RU2581046C2 - Indicating electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: electromagnetic relay is used in protection systems and intended for the indication of visual information on the state of protective relays. The relay comprises a body, a transparent housing, contact plates, a turning indicator (7) with a signal-indicating surface and a manual-switching element, a return spring and a retention pin moved by an electromagnet. The indicator (7) is shaped as a hollow cylinder limited in the axis by flat butt end parts and complete with a key (7e) placed at the boundary of signal-indicating surfaces (7b and 7c) of different colours. The indicator (7) is mounted so that it can be rotated at the pin placed in openings of side bars of a non-magnetic bracket (9) fixed at the ends of the magnetic core, whereto corner-shaped pole tips (12) are fixed. The corner ledges form a magnetic circuit closed by an operating part of an armature (13), which baseline (13c) is placed in parallel to the pivotal pin of the indicator (7). The indicator retention pin has a protrusion (13d) at the edge of the armature (13) operating part, a channel (7d) at the inner surface of the indicator and a spring (14) impacting the armature stem end.

EFFECT: development of a relay with visual signal perception and manual switching thus providing its stable operation in conditions of impact and vibration loads.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, electrical apparatus and switches, in particular low-voltage electromagnetic relays used in protection and automation systems and intended for visual information about the state of operation of protective relays and alarms about the creation of an abnormal and dangerous situation.

Known constructions of index (signal) electromagnetic relays contain a pointer with a signal surface, mechanisms of its movement and fixation [1, p. 652]. The pointer movement mechanism includes a spring or a load, and the locking mechanism contains an electromagnet. The first drawback of the known structures is a weak visual effect, which is a consequence of the small area of the signal surface with respect to the area occupied by the relay on the mounting plate. The second disadvantage is the low reliability of the relay in the presence of vibrations and shock loads. The last drawback is mainly due to the imbalance of the anchor.

A pointing electromagnetic relay is known, comprising a housing, a transparent casing, contact plates, a rotary indicator with a signal surface and a manual switching element, a return spring and a latch moved by an electromagnet, including a rotary armature with a magnetically closing plate and a shank, and two windings mounted on a magnetic circuit attached to the housing with pole pieces [2] (prototype). This invention is aimed at improving "noise immunity due to balancing of the armature". According to the inventors, this problem is solved by using two anchors oppositely mounted on the relay case. This technical solution allows you to balance the forces acting on the relay housing from different sides, but this does not solve the problem of balancing each armature individually. The relay armature cannot be statically balanced, since the armature and the shank, made as a whole, are located at right angles. When the relay acts on the relay, various forces depending on the direction of impact act on the anchor and shank. In addition to the aforementioned drawback, this invention, like its analogs, does not provide sufficient signal visualization due to the relatively small area of a flat signal surface and the lack of the possibility of its volumetric perception. Switching the relay to its initial state is carried out by rotating the relay handle. This movement is not simple and convenient.

The present invention is directed to solving the following technical problems:

1) improving the visual perception of the relay signal;

2) improving the reliability of the relay by ensuring stable operation in conditions of shock and vibration loads;

3) improving the convenience of manual relay switching.

The new index electromagnetic relay, as well as the prototype, contains a housing, a transparent casing, contact plates, a rotary pointer with a signal surface and a manual switching element, a return spring and a latch moved by an electromagnet. The latter includes a rotary anchor with a working part and a shank and two windings mounted on a magnetic circuit attached to the body with pole tips.

The rotary pointer is made in the form of a part of a hollow cylinder bounded along the axis by end flat parts. It is equipped with a key attached to it, located on the border of two signal surfaces of different colors. The pointer is mounted to rotate on a finger located in the holes of the side strips of a non-magnetic bracket. The latter is fixed at the ends of the magnetic circuit, to which are also attached pole pieces made in the form of corners. The shelves of the corners form a magnetic circuit, closed by the working part of the anchor. The anchor reference line is parallel to the axis of rotation of the pointer in contact with the edge of the bracket. The indicator latch includes a protrusion on the edge of the working part of the anchor, a groove made on the inner surface of the index, and a spring acting on the shank of the anchor.

The return spring of the pointer is made in the form of a torsion spring placed on its finger, one bent end of which is inserted into the hole of the side plate of the bracket, and the other straight end is in the groove cut on the pointer perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

The working part and the shank of the anchor are balanced relative to the anchor reference line. They are made of the same thickness in the form of rectangular plates, the dimensions of which are connected by the following ratio:

Where

a ₁ and b ₁ - the width and length of the working part of the armature plate,

and ₂ and b ₂ - the width and length of the shank of the anchor.

The distance from the upper edge to the anchor support line is equal to the length of the working part of the anchor, and the angle between the planes of the anchor and the shank does not exceed 10 °.

On the end parts of the pointer there are protrusions acting on the contact plates.

The casing contains a slot for the key, and its outer surface consists of two smoothly mating parts: cylindrical and flat, the axis of the cylindrical surface of the casing coinciding with the axis of rotation of the pointer, and the key has a bevel that is at the level of the flat surface of the casing in the initial state of the relay.

Improving the visual perception of the relay signal is provided, firstly, by increasing the area of the signal surface relative to the total area of the front surface of the relay. Secondly, in comparison with a flat surface, the cylindrical surface of the pointer protrudes in volume above the plane of the mounting surface, for example, the front panel of the cabinet where the relay is installed. Therefore, the viewing angle of the signal surface of the relay increases.

Ensuring stable operation in conditions of shock and vibration loads is achieved due to the static balance of the armature by using the proposed functional connection of the geometric dimensions of the parts of the armature.

Improving the convenience of manual switching of the relay is provided, firstly, by replacing the rotational motion with a simpler translational motion. Secondly, the proposed shape of the key and the casing excludes switching relays in case of accidentally touching the key.

In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a relay; FIG. 2 is a transverse section AA of FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 is a cross section BB of FIG. 1, in FIG. 4 is a transverse section BB of FIG. 1, in FIG. 5 is a front view of the anchor, in FIG. 6 is a profile view A of the anchor of FIG. 5.

Indicative electromagnetic relay contains a housing 1, which consists of a block 1A and two bases 1b and 1c, which are fastened with screws 2 (Fig. 1 and 2). A transparent casing 3 is attached to the bases 1b and 1c. The contact plates 4 are mounted on the block 1A. They are electrically connected to an external connection, including fasteners 5 and 6.

The relay also contains a rotary pointer 7, which is made in the form of a part of a hollow cylinder bounded along the axis by end flat parts (Fig. 1). It is equipped with a key 7a attached to it, located on the border of two signal surfaces 7b and 7c of different colors (Fig. 3). The pointer 7 is mounted rotatably on the finger 8, which is placed in the holes of the side strips of the non-magnetic staples 9 (Fig. 1). The latter is fixed at the ends of the magnetic circuit 10 of a two-coil electromagnet 11. To the ends of the magnetic circuit 10 are also attached pole pieces 12, made in the form of corners (Fig. 3). The shelves of the corners form a magnetic circuit, which is closed by the working part 13a of the armature 13, which has a shank 13b. The reference line 13 in the armature 13, which is the axis of its rotation, is parallel to the axis of rotation of the pointer 7 in contact with the edge of the bracket 9. The indicator latch includes a protrusion 13g, located on the edge of the working part of the armature 13, a groove 7g, made on the inner surface of the pointer 7, and a flat spring 14 acting on the shank 13b of the anchor.

The return spring 15 of the pointer 7 is made in the form of a torsion spring placed on its finger, one bent end of which is inserted into the hole of the side plate of the bracket 9 (Fig. 1), and the other straight end is in the groove 7d cut on the pointer 7 perpendicular to the axis of rotation ( Fig. 4).

The working part 13a and the shank 13b of the armature 13 are balanced relative to the anchor support line 13c (Figs. 5 and 6). They are made of the same thickness in the form of rectangular plates, the dimensions of which are related by relation (1).

An example of the geometric parameters of the anchor 7, ensuring its equilibrium with respect to the reference line:

a ₁ mm b ₁ mm a ₂ mm b ₂ mm α ° twenty 6 four 13,4 10

The distance from the top edge to the anchor support line is equal to the length of the working part of the anchor. In the considered example, b ₁ = 6 mm.

The casing 3 contains a slot 3a for the key 7a, and its outer surface consists of two smoothly mating parts: cylindrical 3b and flat 3c, the axis of the cylindrical surface 3b of the casing 3 coincides with the axis of rotation of the pointer 7, and the key 7a has a bevel 7d at a level the flat part 3B of the casing 3 in the initial state of the relay (Fig. 3).

On the end parts of the pointer 7 there are protrusions 7e acting on the contact plates 4 (Fig. 2).

The relay operates as follows. In the initial state, the pointer 7 occupies the position shown in FIG. 2, 3 and 4. In this case, the electromagnet 11 is de-energized. On the front surface 3a of the transparent casing 3 (in the field of view of the operator) there is a signal part 7b of the indicator 7, which with its color, for example green, indicates the initial position of the relay and the normal state of the protection system (Fig. 3). The key 7a is recessed in the slot 3a of the casing and is protected against accidental pressing. When the protection system is activated, the windings of the electromagnet 11 are energized. The working part 13a of the armature is attracted to the pole pieces 12, and the armature rotates around the support line 13c. The protrusion 13g of the anchor leaves the groove 7g of the indicator 7. The latter rotates (counterclockwise in Fig. 3) under the action of the return spring 15. At the same time, the signal surface 7c of another, for example red, is displayed on the front surface 3a of the casing. The key occupies a position accessible for manual switching (shown in Fig. 3 by a dashed line).

When the voltage supplied to the relay is turned off, the pointer continues to remain in the “alarm” mode. After eliminating the cause of the operation of the protection system, the relay is restored to the initial state by manually turning (cocking) the key 7a (clockwise in Fig. 3). In this case, the protrusion 13g of the armature enters the groove 7g of the pointer under the action of the spring 14 and the angular position of the pointer 7 is fixed.

The new technical solution allows, firstly, to improve the visual perception of the signal of the indicator relay; secondly, to increase the reliability of the relay by ensuring stable operation under shock and vibration loads; thirdly, to increase the convenience of manual switching of the relay.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. V.I. Gurevich. Electrical relays. Device, principle of operation and application. Handbook of electrical engineering. Series "Components and Technologies". - M.: SOLON-Press, 2011 .-- 688 p.: Ill.

2. RF patent No. 2074440 (RU). Electromagnetic relay. Published on February 27, 1997 IPC: Н01Н 50/18, Н01Н 51/20.

Claims (5)

1. Indicating electromagnetic relay comprising a housing, a transparent casing, contact plates, a rotary indicator with a signal surface and a manual switching element, a return spring and a latch moved by an electromagnet, including a rotary armature with a working part and a shank, and two windings mounted on attached to the casing of the magnetic circuit with pole tips, characterized in that the rotary pointer is made in the form of a part of a hollow cylinder bounded along the axis by end flat parts, provided attached to it by a button located on the border of two signal surfaces of different colors, and mounted to rotate on a finger located in the holes of the side strips of a non-magnetic bracket attached to the ends of the magnetic circuit, to which are also attached pole pieces made in the form of corners, the shelves of which form a magnetic circuit closed by the working part of the anchor, the reference line of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the pointer in contact with the edge of the bracket, and the indicator latch includes a protrusion on the edge of the working part of the anchor, a groove located on the inner surface of the pointer, and a spring acting on the shank of the anchor. 2. The index electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the index return spring is made in the form of a torsion spring placed on its finger, one bent end of which is inserted into the hole of the side bracket of the bracket, and the other straight end is in the groove cut perpendicular to the pointer axis of rotation. 3. The index electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the working part and the shank of the armature are balanced relative to the reference line of the armature and are made of the same thickness in the form of rectangular plates, the dimensions of which are connected by the following ratio:

Where
a ₁ and b ₁ - the width and length of the working part of the armature plate,
and ₂ and b ₂ - the width and length of the shank of the anchor,
moreover, the distance from the upper edge to the anchor support line is equal to the length of the working part of the anchor, and the angle between the planes of the anchor and the shank does not exceed 10 °. 4. The index electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that on the end parts of the pointer there are protrusions acting on the contact plates. 5. The index electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing contains a slot for the key, and its outer surface consists of two smoothly mating parts: cylindrical and flat, the axis of the cylindrical surface of the casing coinciding with the axis of rotation of the pointer, and the key has a bevel located at the level of the flat surface of the casing in the initial state of the relay.

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