears, shafts, bearings, gear shifting devices used in domestic and foreign cars. (Automobiles: Design, construction and calculation. Transmission. / Ed. By A.I. Grishkevich. Mn .: Vysh. Shk., 1985. - 240 s).

These units are structurally complex, metal-intensive.

Closest to the proposed gearbox (KP) is KP according to patent No. 2149767 (Bull. N15 from 05.27.2000).

The gearbox contains a housing in which the primary and secondary shafts with four pairs of gears of external gear are parallel located, a series of reverse gears, all gears on these shafts are mounted freely, on the input shaft one gear is located separately and four gears are combined into a block on the secondary shaft two gears are combined into a block and three gears are installed separately, two three-position switching clutches are located between these gears and a gear block, a separate reverse gear is mounted on the axis, p memory location between the shafts.

The described gearbox is simpler than the typical designs of transmission units listed in the book, provides a sufficient range of gear ratios (the ratio of gear ratios of the lowest gear to the highest), but has operational limitations on the passability of the vehicle and ease of control due to a break in the power flow when shifting gears.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to expand the operational capabilities of the vehicle due to pairwise gear changes with virtually no disruption of the power flow.

The problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in improving the process of gear shifting by installing two clutches.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a non-coaxial six-speed gearbox containing a housing in which the primary and secondary shafts are parallel located, the short and long tubular shafts with four pairs of external gears, a number of reverse gears are freely installed on the input shaft, all gears are installed freely , on a short tubular shaft one gear is located separately, on a long tubular shaft four gears are combined into a block, on the secondary shaft two gears are combined into a block and three gears the gears are installed separately, two three-position switching clutches are located between these gears and the gear block, a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the shafts, clutch casings with drive disks are fixed at the ends of the primary shaft, driven clutch discs are mounted on the splines of the tubular shafts of the separate gear and gear unit of the input shaft.

The proposed technical solution allows you to change gears in pairs (6 and 5, 4 and 3, 2 and 1) with virtually no disruption in the power flow, which facilitates the process of driving a vehicle, increases its cross-country ability and improves speed characteristics.

In FIG. 1 shows the kinematic diagram of a six-speed two-shaft non-axial gearbox 6R2 2СЦ (6 forward gears and 2 reverse gears, two clutches), containing 8 gears for forward gears and 3 gears for reverse gears, two clutches and two gearshift clutches. The lower part shows the numbers of pairs of forward gears (1-4) and the designation of a number of reverse gears - R.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a beam diagram of this gearbox with tables of clutch positions and shift clutches in various forward gears (6-1) and reverse gears (2R-1R). The pairs of gears (1-4) or a series of reverse gears (R) included in the work are indicated at the top of the table. On horizontal scales, the gear ratios of gear pairs and gears are shown in a logarithmic form. The upper and lower horizontal correspond to gear ratios on the secondary shaft, the middle horizontal - on the primary. The numbers of the pairs of gears are indicated on the beams. The greater the tilt of the beam to the right, the greater the gear ratio. The left tilt of the beam indicates the accelerating mode of the pair of gears. The tilt of the beam of each pair of gears is constant on any part of the radiation diagram.

In the bearings of the housing KP 1 is located the primary shaft 2. The secondary shaft 3 is installed parallel to the shaft 2. On the primary shaft 2 freely installed short 4 and long 5 tubular shafts. A separate gear 6 is fixed on the tubular shaft 4, engaged with the gear 7 of the block. The block of gears 7 and 8 is freely mounted on the secondary shaft 3, on which individual gears 9, 10, 11 are also freely mounted. Gears 8, 9 and 10 are engaged with gears 12, 13 and 14, respectively, which are mounted on a long tubular shaft 5. Also, a reverse gear drive gear 15 is fixed on the tubular shaft 5, which, through an additional reverse gear 16 mounted on the axis 17, is engaged with the driven gear 11. Three-position clutches 18 (A) and 19 (B) are mounted on the gears of the secondary shaft 3 between second and third, fourth and fifth rows Teren, respectively. On the left end of the input shaft 2, the left clutch cover 20 is fixed (L), the drive clutch discs 21 are located on it. The left clutch disks 22 are mounted on the splines of the short tubular shaft 4. The right clutch cover 23 is fixed on the right end of the input shaft, there are driving clutch discs 24 on it. The driven discs 25 of the right clutch are mounted on the splines of the long tubular shaft 5.

The work of the CP is as follows:

First gear

Clutch A is in the neutral position (H), clutch B is in the left (L), left clutch (L) is engaged (see Fig. 2, the table on the right above T. 1).

The torque from the input shaft 2 (see Fig. 1) is transmitted through the left clutch (L) through a short tubular shaft 4 to a pair of gears 6-7, a gear block 7-8, a pair of gears 8-12, then along a long tubular shaft 5 on a pair of gears 14-10 and on the coupling 19 (B) to the secondary shaft 3.

On the ray diagram (see Fig. 2) this transmission is represented by three rays: beam 1 emerges from point 0 on the middle horizontal and is directed right up to point 5, then beam 2 is right down to the middle horizontal and beam 4 is right up to the point one.

Second gear

Turn off the left clutch (L), turn on the right clutch (P). Clutches in the same position.

Torque through the right clutch (P) is transmitted by a long tubular shaft 5 to a pair of gears 14-10, then as in the previous gear.

In the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to beam 4 from point 0 of the midline to point 2.

Third gear

Turn off the right clutch (P). Clutch A is switched to the right position, clutch B is in neutral. We turn on the left clutch (L).

The torque from the drive shaft 2 through the left clutch (L) is transmitted via a short tubular shaft 4 to a pair of gears 6-7, a gear block 7-8, a pair of gears 8-12, then along a long tubular shaft 5 to a pair of gears 13-9 and by coupling 18 (A) to the secondary shaft 3.

On the ray diagram, this transmission is represented by three beams: beam 1 emerges from point 0 on the middle horizontal and is directed upward to point 5, then beam 2 is directed downward to the middle horizontal and beam 3 is directed upward to point 3.

Fourth gear

Turn off the left clutch and turn on the right clutch.

Torque through the right clutch (P) is transmitted by a long tubular shaft 5 to a pair of gears 13-9, then as in the previous gear.

In the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to ray 3 from point 0 of the midline to point 4.

Fifth gear

Turn off the right clutch. Switch clutch A to the left position. We turn on the left clutch.

Torque from the input shaft 2 through the left clutch (L) is transmitted via a short tubular shaft 4 to a pair of gears 6-7, the gear unit 7-8 and through the coupling 18 (A) to the secondary shaft 3.

In the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to beam 1 from point 0 of the midline to point 5.

Sixth gear

Turn off the left clutch and turn on the right clutch.

Torque through the right clutch is transmitted along a long tubular shaft 5 to a pair of gears 12-8, then as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by one beam 2 from t. 0 to t. 6

First reverse - 1R

Clutch A is in the neutral position, clutch B is in the right. We turn on the left clutch.

Torque through a short tubular shaft 4 is transmitted as in the first forward gear, then through a series of reverse gears 15-16-11 to the coupling 19 and to the secondary shaft 3.

On the ray diagram this transfer corresponds to the rays: ray 1 from t. 0 to t. 5, beam 2 to the middle horizontal, then a gentle beam R to the right down to T. 1R on the lower horizontal.

Second Reverse - 2R

Turn off the left clutch and turn on the right clutch.

The torque through the right clutch is transmitted along a long tubular shaft 5 to a number of reverse gears 15-16-11 and through the coupling 19 to the secondary shaft 3.

In the beam diagram, this transmission corresponds to a gentle ray R to the right down to t. 2R on the lower horizontal.

NOTATION

1 - housing KP,

2 - a primary shaft,

3 - secondary shaft

4 - short tubular shaft of a separate gear 6,

5 - a long tubular shaft of the gear block 12-15,

6 - a separate gear of the tubular shaft

4, 7, 8 - block of gears of the secondary shaft 3,

9-11 - individual gears freely mounted on the secondary shaft 3,

12-15 - gears mounted on a long tubular shaft 5,

16 - additional gear reverse gear,

17 - the axis of the reverse gear

18 (A) - three-position switching clutch installed between 8 and 9 gears,

19 (B) is a three-position switching clutch installed between 10 and 11 gears,

20 - left clutch cover,

21 - the drive discs of the left clutch,

22 - driven discs of the left clutch mounted on a tubular shaft 4,

23 - casing of the right clutch,

24 - the drive discs of the right clutch,

25 - driven discs of the right clutch mounted on a tubular shaft 5.

Claims (1)

A non-axial two-shaft six-speed gearbox containing a housing in which the primary and secondary shafts are located in parallel, a short and long tubular shafts with four pairs of external gears, a number of reverse gears are freely mounted on the input shaft, all gears are mounted freely, on one short tubular shaft the gear is located separately, on a long tubular shaft four gears are combined into a block, on the secondary shaft two gears are combined into a block and three gears are installed separately, between this two three-position switching clutches are located on the gears and gear block, a separate reverse gear is mounted on an axis located between the shafts, characterized in that clutch casings with drive disks are fixed at the ends of the primary shaft, clutch driven discs are mounted on the splines of the tubular shafts of the separate gear and gear block input shaft.

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