RU2575117C2 - Method and apparatus for producing disinfectant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing a disinfectant, which includes converting a freshwater solution of NaCl into an anolyte in the anode chamber of a diaphragm cell and into a catholyte in the cathode chamber; passing streams into the anode and cathode chambers in one direction from the bottom up; obtaining a disinfectant with pH 2.5-5.5 from the NaCl solution entering the anode chamber directly from a mixer for mixing a NaCl concentrate with fresh water; obtaining a disinfectant with pH 5.5-8.5 from the NaCl solution entering the anode chamber after treatment thereof in the cathode chamber; changing the pH of the disinfectant in the ranges 2.5-5.5 and 5.5-8.5 by changing the ratio between the streams in the electrode chambers by changing the value of the catholyte stream into the external medium; removing the disinfectant from the electrolysis cell having the required concentration of active chlorine. The method is characterised by that NaCl solution prepared only from a portion of fresh water used in producing the disinfectant is treated in the electrode chambers; the remaining portion of fresh water is fed first into the inner space of a hollow cathode, and then into the mixer-top of the electrolysis cell, where it is mixed with the anolyte coming from the anode chamber, which enables to obtain a disinfectant with active chlorine concentration of up to 2 g/l and pH in the range of 2.5-8.5. The invention also relates to an apparatus for producing the disinfectant.

EFFECT: use of the present invention reduces consumption of NaCl and electric power, as well as fresh water.

6 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to electrochemical technology for the production of disinfectants using diaphragm electrolysis.

A known method of producing a disinfectant and an electrolyzer for its implementation, described in P201000069 [1], which use part of the fresh water stream to cool the cathode, and to reduce the concentration of active chlorine in the mixer cap of the electrolyzer. The disadvantage of this method is that the flow through the cathode chamber is 0.4% -0.8% of the flow of the disinfectant, which in low-capacity devices, up to 300 l / h, is a flow of less than 2.4 l / h and requires or personnel attention, or the use of pressure pumps. The closest in technical essence to obtain disinfectants are the methods described in RU 2297980 [2] and US 5985110 [3], which are accepted as a prototype. These methods are performed using a cylindrical diaphragm electrolyzer and a NaCl solution as an electrolyte. In the method [2], the fresh water stream is completely mixed with NaCl, after mixing, the stream is divided in the selected ratio between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, where anolyte and catholyte are respectively obtained from the streams. Anolyte serves as a disinfectant, catholyte is often not used. The pH of the disinfectant is regulated in the range of 2.5-5.5, changing the ratio between the flows through the anode and cathode chambers. In the method [3], the fresh water stream is completely mixed with NaCl, after mixing, the stream is completely sent to the cathode chamber, after leaving the cathode chamber and the electrolyzer, part of the catholyte is disposed of, and the rest is sent to the anode chamber. Anolyte comes out of the anode chamber, which serves as a disinfectant. The pH of the disinfectant is regulated in the range of 5.5-8.5, changing the outflow of catholyte and, therefore, the ratio between the flows in the cathode and anode chambers. A common disadvantage of the prototype method and [2], and [3] is that through the anode chamber passes a solution of NaCl with low salinity, up to 8 g / liter, in an amount equal to the amount of disinfectant obtained, resulting in 1 g for production active chlorine consume over 30 watts of electricity and 12 g of NaCl. The desire to reduce mineralization is due to the fact that of the disinfectants with the same concentration of active chlorine and pH, the best, from the point of view of bactericidal activity and lower corrosion, are those with a lower NaCl content. A decrease in the consumption of NaCl per 1 g of active chlorine when using the methods [2] and [3] means a decrease in the mineralization of the anode and cathode flows, an increase in the electrical resistance between the electrodes, a decrease in the electric current, and a lack of electricity to obtain the required amount of active chlorine. Traditionally, these problems are solved by known methods: by increasing the voltage between the electrodes, reducing the distance between the electrodes and using a thinner diaphragm, repeatedly circulating flows through the electrode chambers using external cooling devices, using several electrolytic cells in series to reduce the flow through a separate electrolyzer. More detailed solutions to reduce the consumption of NaCl are described, for example, in RU 2130786 [4], RU 2248940 [5], RU 2350692 [6], WO 2006098660 [7], US 5783052 [8], but all of them significantly complicate electrolyzers, devices and ways.

Devices for implementing the methods [2] and [3] are described, for example, in RU 2079575 and in US 5871623 [10], which are adopted as prototypes of the proposed device. Devices [9] and [10] contain a cylindrical diaphragm electrolyzer with a coaxially arranged anode, cathode and diaphragm, an electric power source, a fresh water supply line, a fresh water / NaCl mixing unit, and an NaCl solution supply line to the electrode chambers in an amount the sum of the amount of disinfectant received and the amount of catholyte disposed, valves for regulating the ratio between the volumes of flows through the anode and cathode chambers, and also in [10] catholyte was discharged after its release the cell before entering the anode chamber. The disadvantage of the device is that each of them is designed to implement only one method: either the method [2], in which the disinfectant is obtained with a pH in the range of 2.5-5.5, or the method [3], in which the disinfectant is obtained with a pH in the range of 5.5-8.5, while the same consumer for different technologies at the same time may require disinfectants based on diaphragm electrolysis of NaCl with different pH values. For example, a pH 3.0-3.5 is recommended for a farmer for pre-sowing grain processing, pH 7.0-8.5 for disinfection of milking machines, pH 2.5-3.5 for silage production, and broiler disinfection of drinking water - pH 6.0-7.5, etc. Thus, in practice, a very wide pH range is in demand. In addition, the design of the electrolytic cells used in the methods [2] and [3], does not make it possible to reduce the consumption of NaCl without the use of external circulation and cooling circuits or without the use of additional electrolytic cells. The disadvantage of the prototype devices is that the implementation of the method is influenced by external factors: a random increase in electric current leads to a change in the quality of the disinfectant and to breakdown of the device, when the device is turned on, a peak increase in electric current is possible and the device is turned off by an automatic fuse, which is not always noted by the operator and the device delivers salt water instead of a disinfectant into the storage tank.

The objective of the invention is to provide a method and device for producing a disinfectant in the pH range from 2.5 to 8.5, with a decrease in consumption of NaCl and electricity per 1 g of produced active chlorine compared to the prototype, with a decrease in fresh water losses in the form of catholyte for discharge to adjust the pH, leaving the geometric dimensions of the electrodes and interelectrode distances the same, increasing the reliability of the method.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the following differences are provided in the method for producing a disinfectant, including processing in a diaphragm cylindrical electrolyzer with an internal tubular cathode of a freshwater NaCl solution. The NaCl solution for processing it in the electrode chambers was prepared only from part of the fresh water, while the other part of the fresh water cools the cathode, passing through its internal hollow volume, and enters into the continuation of the anode chamber in the mixer cap of the electrolyzer, where it is mixed with the anolyte, coming from the anode chamber, forming a disinfectant with the required concentration of active chlorine. A solution of NaCl is sent to the anode chamber in an amount of at least 5 l / h per 1 dm ^{2 of the} anode. A solution of NaCl in an amount of at least 4 l / h is sent to the cathode chamber. To implement the method, a device for producing a disinfectant is used, including a source of fresh water, a container with a concentrated NaCl solution, a unit for mixing NaCl concentrate with fresh water, valves for regulating the flow values in the anode and cathode chambers, a valve for controlling the magnitude of the outflow of catholyte, a constant current source, a cylindrical electrolyzer with a coaxially arranged anode, cathode and diaphragm, the top cover of which has an opening for the exit of the disinfectant and an opening for the exit and catholyte, along with hydrogen, is a converter of electric energy coming from external sources, characterized in that the used electrolyzer has a cathode in the form of an internal tubular electrode equipped with lids with openings for fresh water inlet and outlet at its ends, the upper lid of the electrolyzer has a hole for fresh water in the continuation of the anode chamber, equipped with an injector, located at the same height with the hole for the output of the disinfectant, in addition, the top cover has a second hole for the passage from the cathode chamber, located above the exit for the catholyte flow directed to the entrance to the anode chamber, in addition, characterized in that the entrance to the anode chamber is connected by tubes equipped with valves, and with a mixing unit of NaCl concentrate with fresh water, and with a lower outlet from the continuation of the cathode chamber in the top cover. In addition, the proposed device for producing a disinfectant is characterized in that it includes devices to prevent the rapid growth of power consumption, to prevent peak loads on the electrical network at the time of switching on, to limit the amount of electric current during operation, as well as a thermal switch placed on the anode of the electrolyzer.

The essence of the proposed method lies in the fact that a solution of NaCl is sent to the anode and cathode chambers, the concentration of which is increased by 60-150% compared to prototypes due to the fact that the solution is made from part of the fresh water involved in the process of obtaining the disinfectant. Thus, a smaller amount of NaCl is sent to the chambers, but in the form of a more concentrated solution, up to 20 g / liter, since the NaCl solution is made only from part of the fresh water involved in the preparation of the disinfectant, due to which a more concentrated, more electrically conductive is sent to the electrode chambers NaCl solution, which, due to its smaller volume, flows through the electrode chambers at a lower speed than in the prototype methods. Another part of fresh water is used first to cool the cathode, and then to dilute in it the anolyte, which has a high content of active chlorine obtained in the anode chamber, to the consumer's requirements for a disinfectant, but not more than 2 g of active chlorine per liter. A flow of at least 5 l / h flows per 1 dm ^{2 of the} anode through the anode chamber. A stream of at least 4 l / h flows through the cathode chamber. The pH is adjusted in the range from 2.5 to 8.5, using a change in the flow paths of the NaCl solution and the relationship between the values of the fluxes through the electrode chambers.

The essence of the proposed device for producing a disinfectant is that the device is equipped with an electrolytic cell with an internal tubular cathode, cooled by a stream of fresh water that passes inside the cathode and then is used to obtain a disinfectant in the mixer lid of the same cell. The fresh water inlet to the mixer lid is equipped with an injector. The device has a tube with a valve for supplying part of the fresh water to the entrance to the hollow space of the cathode and a tube for supplying part of the fresh water to the mixer with NaCl. In addition, the device for producing a disinfectant has a hydraulic circuit that ensures the delivery of NaCl solution to the anode inlet of the electrolyzer from various sources: one tube with a valve connects the anode inlet to the fresh water mixing unit with concentrated NaCl solution, the other tube with a valve connects the anode inlet to the bottom exit from the cathode chamber in the top cover of the cell. If the first valve is open, then the second is closed and if the first is closed, then the second is open.

The device for producing a disinfectant is equipped with a thermal switch on the outer surface of the anode, an electric energy converter from external sources, which includes devices to prevent the rapid growth of power consumption, to prevent peak electrical loads at the time of switching on, to limit the amount of electric current.

Between the totality of the essential features of the proposed method for obtaining disinfectants and devices for its implementation and the technical result achieved, there is a causal relationship, namely: when directing a NaCl solution prepared from only part of fresh water used to obtain a disinfectant into the anode chamber, In comparison with the prototype, the anode chamber receives a solution with a NaCl concentration of up to 20 g / liter, i.e. a solution with a higher concentration of NaCl and in a smaller volume. A relatively smaller amount of solution passes through the anode chamber much more slowly, therefore, more electricity is applied to each gram of NaCl, which allows more NaCl molecules to complete electrochemical reactions by obtaining more hypochlorous acid and other active chlorine components from the same amount of NaCl. The anolyte emerging from the anode chamber has a high concentration of active chlorine, which is reduced to the customer’s requirements for the disinfectant even before leaving the cell, which happens in the mixer lid when the anolyte is connected to that part of fresh water that was involved in cooling the cathode. Using a portion of fresh water to cool the cathode allows a small amount of NaCl solution to be passed through the cathode chamber, to obtain concentrated catholyte with a low temperature at the exit from the cathode chamber, and to prevent destruction of the electrolyzer as a result of overheating. If the entire volume of catholyte after leaving the cathode chamber is sent for disposal, then a smaller flow through the cathode chamber reduces water consumption. Water consumption is reduced in comparison with the prototype and during the discharge of catholyte to adjust the pH, because to obtain the same result of adjusting the pH, the volume of catholyte concentrate discharged is less than the catholyte volume. The authors experimentally established that the flow through the cathode chamber from 4 l / h practically does not require the attention of personnel and increases the reliability of the process. The flow through the anode chamber is optimal both from the point of view of the temperature of the NaCl solution in the anode chamber, and from the point of view of rational use of NaCl, starting from 5 l / h per 1 dm ^{2 of the} surface of the anode facing the cathode, which was also determined experimentally.

Using only part of fresh water to dissolve NaCl leads to the fact that a more concentrated, up to 20 g / liter, NaCl solution enters the electrode chambers. The presence in the electrode chambers of a more concentrated NaCl solution reduces the electrical resistance between the electrodes, allows you to get the same current at a lower voltage, saving energy.

The upper exit from the cathode chamber is designed to remove hydrogen from the electrolysis cell to reduce pressure in the mixing unit of fresh water with NaCl concentrate, provides a uniform flow of NaCl into the electrolyzer and stability of the quality of the disinfectant, degasses the flow to the anode inlet and reduces its electrical resistance, and It is also used for the outflow of catholyte during pH adjustment and for the catholyte outflow into the external environment.

Adjustment of the pH of the disinfectant from the range of 2.5-5.5 to the range of 5.5-8.5 and vice versa is done by changing the route of flows. To obtain a disinfectant with a pH in the range of 2.5-5.5, the stream after the mixing unit with NaCl concentrate is sent in parallel to the anode and cathode chambers. The adjustment of pH within this range is carried out by changing the proportions between the values of the flows through the anode and cathode chambers. To obtain a disinfectant with a pH in the range of 5.5-8.5, the stream after the mixing unit with NaCl concentrate is directed first to the cathode chamber, then to degassing to continue the cathode chamber, then from the lower outlet of the cathode chamber through an open valve tube to the anode entrance. Partial adjustment of the pH within this range is made by the outflow of part of the catholyte together with hydrogen through the upper exit from the cathode chamber.

The use of an injector at the fresh water inlet to the mixer lid facilitates the movement of the anolyte flow from the anode chamber to the mixer lid and maintains a stable value of this flow.

The devices included in the electric energy converter to prevent temporary overloading of the primary electric network at the time of supplying the electrolyzer and possible device shutdown due to the operation of an automatic fuse, to limit the amount of electric current, to prevent the rapid increase in power consumption, increase the thermal switch on the anode surface the reliability of the method with changing external factors.

Thus, the proposed method and the proposed device provide a technical result in the form of lower consumption of NaCl, electricity and fresh water, expanding the pH adjustment range in one device in combination with stability, simplicity and affordability.

Experiments to compare indicators for the consumption of electricity, NaCl and fresh water to obtain disinfectants with close pH values and the concentration of active chlorine were performed by the prototype methods and the claimed method.

When comparing the methods, electrolyzers having the same anode, cathode, diaphragm and anode coatings, the same dimensions of the anode, cathode, diaphragm, and interelectrode distance were used. For a capacity of 40 l / h, the area of the anode used was 1.55 dm ² , for a capacity of 120 l / h - 3.48 dm ² . For convenience of commenting, the authors used the working names of the methods:

- prototype method [2] with separate input into the anode and cathode chambers - (A + K);

- the method according to the invention in the pH range 2.5-5.5 - (A + 2K);

- prototype method [3] with a sequential flow of electrolyte through the cathode and anode chambers - (ANK);

- the method according to the invention in the pH range 5.5-8.5 - (AN2K). The results of the experiments show that the proposed method is more economical than the existing methods (A + K) and (ANK). Electricity consumption was reduced by 30-50%, the total consumption of NaCl per 1 g of active chlorine was reduced by 40-50%. The discharge of fresh water in the form of catholyte into the drainage, which is necessary to adjust the pH of the anolyte by approximately the same amount, is reduced by 1.5 times, and the same discharge size gives a great result for adjusting the pH in the proposed method.

The results of the experiments are shown in tables No. 1 and No. 2. The invention allows the manufacture of devices for the production of disinfectants in a wide pH range with a lower consumption of NaCl, fresh water and electricity, compared to analogues, convenient and simple for a wide range of consumers of devices with low productivity, including for agricultural farms and for therapeutic and prophylactic and other social institutions.

Brief description of the drawing.

Figure 1 schematically depicts the inventive device, on which the lines with arrows indicate the flows of liquids involved in the inventive method.

The possibility of carrying out the claimed invention is shown by the following examples. The method provides that fresh water before mixing it with anolyte and before mixing it with concentrated solutions of NaC1 goes along the same path when receiving a disinfectant and with a pH in the range of 2.5-5.5 (A + 2K), and pH in the range of 5.5-8.5 (AN2K).

Stream 1 of fresh water from an external source is divided into two parts: stream 2, which is intended for mixing with the anolyte and for cooling the cathode 3, and stream 4, which is intended for mixing with NaCl.

The stream 2 is regulated in volume by the valve 5 and directed through the hole 6 in the cover 7 of the cathode 3 into the inner hollow cavity 8 of the cathode. Fresh water passes through the inner cavity of the cathode and cools it, after which it passes through the hole 9 in the lid 10 of the cathode 3 through a pipe 11 to 12 of the anode chamber 13 in the lid-mixer 14 through an inlet 15 equipped with an injector 16.

At the same time, stream 4 goes to the mixing unit 17 with concentrated NaCl solution, where the latter enters from tank 18 in an amount controlled by valve 19. If the consumer receives a disinfectant with a pH in the range of 2.5-5.5 (A + 2K) then valve 20 is opened on the tube 21 connecting the input 22 to the outlet 24 from the extension 25 of the cathode chamber 26, and the NaCl solution after the mixing unit 17 enters in parallel through the tube 21 into the anode chamber 13 and through the tube 27 into the cathode chamber 26. The valve 28 on the tube 27 is used to adjust the flow of catholyte in the cathode chamber in an amount at least four liters per hour in order to adjust the pH of the disinfectant in the range of 2.5-5.5. The greater the flow through the cathode chamber with the same flow through the anode chamber, the lower the pH of the disinfectant. The catholyte enters the continuation 25 of the cathode chamber 26 and through the upper outlet 29 with a fully open valve 30, together with hydrogen, goes into the external environment. The NaCl solution, introduced through a tube 21 into the anode chamber 13, is converted by electric energy into an anolyte containing active chlorine in the form of hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ion, chlorine dioxide, etc. at a concentration of about 2 g / liter. The anolyte flows into the continuation of the 12 anode chamber 13 in the lid-mixer 14. The anolyte is connected there with fresh water coming from the hole 15, the concentration of active chlorine is brought to the standards of the disinfectant. The disinfectant through the outlet 31 is brought to the consumer. The injector 16 reduces the hydraulic pressure of the fresh water entering the mixer lid on the movement of the anolyte along the anode chamber and on the movement of other flows connected hydraulically in series with the anode chamber, including, which is especially important for the stability of the process, on the steady supply of NaCl concentrate to the mixer 17 .

If the consumer receives a disinfectant with a pH in the range of 5.5-8.5 (AN2K), then valve 20 is closed and valve 23 is open. Fresh water follows the same path as for production (A + 2K). The NaCl solution through the tube 27 enters the cathode chamber 26. The flow through the tube 27 is set by the control valve 28 in an amount equal to the flow through the anode chamber, i.e. not less than 5 l / h per 1 dm ^{2 of the} anode, increased by the amount of catholyte outflow to adjust the pH of the disinfectant.

In the cathode chamber, under the influence of electric energy, the NaCI solution takes on the form of catholyte with a high NaCl content.

From the cathode chamber 26, the catholyte enters into the continuation of the 25 cathode chamber, from where hydrogen and part of the catholyte are released through the upper outlet 29, which is necessary to adjust the ratio between the values of the flows through the electrode chambers and, therefore, to adjust the pH of the disinfectant in the range 5.5-8, 5. The magnitude of the outflow of catholyte is regulated by valve 30. The greater the outflow of catholyte, the lower the pH. Part of the catholyte through the lower outlet 24 through a pipe 32 with a fully open valve 23 enters through the inlet 22 into the anode chamber 13. Catholyte with a high NaCl content under the influence of electric energy in the anode chamber obtains the properties of anolyte with an active chlorine concentration of about 2 g / liter. The anolyte, which contains hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ion, chlorine dioxide, etc., enters the continuation of the 12 anode chamber 13 in the mixer lid 14. As for the production of (A + 2K), the anolyte is combined with fresh water received there from the hole 15, bring the concentration of active chlorine to a level corresponding to the disinfectant. The disinfectant through the outlet 31 enters the consumer.

To meet the needs of the electrochemical processes of the method and the device’s own needs for electricity, the device includes an external power supply converter 33, equipped with a device to prevent the rapid growth of power consumption, a device to prevent peak loads on electric networks at the time of switching on and a device that limits the amount of electric current in device operating time. This design of the converter 33 increases the reliability of the device, protecting it from possible overloads in the power supply.

Since the general consequence for most accidental deviations from predetermined modes of the method is to increase the temperature of the anolyte and the anode, the device includes a thermal switch 34 mounted on the anode 35, which interrupts the supply of electricity to the electrolyzer until a safe temperature level is restored.

Table 1 Indicators Units ism No. of experiments one 2 3 four A + K A + 2K ±% A + K A + 2K ±% A + K A + 2K ±% A + K A + 2K ±% Des medium amount l / h 40 40 40 40 120 120 120 120 Cathode chamber flow l / h twenty 5 12 four 40 12 twenty four Along the anode chamber l / h 40 10 40 10 120 twenty 120 twenty Inside the cathode l / h - thirty - thirty - one hundred - one hundred General flow l / h 60 45 52 44 160 132 140 124 Active chlorine content mg / l 505 500 510 510 500 500 500 NaCl concentration at the entrance to the anode chamber g / l 4.4 7.3 +66 4.7 8.0 +70 6.3 12.5 +99 7.1 12 +69 Power consumption Tue 41.6 18.0 -57 41.2 17.6 -57 31,0 14.3 -54 31,0 14.3 -54 anolyte pH 2.6 2.7 3,5 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.65 4,5 Catholyte in drainage l / h twenty 5 -75 12 four -66 40 12 -70 twenty four -75 NaCl consumption g / g 13.0 5.5 -58 12.0 5.5 -54 16.9 4.2 -75 16.5 4.0 -76

table 2 Indicators Units ism No. of experiments 5 6 7 8 Ank AN2K ±% Ank AN2K ±% Ank AN2K ±% Ank AN2K ±% Des
Means, quantity l / h 40 40 40 40 120 120 120 120 Cathode chamber flow l / h 40 10 45 fifteen 120 twenty 120 36 Along the anode chamber l / h 40 10 40 10 120 twenty 160 twenty Inside the cathode l / h - thirty - thirty - one hundred - one hundred General flow l / h 40 40 45 45 120 120 160 136 Active Chlorine Content mg / l 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 NaCl concentration at the entrance to the anode chamber g / l 6.7 12,4 +85 6.8 11.1 +63 8.6 21.0 +144 6.8 17,2 +152 Power consumption W / g 37.5 17.6 -53 37.5 18.0 -52 32,5 14.7 -55 34.0 15.3 -55 anolyte pH 8.8 9.0 8.2 7.7 8.4 8.8 6.9 6.1 Catholyte in drainage l / h - - 5 5 - - 40 16 -80 NaCl consumption g / g 13.3 6.2 -53 15,2 8.3 -45 17,2 7.0 -59 18.1 10.3 -43

Claims (6)

1. A method of producing a disinfectant, including converting a freshwater NaCl solution into anolyte in the anode chamber of a diaphragm electrolyzer and into catholyte in a cathode chamber, flowing in the anode and cathode chambers in one direction from the bottom up, obtaining a disinfectant with a pH of 2.5-5, 5 from a NaCl solution that entered the anode chamber directly from a mixer of NaCl concentrate with fresh water, obtaining a disinfectant with a pH of 5.5-8.5 from a NaCl solution that entered the anode chamber after processing it in the cathode chamber, a change in the pH of the disinfectant in the ranges of 2.5-5.5 and 5.5-8.5 by changing the ratio between the magnitudes of the fluxes in the electrode chambers due to a change in the catholyte flux into the environment, removal of the disinfectant from the electrolyzer with the required concentration of active chlorine, characterized in that a NaCl solution is prepared in the electrode chambers, prepared from only part of the fresh water involved in the preparation of the disinfectant, the remaining part of the fresh water is sent first to the inner space into the hollow cathode, then it is sent to the electrolyzer mixer cap, where it is mixed with the anolyte coming from the anode chamber, as a result, a disinfectant is obtained with an active chlorine concentration of up to 2 g / liter and with a pH value set in the range from 2.5 to 8.5. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the NaCl solution passes through the anode chamber in an amount of at least 5 l / h per 1 dm ^{2 of the} surface of the anode facing the cathode. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a solution of NaCl in an amount of at least 4 l / h passes through the cathode chamber. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a solution with a NaCl concentration of up to 20 g / liter flows through the anode chamber. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that hydrogen is removed from the cathode chamber until the catholyte is directed into the anode chamber. 6. A device for producing a disinfectant containing a cylindrical diaphragm electrolytic cell with coaxially arranged electrodes, of which the inner tubular hollow electrode, closed on both sides with lids with openings for fresh water inlet and outlet, serves as a cathode, and the outer one serves as an anode, with a mixer lid with four holes: for fresh water inlet, for disinfectant outlet, for hydrogen and catholyte exit, for exit of NaCl solution in the form of catholyte;
mixing unit of NaCl concentrate with fresh water,
a tube for supplying fresh water to the mixing unit,
container for NaCl concentrate,
a valve for controlling the supply of NaCl concentrate for mixing with fresh water, a tube with a control valve for supplying a NaCl solution to the entrance to the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer,
an electric energy converter, the positive and negative poles of which are connected respectively to the anode and cathode,
characterized in that the said device has a tube with a control valve for supplying fresh water to the entrance to the hollow space of the cathode, a tube for supplying fresh water from the exit from the hollow space of the cathode to the entrance equipped with an injector to extend the anode chamber in the mixer cap of the electrolyzer, two tubes, each of which is equipped with a valve connecting the entrance to the anode chamber with a fresh water mixer with NaCl concentrate and with the lower exit from the cathode chamber, in addition, the electrolyzer is equipped with a thermal switch, placed on the outer surface of the anode, and the electric energy converter includes a device for protecting electrical networks from overloads when the device is turned on, a device for slowing down the supply of electric power to the device, a device for limiting the used electric current to a predetermined value.