RU2560969C2 - Borehole ejector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to jet pumps and can be used in oil-producing units. The ejector installed in the tubing string fitted with the packer with a possibility of its removal from a well contains the housing with radial holes, axial to the housing the nozzle, the suction chamber, the mixing chamber with diffuser, the check valve interacting with a seat, the flow distributor comprising axial, peripheral and radial channels, the sliding assembly containing a sliding grip, the thrust bushing fitted with the filter, and the adapter connected with a head for gripping of the ejector with a mounting tool where channels and boring are made. The tube is in addition built-in into the tubing string, and the thrust ring is fixed on the thrust bushing with shear pins.

EFFECT: improvement of reliability of sitting and efficiency of ejector operation.

7 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to jet pumps, and can be used in oil installations.

Known descent into the column of elevator pipes jet apparatus with an active nozzle, a mixing chamber, a diffuser and a housing. The column of elevator pipes is equipped with another housing with made step-boring bores and a saddle. Between the upper bore and the saddle are made radial openings for supplying an active medium. The housing is made in the form of a stepped sleeve with external annular protrusions, in the bores of which are located the main nozzle with passive medium supply channels, a mixing chamber with a nozzle in the form of an annular active medium supply channel, and a diffuser. Annular nozzle clearances are in communication with the active medium supply chamber, which is in communication with the active medium supply through radial openings. The inkjet apparatus assembly is made with a connector and installed in the housing of the column of elevator pipes with the possibility of installing and removing it on the cable and is supported by at least one of the outer annular protrusions of the housing of the jet apparatus on the support seat of the housing of the column of elevator pipes. (Patent RU No. 2171920 C1. Well pumping unit. - IPC: F04F 5/14. - 08/10/2001).

Known borehole ejector, including a stationary housing with holes made in it, a nozzle, a flow distributor made with peripheral axial channels and consisting of a nozzle connected to the central channel, a working insert consisting of a pocket with a mixed flow cavity, a diffuser, a mixing chamber, a receiving a chamber, a pipe connecting the mixing chamber and the receiving chamber with the flow distributor, a removable insert installed in the upper part of the stationary housing inside the mixed flow cavity and consisting from the housing with sealing cuffs, made with grooves and an internal hole for the possibility of movement of the piston connected to the rod with the gripping head, with a spring located on the rod. The stationary housing is detachable, in the lower part of which there is a flow distributor connected to a thrust sleeve made with an injection flow channel and equipped with a filter. (Patent RU No. 137994 U1. Stationary borehole jet pump. - IPC: F04F 5/00. - 02.27.2014).

The closest analogue adopted for the prototype is a borehole ejector, including a housing with holes made in the tubing string above the packer, openings with the possibility of extraction from the well, in which the nozzle holder and flow distributor are mounted, made with peripheral axial channels supply passive flow, the central and radial channels of removal of the mixed flow. In the central channel of the flow distributor there is a diffuser and a mixing chamber connected by thread to the lower part of the nozzle holder, in which an active nozzle is mounted, which is rigidly fixed by a clamping nut, a receiving chamber with bypass windows for passive flow inlet, formed between the active nozzle and the mixing chamber, a head for capture tool, containing radial channels for entering the active stream and an internal groove for accommodating the nozzle holder, as well as a sliding unit, connected to the bottom of the flow distributor and including a thrust sleeve and flow regulator in which radial holes are made, and a check valve located in the internal groove of the flow regulator, the latter is connected to the base, in which openings are made for the input of production from the well and a threaded socket for connection deep instruments. (Patent RU No. 88750 U1. Recoverable downhole jet pump. - IPC: F04F 5/14. - 11/20/2009). This technical solution is taken as a prototype.

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is that they are designed to inject energetic gas or high pressure fluid into the annulus of the well in order to select the formation mixture (fluid) and the absence of fixation of the jet pump in the tubing string, which complicates the operation of oil producing wells.

The main task to be solved by the claimed invention is directed, is to provide a secure landing and fixation of a downhole ejector, lowered inside the tubing string, and to improve the extraction of formation fluid (fluid) from the wells.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of landing a well ejector, lowered into the well inside the tubing string, and the efficiency of oil production wells.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a well-known borehole ejector installed in a tubing string equipped with a packer, with the possibility of removing it from a borehole containing a housing with radial holes, an axial nozzle body, a receiving chamber, a mixing chamber with a diffuser, a check valve interacting with the saddle, a flow distributor including axial, peripheral and radial channels, a sliding unit, a thrust sleeve and an adapter connected to the head for gripping the ejector mount According to the proposed technical solution, the axial channel in the flow distributor is made in the form of a blind hole communicating with the radial channels of the flow distributor; in the latter, by means of annular cuffs, a seat for the non-return valve with an abutment against the inner end of the bore is installed, made from the side of the lower end of the flow distributor, while in the saddle there is an axial blind hole and radial channels with a groove communicating with through channels, additionally made in the wall of the flow distributor, the latter is connected from below to a thrust sleeve, which is equipped with a filter and is installed in the tubing string by means of an annular collar and a sliding assembly containing a sliding collet, under which a threaded groove is made to a depth of at least equal to the height of the cams of the collet movably mounted on the thrust sleeve, with emphasis on the ledge of the inner surface of the tube, additionally mounted in the column pump pipes, and a thrust ring mounted on the thrust sleeve with shear pins, limiting the axial displacement of the collet, and radial channels and a bore are made in the wall of the tube, the latter forms an annular cavity communicating with additional radial channels of the flow distributor, while the axial channel of the thrust sleeve communicates with peripheral channels of the flow distributor, the latter is connected from above to the housing by means of a sleeve and installed in the tube by means of ring cuffs, forming an annular channel between themselves l of communication between the radial holes in the housing and the channels in the flow distributor, while a nozzle is installed at the bottom of the housing, forming a communication chamber between the peripheral channels and the nozzle with the flow distributor, and the opposite end of the housing is connected to the adapter, inside of which there is a diffuser mounted in the head bore and communicating with its inclined channels, and a mixing chamber, the latter at the level of radial holes in the wall of the housing together with the nozzle forms a receiving chamber;

the diameter of the seat of the thrust sleeve between the ledges on the inner surface of the tube, at least not less than the diameter of the expanding collet;

the sliding unit is made in the form of a expanding collet movably mounted on the thrust sleeve with a groove to a depth of at least equal to the height of the cams, axially bounded by a thrust ring with a diameter at least not larger than the diameter of the seat of the ejector thrust sleeve between the steps on inner surface of the tube and shear pins fixed to the thrust sleeve;

ledges on the inner surface of the tube are made with an inclination with the possibility of compression of the cams of the expanding collet during landing and removal of the ejector;

an external guide cone is made on the filter, for the passage of which through the tube in the latter, an internal catching cone is made from the side of the upper end;

radial channels in the wall of the tube are made in the form of longitudinal slits along the length of the bore;

the diffuser is prefabricated, the upper part of which is connected to the head for the mounting tool, and the lower part is made in conjunction with the mixing chamber, moreover, stepwise from the outside, with emphasis on the ledge of the inner surface of the housing.

The analysis of the prior art cited by the applicant made it possible to establish that there are no analogs characterized by sets of features identical to all the features of the claimed downhole ejector. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "novelty."

The search results for known solutions in the art in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the features of the claimed technical solution have shown that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. From the prior art determined by the applicant, the influence of the transformations provided for by the essential features of the claimed technical solution on the achievement of the specified technical result is not revealed. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

The claimed technical solution can be implemented at any engineering company from well-known materials using the accepted technology and successfully used in oil wells. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".

In FIG. 1 shows a sectional perspective view of a downhole ejector; in FIG. 2 - tube under the borehole ejector mounted in the tubing string; in FIG. 3 - borehole ejector in working position.

The downhole ejector comprises interconnected housing 1, a flow distributor 2, a thrust sleeve 3 equipped with a filter 4, and a head 5 for gripping the ejector with a mounting tool (not shown conventionally), connected to the housing 1 via an adapter 6. An axial step hole is made in the housing 1 in which a nozzle 7 is installed at the level of the lower end, and a diffuser 8 and a mixing chamber 9 are made from the opposite end, made with a stepped outer surface, which, with emphasis on the ledges of the surfaces together with the nozzle 7 at the level p adial holes 10 made in the wall of the housing 1, form a receiving chamber 11. The diffuser 8 is connected to the bore of the head 5, in which the inclined channels 12 are made, communicating with the output of the diffuser 8. The axial channel 13, the peripheral channels 14 and the radial are made in the flow distributor 2 channels 15 and 16. Between the lower end of the housing 1 and the flow distributor 2, a chamber 17 is formed that communicates peripheral channels 14 with the nozzle 7. The axial channel 13 is made in the form of a blind hole communicating with the radial channels 15 and 16 of the flow distributor 2, in the latter by means of annular cuff 18 installed saddle 19 that interacts with a check valve 20, with emphasis in the collar bore face formed in the flow distributor 2 on the side of the lower end. The saddle 19 is made in the form of a blind hole with radial channels with a groove at the level of the radial channels 16 of the flow distributor 2. The flow distributor 2 is connected to the thrust sleeve 3, in the latter there is an axial channel 21 with an expanding cone, communicating with the peripheral channels 14 of the flow distributor 2, s on the one hand, and, on the other hand, with a filter 4. Outside of the housing 1 and the flow distributor 2, a sleeve 23 is installed using annular cuffs 22, which forms, with grooves on the housing 1 and the flow distributor 2, an annular channel 24 between the radial holes 10 in the housing 1 and the radial channels 15 in the flow distributor 2. On the thrust sleeve 3 is movably installed expandable collet 25 of the sliding unit, under which a groove 26 is made to a depth at least equal to the height of the cams of the collet 25, limited in axial direction of the thrust ring 27, mounted on the thrust sleeve 3 with shear pins 28 (Fig. 1). To install the borehole ejector with the possibility of removing it from the borehole, a tube 31 is mounted in the tubing string 29 below the packer (not shown conventionally) by means of a pipe coupling 30, the latter has internal ledges 32 for stopping the ejector when landing in the tube 31 and a conical ledge 33 to engage it with the expanding collet 25 in the string of tubing 29, and for tightness of the landing of the borehole ejector in the tube 31, the housing 1 is equipped with an annular collar 34 and the thrust sleeve 3 - an annular collar 35 (Fig. 2). A guide cone is made in the tube 31 from the end side, and the wall has radial slots 36 and a bore 37, the latter forms an annular cavity 38 with the sleeve 23 and the flow distributor 2, communicating the radial channels 16 of the flow distributor with the annular cavity through the radial slots 36. (Fig. . 3).

Downhole ejector works as follows.

A string of tubing 29 is lowered into the well, equipped with a tube 31 mounted by means of a pipe coupling 30 below the packer, the latter being fixed in the well. Using a mounting tool, the borehole ejector is hooked onto the head 5 and lowered along the string of tubing 29 all the way to the stop of the thrust sleeve 3 into the ledge 32 of the tube 31. The borehole shutter is hermetically installed in the tube 31 by means of ring cuffs 34 and 35 located on the housing 1 and thrust sleeve 3. When the borehole ejector is inserted into the tube 31, the cams of the expandable collet 25 of the sliding unit are compressed under the action of the inner cylindrical surface between the ledges 32 and 33, and behind the ledge 33, the cams of the collet 25 move apart and engage for ledge 33 of tube 31. By reverse movement of the borehole ejector, the thrust sleeve 3 fixes the outer surface of the cams of the collet 25 in an unpressed state with an axial stop by a thrust ring 27 fixed to the thrust sleeve 3 by shear pins 28.

A borehole fluid is supplied under pressure by a centrifugal pump to the tubing string 29 through the filter 4, the axial channel 21 and the expanding cone of the thrust sleeve 3 into the peripheral channels 14 of the flow distributor 2, of which the active fluid flow through the chamber 17 enters the nozzle 7, from the latter the fluid is directed by a stream into the mixing chamber 9, creating a vacuum in the receiving chamber 11. At the same time, a passive flow of gas or liquid from the annular cavity of the well rushes into the receiving chamber 11 through longitudinal slots 36, annular cavity 38, radial channels 16 of the flow distributor 2, seat 19 with a non-return valve 20, radial channels 15, annular channel 24 and radial holes 10. Gas or liquid coming from radial holes 10 into the receiving chamber 11, is carried away by a stream of liquid from the nozzle 7 into a mixing chamber 9, from which the downhole gas-liquid mixture under pressure enters the diffuser 8 and then through the inclined channels 12 of the head 5 rises along the string of tubing 29 at the wellhead.

The borehole ejector is removed from the tubing string 29 by capturing the head 5 with an installation tool, followed by axial movement of the borehole ejector by the head 5 upward with a force exceeding the shearing force of the shear pins 28. As a result of shearing the pins 28, the thrust ring 27 is shifted by the collet 25 cams down along thrust sleeve 3 all the way to the end of the filter 4, while the cams of the collet 25 of the sliding unit are pressed against the groove of the thrust sleeve 3 under the influence of the stop 33 and the borehole ejector is freely removed from the well s.

The use of the proposed borehole ejector in the oil industry can significantly increase the efficiency of well operation in accordance with the requirements of the Rules for the Protection of Subsurface Resources approved by the Decree of the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation No. 71 dated June 06, 2003.

Claims (7)

1. A downhole ejector installed in a tubing string equipped with a packer, with the possibility of removing it from the well, comprising a housing with radial holes, an axial housing nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixing chamber with a diffuser, a check valve that interacts with the seat, a flow distributor including axial, peripheral and radial channels, a sliding unit, a thrust sleeve and an adapter connected to the head for gripping the ejector with an installation tool in which the channels and the bore are made, excellent in that the axial channel in the flow distributor is made in the form of a blind hole communicating with the radial channels of the flow distributor, in the latter, by means of annular cuffs, a seat for the non-return valve is installed with an emphasis on the flange on the inner end of the bore, made from the side of the lower end of the flow distributor, an axial blind hole and radial channels with a groove are made in the saddle, communicating with radial channels additionally made in the wall of the flow distributor, the latter it is connected to the bottom of the thrust sleeve, which is equipped with a filter and is installed in the tubing string by means of an annular collar and a sliding assembly containing a sliding collet, under which a groove is made on the thrust sleeve to a depth of at least equal to the height of the cams of the collet movably mounted on thrust sleeve, with emphasis on the ledge of the inner surface of the tube, additionally mounted in the tubing string, and a thrust ring fixed to the thrust sleeve with shear pins, limiting axial displacement of the collet, and in the wall of the tube there are radial channels and a bore, the latter forms an annular cavity communicating with additional radial channels of the flow distributor, while the axial channel of the thrust sleeve communicates with the peripheral channels of the flow distributor, the latter is connected to the housing from above by means of a sleeve and is installed with them in the tube by means of annular cuffs, forming between themselves an annular communication channel between the radial holes in the housing and the channels in the distributor along currents, while a nozzle is installed at the bottom of the housing, forming a communication chamber between the peripheral channels and the nozzle with the flow distributor, and the opposite end of the housing is connected to an adapter, inside of which there is a diffuser mounted in the head bore and communicating with its inclined channels, and a mixing chamber, the latter at the level of the radial holes in the wall of the housing together with the nozzle forms a receiving chamber. 2. A downhole ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the seat of the thrust sleeve between the steps on the inner surface of the tube is at least not less than the diameter of the expanding collet. 3. The downhole ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding unit is made in the form of an expandable collet movably mounted on a thrust sleeve with a groove to a depth of at least equal to the height of the cams, axially bounded by a thrust ring with a diameter of at least not more than the diameter of the seat of the thrust sleeve of the ejector between the steps on the inner surface of the tube and shear pins fixed to the thrust sleeve. 4. The downhole ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the ledges on the inner surface of the tube are made with a slope with the ability to compress the cams of the expanding collet during landing and removal of the ejector. 5. The borehole ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter has an external guide cone, for the passage of which through the tube in the last from the side of the upper end made an internal catching cone. 6. The downhole ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial channels in the wall of the tube are made in the form of longitudinal slots along the length of the bore. 7. The downhole ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the diffuser is prefabricated, the upper part of which is connected to the head for the mounting tool, and the lower part is made in conjunction with the mixing chamber, moreover, it is stepped from the outside with emphasis on the ledge of the inner surface of the housing.

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