RU2587210C1 - Method of locating moving object after collapse therefor as a result of accident - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: safety.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to facilitating search and rescue operations at accidents aerial and underwater objects. Method of determining point of collapse of moving object is characterised by using devices equipped with air-and water carriers, heat-activated after separation devices from object, beacons, identifier and navigator, object state information storages, communication system and give-away elements for reliable search and determining coordinates of a chain of devices on surface is localised route and location directly collapse of object.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of search and rescue operations.

3 cl

Description

The invention relates to methods for providing information and increasing the efficiency of search and rescue operations in case of accidents in aircraft and underwater objects.

A known method for determining the position of a moving object that crashed [Christian Fabre, Alain Bignolais. Method and device for aiding the localization of an aircraft wreck submerged in a sea // US 2012/013 8741. - IPC B64C 99/00 (2010.01). Publ. 07/07/2012], according to which two devices recording information about the flight of a device that can transmit a distress signal and which, when an emergency occurs, until the moment of the crash, are automatically or at the command of a member of the crew of the aircraft From him. One of the detached devices is not connected with the object with the accident and, if the accident occurred above the water, it floats to the surface of the water and is held on it, as it is equipped with a float. The second device is connected by a file of finite length with an object that crashed, therefore it is held above it in the water column.

The signs of the known method, coinciding with the essential features of the proposed method are:

- on a moving object, such as an aircraft, in suitable places are installed, in addition to the traditional "black boxes", recording information about the flight of the device, which can transmit a distress signal;

- additional devices at the time of the emergency until the moment of the crash automatically or at the command of a crew member of the facility are separated from it;

- the device separated from the object remains in the crash zone on the surface of, for example, water;

- devices separated from the object give a distress signal.

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to obtain information about the emergency track of the object and its parameters until the accident, the associated complexity of the work to find the location of the crash point.

A known method of recording an accident of an aircraft [Talanov B.P. A method of registering an accident of an aircraft // RF patent No. 2113380. - IPC B64D 25/20. Publ. 06/20/1998], according to which a beacon and a recording device are placed in the shell of a shell made of non-metallic material and placed in the gun on board the aircraft, at the time of the occurrence of shock overload, they fire a gun, turn on the beacon and transmit the recorded information; the projectile can be equipped with a parachute, which is released at the highest point of departure of the projectile.

The signs of the known method, coinciding with the essential features of the proposed method are:

- on board, for example, an aircraft, a beacon and a recording device are placed in one device

- separate the device with a beacon and a recording device from a moving object;

- turn on the beacon and transmit the recorded information;

- a device with a radio beacon and a recording device is equipped with a parachute, which is released after the case is separated from the object in an accident.

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to obtain information about the emergency track of the object and its parameters until the accident, the associated complexity of the work to find the location of the crash point.

The prototype of the proposed method is a method of indicating the location of the aircraft after it crashes as a result of the accident [Timofeev V.N., Efanov V.V. A method for indicating the location of an aircraft after it crashes as a result of an accident // RF patent No. 225281. - IPC B64D 25/20, B64V 1/40. Publ. July 27, 2004], according to which in different parts of the aircraft one or more balloons are placed, which are connected to the device by a flexible connection. At the time of the accident, the signals from the shock overload sensors separate the aeroprobes from the aircraft and pressurize the shell of each aerosonde. After separation of the aerosonde from the aircraft, the radio signal of the accident is transmitted.

The signs of the method according to the prototype, coinciding with the essential features of the proposed method are:

- on board, for example, an aircraft, place several devices with radio beacons;

- separate devices with beacons from a moving object;

- turn on the beacons and transmit a distress signal.

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to obtain information about the emergency track of the object and its parameters until the accident, the associated complexity of the work to find the location of the crash point.

The technical result of the proposed method is to provide the ability to determine the emergency route of the object from the moment of the emergency to the point of direct collapse, obtaining information about the state of the object in real time.

The technical result is achieved in that in a method for determining the location of a moving object after its crash as a result of an accident, which involves the use of several devices with radio beacons located on a moving object with the possibility of separating them from the object, equipped with air and water carriers that are activated after separation of devices with radio beacons from object, the inclusion of beacons and a signal about the position of the crash site of the object, according to the invention, the determination of the crash site They are located at the coordinates of the end point of the emergency track of the object, which is formed in real time in the form of devices with beacons arranged sequentially along the chain on the surface of the earth or the water surface, which are periodically separated from the moving object, from the moment the emergency occurs until the crash.

The devices provide air and water carriers, providing the maximum speed of lowering (ascent) of the devices, still sufficient to maintain operability upon reaching the surface. Detachable devices sequentially in the direction of travel reach the surface of the earth or the water surface, above (below) which the object moves, located along the chain localizing the "emergency route" up to the point where the object stops (landing, ascent, accident, crash, drowning). The devices provide a beacon, navigator, identifier and transmitter of an information signal about the coordinates and condition of the object in real time. In addition, the devices provide the maximum unmasking elements, such as smoke, noise cartridges, flares, light and radio reflective surfaces. Separated from the object devices (mini-analogues of "black boxes") switch to receive information from the object and transmit it and information about the state of the object accumulated during the flight, broadcast in real time via radio and (or) light or other channel (e.g. ultrasound in water). The information on the state of the object and its current coordinates is repeatedly duplicated, which greatly facilitates the search and rescue operations.

It is not known from the prior art to determine the site of the crash of an object (landing, ascent, accident, drowning) as the end point of the emergency route of the object by information and signal devices periodically ejected from a moving object, from the moment of an emergency to the moment of the crash of the object that reaches the surface land (water) and transmit emergency and information signals in real time.

An advantage of the proposed method for determining the crash site of a moving object, such as an airplane or an underwater vessel, is the creation on the earth or water surface of a chain of information and signal marks-beacons along the trajectory of the object to the crash site, which allows to obtain information about the state of the emergency object and its movement path in real time from the start of the emergency to the moment of the crash and, thus, provides the ability to effectively conduct search and rescue operations.

The inventive method is as follows.

In flight or when moving under water, information and signaling devices (active beacons) are periodically thrown from the object from the moment of an emergency to the moment the object stops (landing, ascent, accident, crash, drowning), which are equipped with air and water carriers that provide the maximum speed of lowering (lifting) to the surface, still sufficient to maintain the operability of the devices. Fixation of devices on the surface occurs sequentially - along the chain and as close as possible to the projection of the trajectory of the crashing object on the surface (to the emergency track).

The time interval between the release of information and signaling devices can be estimated, for example, from the time of the crash of the aircraft, which is (if there are no intervals of stable horizontal flight) about 5 minutes at an initial flight altitude of 10,000 meters at a speed of 800 km / h (220 m / s); vertical fall velocity of approximately 30 m / s). The horizontal speed during a fall for this example will be about 218 m / s, and the plane will fly about 65 km from the point of the emergency to the crash point. With the frequency (accuracy) of the indication of the emergency route 1 device per 10 km will be required within 10 devices. It is difficult to determine the upper value of the emergency route length, since it can include sections of a stable horizontal flight. It can be assumed that it will not exceed 500 km. Then 50 devices are needed; to have so many “discarded” devices on board is not an impossible condition. In the event of an emergency, it is possible to foresee the disposal of devices the more often, the more the current state of the object deviates from the standard, which will allow more accurately determine the emergency route and the crash site.

The discarded devices are equipped with storage devices for information about the state of the object, devices for cellular and (or) other communications, navigators and identifiers, as well as the most unmasking elements, such as smokes, noise cartridges, signal missiles, mainly with controlled launch, light and radio reflective surfaces, optical and beacons. The current state of electronics makes it possible to fabricate discarded devices in series, at low cost, in a compact design that does not require collection (rescue). Information from the devices is read at a distance and is quickly processed by the devices that are equipped with search and rescue services, and the spent devices can be remotely disabled. According to the position (coordinates) of the device chain on the surface, an emergency trajectory of the object's movement up to the crash is determined. Unlike traditional "black boxes", the method allows to obtain a high-quality amount of information about the state and location of an object in real time from a large number of information devices, reduces the time and financial costs of searching, and increases the efficiency and effectiveness of search and rescue operations.

Claims (3)

1. The method of determining the location of a moving object after its crash as a result of an accident, including the use of several devices with radio beacons located on a moving object with the possibility of separating them from the object, equipped with air and water carriers, activated after separation of devices with radio beacons from the object, turning on the beacons and transmitting a signal about the position of the point of the crash site of the object, characterized in that the position of the crash site of the object is determined by the coordinates of the final t the emergency track of the object, formed in the form of devices arranged sequentially along a chain on the surface of the earth or the water surface with radio beacons periodically separated from the moving object, starting from the moment of an emergency and until the crash of the object, and the devices are thrown away more often than more the current state of the object deviates from the standard, but at least one device per 10 km, devices with radio beacons are equipped with identifiers, navigators, communication systems, etc. information signal transmitters are on the coordinates and the state of the object and separated from the device object switch to receiving information from the object is performed repeatedly duplicated and sent it, and information about the object stored in the course of the flight, the air in real time. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the emergency circuit devices provide as much as possible unmasking elements, such as fumes, noise cartridges, flares. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the information from the devices with the beacons of the emergency track of the object is read at a distance and is quickly processed by the devices that are equipped with search and rescue services, and the spent devices are remotely disabled.