RU2578621C1 - Bus (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: bus comprises armored body. Body features streamlined surface with elongated front part, main propulsors represent track assembly, in the rear part of the body there is a second motor, on the housing bottom closer to track assembly, than to the bottom of the housing, there are sliding water-jet propulsors. Below the level of protective side windows there are extending wings in the front part of the casing above the level of extension of wings are extending rocket launchers, below the level of extension of wings in the middle part of the housing there are side extending missile launchers, and in the frame rear-bottom extending machine guns, in the middle part of the roof of the housing there is the main part of air defense rocket-cannon complex. In one version of the bus in the rear part of the housing as the second motor is arranged under bodies of air-jet engines. In another version of the bus as the second motor is placed rocket engine.

EFFECT: compact arrangement of the bus when reliability and efficiency of its functional elements.

30 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to multifunctional armored vehicles and can be used both for military purposes and for all kinds of expeditions.

The analogs of the proposed group of inventions include various tracked armored personnel carriers - cross-country vehicles designed for the transport of motorized rifle troops, military cargoes and weapons. Armored personnel carriers are also used as command or staff vehicles for communications, security and other special tasks. They can have a sealed armor housing equipped with filtering units to protect against radiation damage, bacteriological and chemical weapons, day and night vision devices and bulletproof armor. There are armored personnel carriers aircraft and floating. Propellers, water cannons, or regular caterpillar chains are used as a propulsion unit (Great Soviet Encyclopedia, Vol. 3, Volume 4, 1971).

The use of armored personnel carriers is limited by their small capacity, as a rule, not exceeding 13 people, the speed of movement, which for most tracked armored personnel carriers does not exceed 70 km / h, the lack of comfort of the cabin (tight conditions, the inability to place inside the kitchen, toilet, bar, refrigerator, full bedrooms places) and their low firepower.

Known crawler floating armored personnel carrier EFV (Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle) company General Dynamics, equipped with an automatic gun Bushmaster II, a machine gun and two smoke grenade launchers. The armored personnel carrier has a welded case made of aluminum armor with improved corrosion resistance characteristics. The shape of the hull is classic, with straight sides and a slight negative slope of the back wall. The roof of the hull is flat, with a tower installed closer to the front, a landing hatch in the rear and crew hatches in the front. The bottom is profiled, designed to provide gliding. The front of the hull is occupied by the transmission compartment, behind it there is a combat compartment, in which there are places of the driver (on the left side) and the landing commander (on the right). The middle part of the fighting compartment is a tower with installed main armament. In the tower are the places of the gunner and commander. The middle part of the body is occupied by the power compartment, which houses the MTU 883 diesel engine, cooling and ventilation systems, and the main transmission. In the aft part of the hull there is an airborne compartment accommodating 16 paratroopers with weapons and equipment, or 2.5 tons of cargo. To enter and exit the landing in the rear wall of the hull is equipped with an oval single-leaf hatch that opens down and forms in the open state a small ramp for marines or cargo. Fuel tanks are located on the roof of the hull in the middle, along the sides. The engine of this armored personnel carrier is a diesel 12-cylinder V-shaped with water cooling and turbocharging. Manual transmission with automatic transmission and torque converters. The transfer case allows you to transmit engine power simultaneously to the caterpillar and water-jet propulsion. The suspension of the armored personnel carrier EFV is hydropneumatic. When moving on water, the suspension brings the track rollers to their highest position, to reduce the resistance to movement, the tracks are almost completely retracted into niches. On the sides in the rear of the hull are two water-jet propulsors. The nozzles are equipped with dampers, when shut off, water enters the reversing nozzles on the side of the housing. The course control is carried out by partial or complete overlap of one damper, reverse - by overlapping two. When moving on land, the shutters completely block the nozzles of the water jets, protecting them from the ingress of foreign objects. The total thrust of water jets about 10 tons. When moving through water in the front and rear of the body of the armored personnel carrier, two shields fold back, making it easier for the EFV to enter planing mode. The rear shield in the raised position is located on the roof. When moving on water, the lateral parts of the tracks are covered by two hinged side shields, while moving on land, the shields can be raised and serve as additional protection to the hull (official website of the United States Marine Corps, and also , 26-08-2012).

The disadvantage of the EFV armored personnel carrier is the cramped conditions for the crew - the people inside are sitting opposite each other, resting on each other's knees. In addition, this armored personnel carrier is not able to move under water.

The closest analogue is the Rhino runner bus from Labock Technologies. The bus body is a collapsible armored structure consisting of panels fastened with supporting elements and between each other. The front of the hull, described in US 2006288856 A1, F41H 5/24, 12/28/2006, consists of an armored windshield, a protective frame for the windshield, a lower front protective shield, an “anti-explosion shield” located below (bottom), and a panel lateral protection. The front protective shield and the “explosion-proof shield” are mounted on a fastener located in the front of the case. All protective panels are relatively lightweight composite armor. Glasses are bulletproof only in one direction. The bus is equipped with self-supporting tires and has 12 loopholes (03/11/2006).

The disadvantages of the described bus can be attributed to low passability, relatively poor stability during side collisions on uneven terrain, and also the vulnerability of the propulsion device for the enemy - despite the fact that the bus body can withstand the direct hit of a rocket-propelled grenade, the enemy can damage the bus itself by hitting the damaging element in the wheel .

The objective of the proposed group of inventions is the development of a high-speed multi-functional combat bus designed for the long-term transportation of passengers and cargo, providing a degree of protection against explosions and direct hits from a grenade launcher no less than that of the prototype, as well as having high passability.

The technical result of the group of inventions is the ability to use the proposed multifunctional bus to conduct large-scale combat operations, the ability to fully control the weapons built into the body of the bus, in the event of breakdown of individual attachment points, the ability to detect and fire at seven targets in automatic mode simultaneously (not including targets, manually fired), as well as the ability of the bus to fly, swim and travel at a speed of more than 200 km / h through mud and / or rough terrain. The technical result is also the compact layout of the bus with the reliability and efficiency of its functional elements.

To achieve a technical result, two modifications of the bus are proposed.

A multifunctional bus (compact modification) is proposed, comprising an armored casing 1, which is a collapsible structure consisting of panels fastened with supporting elements and between each other, and an armored side door 2, a protective windshield 3, protective side windows 4, a body placed in it and located underneath the main engine, transmission and main propulsors, characterized in that the body has a streamlined surface with an elongated front part and a height less than its width at the back of its hour and the cargo hatch 5a is located, the main movers are caterpillar movers 7, in the rear part of the body under the body are jet engines 8a, below which on the bottom of the body closer to the tracked movers than the midline of the bottom of the body, there are retractable water jets 29, extendable wings 9 are placed below the level of the protective side windows; in the front of the housing, extendable rocket-propelled grenade launchers 11 are located above the level of the extendable wings; below the level of the extendible wings in the middle part of the housing are placed lateral retractable rocket launchers 13, and in the rear of the hull - lower retractable machine guns 12, in the middle part of the roof of the hull is the main part of the anti-aircraft missile-cannon complex (SAM), consisting of a platform 18 made with the possibility of rotation around its axis, located in its center of the tower 19 with built-in main radar station, including a radar and optoelectronic guidance system, directional energy weapons 22 (gun) and the first lifting and swinging mechanism to which the above is connected e weapons placed on it by the first rocket launcher 20 and the second rocket launcher 21, mounted on the second lifting and swinging mechanism 23 and located on both sides of the tower so that the front or rear side of each installation does not go beyond the tangent to the tower perpendicular to the specified installation, an additional radar station 25 is located on top of the front of the casing, retractable anti-aircraft machine guns 27 are located on top of the rear of the casing, which together with the heads part of the anti-aircraft missile and cannon system are anti-aircraft missile and cannon system.

A multifunctional bus (full modification) is also proposed, which differs from the compact modification in that the cargo hatch 56 is located in the middle of the hull on one side, and a rocket engine 86 is located behind the body in the rear of the hull.

The main part of the anti-aircraft missile-cannon complex is made with the possibility of shelter under the bus body by lowering it and at the same time raising the upper part of the body 24.

Air-jet engines 8a (for compact modification of the bus) or rocket engine 86 (for full modification) is made (s) with the possibility of shelter under the bus body due to their (his) retraction into the body and, at the same time, extension of the rear part of the body 17.

On the cargo hatch there is a frame 6 with a protective glass and loopholes.

Retractable rocket launchers 11, side retractable rocket launchers 13, retractable anti-aircraft 27 and lower machine guns 12 are made with the possibility of shelter in the loopholes 14, 16, 28 and 15, respectively.

On the sides of the hull above the level of the retractable wings, as well as on the front of the hull there are additional loopholes 26, designed for grenade launchers, machine guns, machine guns and some other weapons.

In total, two retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers 11 are placed on each side of the body, two additional loopholes 26 on each side of the body, and two additional loopholes 26 on the front of the body. Also, two loopholes are placed on the cargo hatch.

Slots for retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers 11, retractable lower machine guns 12 and additional loopholes 26 are equipped with a mechanism for blocking the rotation of the muzzle of the weapons placed in them towards the wings in the case when the latter are pulled out ("protection from the fool").

The first missile launcher 20, the second missile launcher 21, the directed energy weapon 22 and the retractable anti-aircraft machine guns 27 are combined by means of a synchronization mechanism, which for these missile launchers allows you to change position due to the second lifting and rotating mechanism 23 and / or rotation of the platform 18, and for weapons of directed energy, it allows you to change position due to the first lifting and turning mechanism and / or rotation of the tower 19 and / or rotation of the platform 18, and the synchronization mechanism has:

- the function of blocking the contact of the listed weapons during movement, in particular when aiming at a target,

- the function of blocking the intersection of lines of fire at close range for different weapons and

- the function of installing priority weapons.

Side rocket launchers 13 are equipped with high-speed underwater missiles that can hit a target both above and below the water. These installations are also equipped with a missile launch warning system during the close proximity of a target or blocking object.

The protective windshield 3 has a convex shape, and the angle of inclination of the tangent in the middle of the specified glass is 38-57 degrees.

Above the protective windshield 3, the protective side windows 4 and the protective glass located on the cargo hatch 5 a or 56, armored plates 31 are installed on the outside of the bus body (Fig. 1), with the ability to close all of these windows.

The body panels are fastened to the supporting elements and to each other by means of rubber joints.

A plug or membrane is installed at the nozzle exit of the second engine.

A shutter is located on the lower part of the front side of each water-jet propulsion device 29, and each of the water-jet propulsion devices 29 is designed in such a way that in working condition the height (a) of its part located above the level of the hull day is not less than its height (b) parts below the bottom of the hull, multiplied by 1.5.

In the upper rear part of the bus housing is a retractable rudder 34.

The proposed bus has two modifications - compact and full, and can operate in four modes - civil, combat, flight mode and in combat flying mode.

In the compact modification of the bus, a group of aircraft engines (for example, two turbojet or direct-flow engines) is used as the second engine.

In the full modification of the bus, a rocket engine is used as the second engine. This modification has a cargo capacity of approximately 1.5 times more than compact, and is designed for cargo of greater mass.

Compact modification is designed for 7, 14, 21 or 28 seats. Full modification - for 7, 12, 19, 24 or 25 seats (not including the driver’s cab).

With fewer seats inside the bus, it is possible to place a kitchen with a refrigerator, a toilet, a bar, sleeping places and other means of life support.

In civilian mode or flight mode, all weapons are inside the hull.

In combat mode, at least one weapon is in an active state.

In flight mode, all weapons are inside the hull, wings are extended and air-jet (or rocket) engines work.

In combat flight mode, in addition to this, at least one weapon is in an active state.

The design of the proposed bus is shown in FIG. 1-8.

In FIG. 1 shows a compact modification of the bus in combat mode (side view).

In FIG. 2 shows a full modification of the bus in combat mode (side view).

In FIG. 3 shows a bus in combat mode (front view).

In FIG. 4 shows a full modification of the bus in civilian mode (side view).

In FIG. 5 shows a full modification of the bus with open tracks (top view).

In FIG. Figure 6 shows an air defense system with arms horizontally located and directed to one side (top view).

In FIG. 7 shows a SAM system with a rocket launcher 20 located at an angle of 70 ° to the surface of the platform 18 (top view).

In FIG. 8 shows an air defense system with a rocket launcher 20 and retractable anti-aircraft machine guns 27 located at an angle of 70 ° to the surface of the platform 18.

The elongated shape of the front of the hull 1, which is a collapsible design of modular armor, gives the bus good aerodynamic properties during ground movement or flight, while allowing the bus and passengers to withstand severe head-on collisions and facilitates the movement of the bus under water.

The streamlined shape of the hull, the elongated shape of its front part and the fact that the height of the hull is less than its width provide a fairly heavy bus construction with soft take-off and landing, as well as stability on the ground. Thus, passengers can feel comfortable both when moving on the ground and in the air.

The mass of the bus is reduced due to the use of composite armor with ceramic inclusions.

Since the body panels are fastened to the supporting elements and to each other by means of rubber joints, sealing the bus interior and engines, and the lower part (bottom) of the body is equipped with two water jets 29 (Fig. 2 and 3), located much closer to the tracked engines than to the average line of the bottom of the body, the bus also has the ability to move in the water.

Water jets are located as described above for the following reasons. They are not located on the sides of the bus body, firstly, due to lack of space, and secondly, in this case they will be higher than the level of caterpillar movers. If the bus will float on the surface, it turns out they will not be able to work.

As shown in FIG. 3, the distance (g) is much greater than the distance (c), that is, the water-jet propulsors are located at the bottom of the body much closer to the tracked propulsors (and, accordingly, to the edges of the bottom) than to the midline of the bottom. With this arrangement, the movement of the bus under water is more uniform and easily controlled, while the massive design of the bus does not interfere with moving in a stable position. In addition, in the case of a complete modification of the bus, the position of the jet propulsion closer to the center of the bottom is prevented by the rocket engine located above.

On the lower part of the front side of each jet propulsion device 29, a shutter is located. By blocking the nozzle of each mover with it, you can adjust the direction of movement of the bus under water or on water. At the same time, this damper serves as an obstacle for sand, silt, earth and other things getting into the mover. Moreover, each of the water-jet propulsion devices 29 is made in such a way that, in working condition, the height (a) of its part located above the level of the hull day is not less than the height (b) of its part located below the level of the hull bottom, multiplied by 1, 5 (see FIG. 3). Due to this, water-jet propulsors are located at a sufficiently high height (compared to caterpillar propulsion), which, along with the presence of the above-described damper, prevents clogging of the nozzle and the so-called “suction” to the bottom (for example, a river), when due to the absorption of silt or sand water-jet propulsors suck the vehicle to the bottom.

In addition to controlling the damper, you can change the direction of the bus under water due to the displacement of the jet propulsion itself. When the bus moves to the left, the front part of the right mover is shifted to the left, and the rear part remains in the same place, the rear part of the left mover is shifted to the right, and the front remains in the same place.

This is the most optimal option, taking into account the constrained conditions for water-jet propulsors: caterpillar propulsors are located in relative proximity to each of them.

The transfer case has the ability to transmit engine power simultaneously to the caterpillar and water-jet propulsors, and the power distribution is adjusted by shifting gears in manual or automatic mode.

Caterpillar movers 7 provide the ability to move in almost any terrain and eliminate the "puncture tire", which allows you to call the bus cross-country.

Each tracked mover is amphibious and equipped with a belt with an integrated conveyor for pulling oars. When moving forward in water, the track rotates counterclockwise. From its section, which passed the front wheel of the caterpillar mover, the oars protrude, which again retract into the tape, passing the rear wheel of the mover. If this mechanism does not work, the caterpillar mover can only work when the bus moves on the surface of the water, as in the water the oars from above will push the bus backward, and the oars from below - forward.

When the bus is in the water, the oars can be advanced in three ways:

- manually by pressing the lever located in front of the bus,

- semi-automatic by pressing the appropriate button on the control panel located in the driver's cab, or

- automatic, in which pressure sensors built into the lower part of the bus body at the level of caterpillar movers read out the ambient pressure and transmit data to the control element of the conveyor for pulling oars. If the pressure (excluding atmospheric) exceeds 0.05 kg / cm ² , which corresponds to the water pressure at a depth of 50 cm, the oars will automatically extend. When pressure drops, they automatically retract. The pressure at which the control element of the conveyor sliding oars, can be changed using the control panel 33 (Fig. 5).

Thus, you can control the speed of the bus under water by three means - water-jet propulsion, caterpillar propulsion and rocket engine. There are three ways to control the direction of movement of a bus under water - by raising and lowering the dampers on the water-jet propulsion devices, by displacing the water-jet propulsion devices, and also by operating the caterpillar propulsion devices.

The reverse movement under water is carried out by water-jet and caterpillar propulsion.

The second engine 8a (air-jet group) or 8b (rocket) can serve as a backup (in case of a malfunction of the main engine), flight or accelerator, that is, if necessary, the bus can accelerate to speeds far exceeding the speed that the main engine. Moreover, along with the construction of the front of the hull, the use of composite armor containing carbon fiber layers, which during the collision give a shock-absorbing effect, which together makes it possible to withstand powerful head-on collisions, as well as using tracked engines, the use of such powerful engines if necessary may allow the bus to travel through dirt and / or rough terrain, as well as, "in the case of obstructions," drive ahead at speeds exceeding 200-250 km / h.

A set and decrease in altitude during the flight is due to rotation around its axis of the wings 9 and / or changes in flight speed. Turn during flight is carried out either due to the retractable rudder 34 (Fig. 2) located in the rear upper part of the bus body, or due to the rotation of one of the wings around its axis.

Wings 9 with a strong armored structure can serve not only as a means of flight, but can also prevent the bus from tipping over, for example, when driving on uneven terrain, in the event of an explosion or hit by a projectile, or serve as a means by which the bus turned on its side again can be put on the tracks - due to the fact that the extendable wings rest against the ground.

A plug or membrane is installed at the nozzle exit of the second engine. This prevents water from entering the engine and makes it possible to start a rocket engine under water.

The front part of the bus is able to withstand direct impact of a rocket-propelled grenade due to the following factors: thickness and strength of fastening of panels made of composite armor containing carbon fiber layers and ceramic inclusions, the shape of the body surface, made in such a way that with a greater degree of probability a strike by an attacking element will pass through tangent, and thickness, convex shape and tilt of the windshield 38-57 degrees, which also prevents the direct hit of a rocket-propelled grenade or the direct impact of an explosive olny. It should be noted that with maximum protection, the windshield provides sufficient visibility.

Armored plates 31 (Fig. 1), which are built into the bus body above all the windows from the outside, ensure the safety of the crew and cargo in the event of the destruction of one or more glasses (for example, they shelter from fire in the event of an armed attack or seal the bus interior under water). The placement of the plates on the outside is preferable since they can also serve as protection for the glasses themselves.

In the case when the front windshield is closed, the driver can be guided by the image from the DVR displayed on the monitor 32 (Fig. 2), which for convenience can be located at the glass level.

In the combat mode of the bus, part of the weapon can be hidden inside the case. This will protect them from external threats, for example, during hostilities.

An electric motor is used as the main engine. It is also possible to use an internal combustion engine or an air motor.

In the compact modification of the bus (Fig. 1), a group of air-jet engines 8a is used as the second engine, which acts as a backup, flight and accelerator (to increase the speed of movement on the ground). This allows you to reduce the length of the bus by almost 20% compared with the full modification. In this case, the loading hatch 5a with frame 6 is located in the rear of the housing, and the engine itself is located in the rear of the housing under the body.

In the full modification of the bus (Fig. 2), the rocket 8b is used as the second engine. In this case, the loading hatch 5b with frame 6 is located in the middle part of the body on the side, and the engine itself is on the back of the body.

The main advantage of a full bus modification over a compact one is that a rocket engine with a shutter or a membrane located on the nozzle section, unlike air-jet engines, can operate under water and has great power.

The extendable platform 18 is rotatable around its axis. This allows all the weapons located on it - the first rocket launcher 20, the second rocket launcher 21 and directed energy weapons 22, to simultaneously change the direction of the attack line and direct the weapons at the target with greater speed.

Additional radar station 25 may serve as a backup or auxiliary. When using the primary and secondary radar stations together, the probability of detecting objects for which stealth technology is used increases by approximately 25-30%. The viewing azimuth and object detection speed are increased.

Due to the simultaneous use of the radar and the optoelectronic guidance system, the radar station located in the tower 19 allows the capture of four targets simultaneously. The inclusion of an additional radar station 25 allows the capture of seven targets simultaneously.

Anti-aircraft (missile) defense can be carried out in manual or automatic operation of directed energy weapons 22, rocket launchers 20 and 21 and retractable anti-aircraft machine guns 27. In the automatic air defense (ABM) mode, retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers 11 and lower machine guns 12 can also operate.

Retractable lateral rocket launchers 13 and rocket launchers 20 and 21 have radio command guidance with infrared, radar and laser tracking.

The altitude of the target for rocket launchers 20 and 21 is 8 m - 20 km, however, in combat flying mode, by raising the altitude by the bus, the upper threshold can be increased, which makes it possible to destroy an object moving in the stratosphere.

The main part of the anti-aircraft missile-cannon complex is placed under the bus body by lowering it and at the same time raising the upper part of the body 24, the jet engines 8a (for compact modification of the bus) or the rocket engine 8b (for full modification) are placed under the bus body for the account of their (his) retraction into the body and at the same time the extension of the rear part of the body 17, retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers 11, side retractable rocket launchers 13, anti-aircraft 27 and lower machine guns 12 are removed in the loopholes 14, 16, 28 and 15 s respectively (Fig. 4). When the bus enters civilian mode, all weapons are removed under the hull. The wings 9 are folded and retracted into the holes 10.

The retractable rudder 34 folds and retracts into the hole 35 (Fig. 5).

Water jets 29 (Fig. 2, 3) are retracted into the holes 30 (Fig. 1, 4).

While maintaining a horizontal position, the weapon of directional energy 22 has the ability to vertical displacement (see Fig. 2). This provides a more accurate and faster aiming. Moreover, this weapon has a vertical angle of fire of 90 °, horizontal 45 ° due to the first lifting and swinging mechanism, 365 ° due to the rotation of the tower 19 and also 365 ° due to the rotation of the platform 18. Missile launchers 20 and 21 have a firing angle vertically 90 °, horizontally - 365 ° due to the second lifting and turning mechanism 23 and also 365 ° horizontally due to the rotation of the platform 18.

The location of the platform 18 in the Central part of the housing 1 and the location of the tower 19 in the Central part of the platform allows you to completely place the air defense system under the body of the bus with a full modification while maintaining space in the cabin of the bus. The displacement of the SAM system in the rear is impossible due to the presence of a rocket engine in it.

The use of weapons of directed energy 22, built into the tower 19, avoids the negative mechanical impact during firing on the main radar station, also built into the tower, as can happen in the case of firearms and missile weapons.

The front or back side of each launcher should not go beyond the tangent to the tower perpendicular to the installation, as shown in FIG. 6. This allows rocket launchers in a horizontal position to be perpendicular to each other.

The movement of the first rocket launcher 20, the second rocket launcher 21, directed energy weapons 22 and anti-aircraft machine guns 27 is adjusted using a synchronization mechanism (not shown in FIG.).

The design of the SAM system does not involve the firing of one weapon at another, however, in the absence of a synchronization mechanism, they can collide with each other, which may interfere with the conduct of hostilities. In addition, if during manual control systematically collide weapons with each other, over time, this can lead to deterioration of the attachment points and other elements of the air defense system. In this regard, the presence of a synchronization mechanism would be highly desirable.

As shown in figures 6, 7 and 8, the basic principles of this mechanism are that:

- to prevent collision and friction of the elements of air defense systems among themselves,

- to avoid collisions of striking elements (bullets, missiles), do not allow the intersection of the lines of fire of different weapons at close range (in this case, the intersection of the lines of fire behind the target is permissible),

- provide the ability to install priority weapons. When installing a priority weapon, neighboring weapons will automatically give way and place to it (that is, shift and change the direction of the line of fire).

The synchronization mechanism may be mechanical, electronic and electronic-mechanical.

In the mechanical version, straps are attached to the base of each weapon of the ZRPK, which can abut either the base of other weapons or an element characterizing the location of another weapon. Thus, the straps prevent the rotation of any weapon, depending on its relative position in relation to others.

In the electronic version, the location of the weapons is regulated thanks to the movement / location sensors. This option is more accurate, but less stable, because it depends on the operation of the electronics.

In the electronic-mechanical arrangement of weapons is regulated both due to the design of the straps, and due to motion sensors. This option is the most accurate and reliable. It is installed on a full bus modification.

When the synchronization mechanism is turned off, it is recommended that the directed energy weapon be aimed by rotating the platform 18, rocket launchers can be targeted by rotating the platform and themselves relative to the platform. If you install the rocket launchers vertically, weapons directed energy can be rotated manually by rotating the platform 18, the tower 19 and the built-in lifting and turning mechanism for the above weapons. Thus, it can be used without the synchronization mechanism, however, it should be taken into account that with its presence, the reaction time of the SAM system is doubled, and a number of the above problems are eliminated.

The presence of several turning means for the same weapon and, accordingly, a large number of degrees of freedom of movement also allows to reduce the reaction time of the air defense system and, in addition, makes it possible to control the weapon in case of breakdown of individual attachment points and other elements of the air defense system.

Based on the above, we can conclude that with the most compact layout of the bus and its versatility, each node and element, including air defense systems and other weapons, the radar system, propulsion systems, wings and engines, effectively performs its functions without interfering with the operation of other nodes and elements and without exerting a negative mechanical effect on them. In addition, the bus is designed so that the functions of each node and element can perform backup or additional nodes and elements - for example, movement in water can be carried out by caterpillar, water-jet propulsion and / or rocket engine, and weapon control of the air defense system can also be carried out by several ways and through several mechanisms.

Despite the relatively high cost of assembly of the bus, due primarily to the high cost of rocket and jet air engines, nevertheless, there are all the means to implement the proposed group of inventions.

Both modifications of the bus are designed for long-term transportation of passengers and cargo during hostilities and other extreme conditions. They can be used both for military operations, and for various expeditions.

Claims (30)

1. A multifunctional bus comprising an armored body, which is a collapsible structure consisting of panels fastened with supporting elements and between each other, and an armored side door, a protective windshield, protective side windows, a body and a main engine located underneath, transmission and main movers, characterized in that the body has a streamlined surface with an elongated front part and a height less than its width, a cargo hatch is located in its rear part, the main The towers are caterpillar thrusters, in the rear part of the hull under the body are jet engines, below which on the bottom of the hull closer to the caterpillar thrusters than to the midline of the bottom of the hull, there are retractable water jets, below the level of the protective side windows there are retractable wings, the front of the hull above the level of the retractable wings placed retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers, below the level of the retractable wings in the middle of the hull are lateral retractable rocket launchers, and in the back of the hull - lower retractable machine guns, in the middle of the roof of the hull there is the main part of the anti-aircraft missile-cannon complex, consisting of a platform made with the possibility of rotation around its axis, located in its center of the tower with integrated main radar station, including a radar and optoelectronic guidance system, directed energy weapons and the first lifting and turning mechanism to which the above weapons are connected, placed on it by the first rocket launcher and in with a missile launcher mounted on a second lifting and swinging mechanism and located on both sides of the tower so that the front or back of each installation does not extend beyond the tangent to the tower perpendicular to the specified installation, an additional radar station is located on top of the front of the hull , on top of the rear of the hull are anti-aircraft retractable machine guns, which together with the main part of the anti-aircraft missile and cannon complex constitute anti-aircraft missile -cannon complex. 2. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the main part of the anti-aircraft missile-cannon system is made with the possibility of shelter under the bus body by lowering it and at the same time raising the upper part of the body. 3. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet engines are made with the possibility of shelter under the body of the bus by pulling them into the body and at the same time extending the rear of the body. 4. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame with a protective glass and loopholes is placed on the cargo hatch. 5. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the retractable rocket launchers, side retractable rocket launchers, retractable anti-aircraft and lower machine guns are made with the possibility of shelter in the loopholes. 6. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that on the sides of the hull above the level of the retractable wings, as well as on the front of the hull there are additional loopholes. 7. The bus according to claim 6, characterized in that the loopholes for retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers, retractable lower machine guns and additional loopholes are equipped with a mechanism to block the rotation of the muzzle of the weapons placed in them towards the wings in the case when the latter are extended. 8. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first missile launcher, the second missile launcher, directional energy weapons and retractable anti-aircraft machine guns are combined by means of a synchronization mechanism, which for these missile launchers allows you to change position due to the second lifting and turning mechanism and / or rotation of the platform, and for weapons of directional energy allows you to change position due to the first lifting and turning mechanism, and / or rotation of the tower, and / or rotation of the platform, and the mechanism synchronization has:
- the function of blocking the contact of the listed weapons during movement, in particular when aiming at a target,
- the function of blocking the intersection of lines of fire at close range for different weapons and
- the function of installing priority weapons. 9. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the side missile launchers are equipped with high-speed submarine missiles and are also equipped with a warning system for launching these missiles during close proximity of a target or blocking object. 10. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective windshield has a convex shape, and the angle of inclination of the tangent in the middle of the specified glass is 38-57 degrees. 11. The bus according to claim 4, characterized in that above the protective windshield, the protective side windows and the protective glass located on the cargo hatch, armored plates are integrated into the bus body from the outside, with the ability to close all of the listed windows. 12. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the body panels are fastened to the supporting elements and to each other by means of rubber joints. 13. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that a shutter is located on the lower part of the front side of each water-jet propulsion device, and each of the water-jet propulsion devices is designed in such a way that the height of its part located above the level of the hull day is at least than the height of its part located below the bottom of the hull, multiplied by 1.5. 14. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the armored casing is made of composite armor with ceramic inclusions. 15. The bus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper upper part of the body of the bus is a retractable rudder. 16. A multifunctional bus comprising an armored body, which is a collapsible structure consisting of panels fastened with supporting elements and between each other, and an armored side door, a protective windshield, protective side windows, a body and a main engine located underneath, transmission and main propulsors, characterized in that the body has a streamlined surface with an elongated front part and a height less than its width, in the middle part of the body is located on one side cargo hatch, the main movers are caterpillar movers, a rocket engine is located in the rear of the hull behind the body, below which at the bottom of the hull are closer to the caterpillar movers than to the midline of the hull bottom, there are retractable water-jet propulsors, and extendable wings are below the level of the protective side windows , in the front of the hull above the level of the retractable wings there are retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers, below the level of the retractable wings in the middle part of the body are lateral retractable rocket launchers installation, and in the back of the hull - lower retractable machine guns, in the middle of the roof of the hull there is the main part of the anti-aircraft missile-cannon complex, consisting of a platform made with the possibility of rotation around its axis, located in its center of the tower with integrated main radar station, including radar and optoelectronic guidance system, directed energy weapons and the first lifting and swinging mechanism to which the above weapons are connected, placed on it by the first rocket launcher new and second rocket launcher, mounted on the second lifting and swinging mechanism and located on both sides of the tower so that the front or rear side of each installation does not extend beyond the tangent to the tower perpendicular to the specified installation, on top of the front of the housing is an additional radar station, on top of the rear of the hull there are anti-aircraft retractable machine guns, which together with the main part of the anti-aircraft missile and cannon complex constitute zenith the first missile-gun system. 17. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that the main part of the anti-aircraft missile and cannon system is made with the possibility of shelter under the bus body by lowering it and at the same time raising the upper part of the body. 18. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that the rocket engine is made with the possibility of shelter under the body of the bus by pulling it into the body and at the same time extending the rear of the body. 19. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that the frame with a protective glass and loopholes is placed on the cargo hatch. 20. The bus according to clause 16, wherein the retractable rocket launchers, lateral retractable rocket launchers, retractable anti-aircraft and lower machine guns are made with the possibility of shelter in the loopholes. 21. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that on the sides of the hull above the level of the extendable wings, as well as on the front of the hull there are additional loopholes. 22. The bus according to item 21, wherein the loopholes for retractable rocket-propelled grenade launchers, retractable lower machine guns and additional loopholes are equipped with a mechanism for blocking the rotation of the muzzle of the weapons placed in them towards the wings in the case when the latter are extended. 23. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that the first rocket launcher, the second rocket launcher, directional energy weapons and retractable anti-aircraft machine guns are combined by means of a synchronization mechanism, which for these missile launchers allows you to change position due to the second lifting and turning mechanism and / or rotation of the platform, and for weapons of directional energy allows you to change position due to the first lifting and turning mechanism and / or rotation of the tower and / or rotation of the platform, and the mechanism synchronization has:
- the function of blocking the contact of the listed weapons during movement, in particular when aiming at a target,
- the function of blocking the intersection of lines of fire at close range for different weapons and
- the function of installing priority weapons. 24. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that the side missile launchers are equipped with high-speed submarine missiles and are also equipped with a warning system to launch these missiles during close proximity of a target or blocking object. 25. The bus according to clause 16, wherein the protective windshield has a convex shape, and the angle of inclination of the tangent in the middle part of the specified glass is 38-57 degrees. 26. The bus according to claim 19, characterized in that over the protective windshield, the protective side windows and the protective glass located on the cargo hatch, armored plates are integrated into the bus body from the outside, having the ability to close all of the listed windows. 27. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that the panel body is fastened with supporting elements and with each other through rubber joints. 28. The bus according to clause 16, wherein a shutter is located on the lower part of the front side of each jet propulsion device, and each of the jet propulsors is designed so that in working condition the height of its part located above the level of the hull day is at least than the height of its part located below the bottom of the hull, multiplied by 1.5. 29. The bus according to clause 16, wherein the armored casing is made of composite armor with ceramic inclusions. 30. The bus according to clause 16, characterized in that in the upper upper part of the body of the bus is a retractable rudder.

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