RU2552468C1 - Method of producing road bitumen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method includes oxidising bitumen raw material with relative viscosity $$R{V}_5^{80}=60÷100c$$

to obtain a well-oxidised product with a melting point in the range of 80-110°C, followed by blending thereof with straight-run tar $$R{V}_5^{80}\ge 60c$$

in concentration of 45-60 wt % to obtain the desired road bitumen with elasticity of not less than 35%.

EFFECT: improved longevity.

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Description

The invention relates to a method for producing oil bitumen road with increased elasticity and can be used in the road, construction and oil refining industries.

It should be noted that a distinctive feature of oil road bitumen with increased durability is their high level of elasticity (above 30%), i.e. the ability to manifest reversible deformations after removing the applied stresses from them, which helps to increase the service life of asphalt concrete pavements (article "On the durability and elasticity of road bitumen materials," World of Petroleum Products. Bulletin of Petroleum Companies, 2013, No. 9, pp. 35-37 " ) At the same time, these petroleum road bitumen must meet all the requirements of GOST 22245-90 “Viscous petroleum bitumen” and the national prestandard PNST “Public automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions. "

A known method of producing road bitumen, in which the oxidation of a heavy tar with a conditional viscosity (at 80 ° C) of 60 to 200 s is carried out to produce building bitumen with a softening temperature of at least 90 ° C and the subsequent compounding of the obtained oxidized product with a feedstock - heavy tar - with the receipt of road bitumen (US Pat. RF №2258730, 2005).

The disadvantages of the method are:

1. The proposal of the authors to introduce a diluent into the building bitumen, namely the oil fraction boiling within 450-480 ° C in an amount of 5-15% wt. on the mixture does not allow to achieve the goal: increasing the elasticity and frost resistance of the final product. This is due to the fact that this diluent does not increase the solubility of the dispersion medium of the target product, i.e. does not change its dispersion and, therefore, does not affect the elasticity and frost resistance of the material.

2. Limiting the softening temperature of compounded building bitumen to 90 ° C also reduces the frost resistance of the final product.

3. The use of straight-run tar in the claimed concentrations of more than 50% wt. requires the use of building bitumen with softening temperatures of more than 110 ° C, which is a technologically, environmentally and economically inefficient process. In addition, when the tar content in mixtures with building bitumen is more than 50% wt. the obtained compounds do not meet the requirements of GOST 22245-90 on the values of the change in softening temperature according to the KiS method after heating.

The closest is a method of producing bitumen, according to which fuel oil is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a weighted tar. Weighted tar is mixed with modifying additives and the prepared tar (optimized fractional and group chemical compositions) is oxidized to produce an oxidized product. Then the latter is mixed with a heavy tar and get the target product. As modifying additives, concentrates of polycyclic aromatic compounds are used, which are intermediate products of oil refining. The oxidation of the prepared tar is carried out at a temperature of 240 ÷ 270 ° C. (Pat. RF №2235109, 2004).

The disadvantage of the described method is the length of the process for obtaining the prepared tar due to the insufficiently high compounding temperature (120 ° C), as well as the use of only polycyclic aromatic concentrates as modifying additives, which cannot ensure its optimal fractional composition, i.e. a high concentration of paraffin-naphthenic components, and, therefore, the necessary low-temperature properties of the final product.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for producing bitumen of oil road grades BND-E 70/100, BND-E 100/130, meeting the requirements of GOST 22245-90 “Viscous petroleum bitumen” and the requirements of PNST “General automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions ”, simultaneously having a degree of elasticity of at least 35%, i.e. with increased durability.

в диапазоне концентраций 45-60% мас. на смесь с получением целевого битума требуемого качества.The problem is solved by the proposed method for producing road oil bitumen by oxidizing bitumen raw materials with a nominal viscosity of 60 ÷ 100 s to obtain a deeply oxidized tar with a softening temperature in the range of 80 ÷ 110 ° C, followed by compounding a deeply oxidized product with straight-run tar

in the concentration range of 45-60% wt. to the mixture to obtain the target bitumen of the required quality.

In the proposed method, the following raw materials are used.

Tar is the traditional residue of the vacuum distillation of heavy fuel oil mixtures, boiling off at temperatures above 470 ° C. It has the following characteristics: softening temperature according to КИШ - not less than 35 ° C, relative viscosity at 80 ° C - not less than 60 s, sulfur content - within 2.0 ÷ 3.0% wt., Absolute density at 20 ° C - 980 ÷ 1020 kg / m ³ .

Bituminous feedstock with a nominal viscosity of 60 ÷ 100 s, which is used as a mixture of tar and fuel oil, straight-run and secondary gas oils, bottoms from visbreaking, deasphalting, pyrolysis, etc. As an example, bitumen OAO Gazpromneft-Omsk Oil Refinery was used with a conditional viscosity 60 ÷ 100 s, obtained by compounding straight-run tar with a “darkened” vacuum fraction (5th vacuum shoulder strap) of the VT installation.

The proposed method is as follows. First, the method of compounding at temperatures of 160 ÷ 180 ° C receive bitumen raw materials, which are then sent to the oxidation stage. Technologically, this process is carried out in heated tanks at 160 ÷ 180 ° C by pumping the components with metering pumps into the raw material tank for mixing and then constant 3 ÷ 6-fold daily circulation of the obtained compound.

The obtained homogeneous bitumen raw material is subjected to oxidation under standard conditions of industrial process plants for the oxidation of tar into bitumen to produce a highly oxidized product with a softening temperature in the range of 80–110 ° C (at a column temperature of 250–270 ° C for 5–10 hours and air consumption up to 120 nm ³ / t of raw material).

, II компонент) в соотношениях 45÷60 (I компонент) = 55÷40% мас. (II компонент) с получением целевого продукта требуемого качества. Причем на первом этапе компаундирования путем варьирования концентраций компонентов необходимо добиться удовлетворения всех нормативных требований стандартов, а на втором этапе тем же подбором концентраций - обеспечить необходимую степень эластичности продукта.The deeply oxidized product (component I) is mixed with straight-run tar (

, II component) in the ratios 45 ÷ 60 (I component) = 55 ÷ 40% wt. (II component) to obtain the target product of the required quality. Moreover, at the first stage of compounding by varying the concentrations of the components, it is necessary to satisfy all the regulatory requirements of the standards, and at the second stage with the same selection of concentrations, it is necessary to ensure the necessary degree of elasticity of the product.

Technologically, after the required component composition has been established in laboratory conditions, the process of producing marketable bitumen is carried out by mixing a deeply oxidized product with straight-run tar in heated storage tanks at 160 ÷ 180 ° C by pumping them with metering pumps and then continuing 3 + 6-fold daily circulation of the product.

Below are examples of a specific implementation of the method for producing oil road bitumen, which allows to obtain oil road bitumen with increased durability and elasticity of at least 35% of BND-E 70/100 and BND-E 100/130 grades that meet the requirements of GOST 22245-90 “Bitumen viscous oil roads ”and the requirements of PNST“ General automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions. "

Example 1

) подвергают окислению с получением глубокоокисленного продукта с температурой размягчения 80°C. Процесс окисления проводят в соответствии с Технологическим регламентом по эксплуатации битумной установки при температуре 250°C в течение 7 часов и расходе воздуха до 120 нм³/т сырья. Глубокоокисленный продукт битумной установки смешивают с прямогонным гудроном (с

) в соотношении 60:40% мас., соответственно, с получением целевого продукта. Установленное соотношение компонентов указанного качества позволило достичь и необходимой степени эластичности.The homogeneous bituminous raw material obtained at 160 ° C by the method of compounding tar with a 5th vacuum overhead (gas oil)

) subjected to oxidation to obtain a deeply oxidized product with a softening temperature of 80 ° C. The oxidation process is carried out in accordance with the technological regulations for the operation of a bitumen plant at a temperature of 250 ° C for 7 hours and an air flow rate of up to 120 nm ³ / t of raw material. The deeply oxidized product of the bitumen plant is mixed with straight-run tar (with

) in a ratio of 60: 40% wt., respectively, to obtain the target product. The established ratio of components of the specified quality made it possible to achieve the necessary degree of elasticity.

The table shows the quality indicators of the obtained bitumen (binder) oil road (sample No. 1), from which it follows that it fully complies with the standards for bitumen oil road grade BND 60/90 according to GOST 22245-90 and bitumen oil road grade BND 70/100 according to PNST “Public automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions. "

According to the data in the table, the obtained bitumen (sample No. 1) has high elasticity (41%), which remains even after accelerated aging according to PNST methods (26%) and GOST methods (39%), which indicates its durability .

Example 2

) подвергают окислению с получением глубокоокисленного продукта с температурой размягчения 84°C. Процесс окисления проводят в соответствии с Технологическим регламентом битумной установки при температуре 260°C в течение 8 часов и расходе воздуха - до 120 нм³/т сырья. Глубокоокисленный продукт битумной установки смешивают с прямогонным гудроном (с

) в соотношении 55:45% мас. соответственно с получением целевого продукта. Отметим, что лабораторный подбор качества и количества компонентов смешения (особенно повышение глубины окисления окисленного компонента) потребовал увеличения концентрации прямогонного компонента для обеспечения необходимой эластичности смеси.The homogeneous raw material obtained by compounding at 160 ° C a tar with vacuum straight-run gas oil (with

) is subjected to oxidation to obtain a deeply oxidized product with a softening temperature of 84 ° C. The oxidation process is carried out in accordance with the technological regulations of the bitumen plant at a temperature of 260 ° C for 8 hours and an air flow rate of up to 120 nm ³ / t of raw material. The deeply oxidized product of the bitumen plant is mixed with straight-run tar (with

) in a ratio of 55: 45% wt. respectively, to obtain the target product. Note that laboratory selection of the quality and quantity of mixing components (especially increasing the oxidation depth of the oxidized component) required an increase in the concentration of the straight-run component to ensure the necessary elasticity of the mixture.

The table shows the quality indicators of the obtained oil road bitumen (sample No. 2), from which it follows that it fully complies with the standards for oil bitumen BND 90/130 in accordance with GOST 22245-90 and oil bitumen BND 70/100 according to PNST “Public automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions. "

According to the data in the table, the obtained bitumen (sample No. 2) has high elasticity (43%), which remains even after accelerated aging according to PNST methods (28%) and GOST methods (36%), which indicates its longevity.

Example 3

) в соотношении 45:55% мас. соответственно с получением целевого продукта, также обладающего высокой эластичностью (55%). Проведенный лабораторный подбор компонентов позволил повысить концентрацию прямогонного компонента (за счет значительной температуры размягчения окисленного компонента смешения) и добиться такой существенной эластичности битума.The obtained homogeneous bituminous raw material is subjected to oxidation to obtain a deeply oxidized product with a softening temperature of 110 ° C. The oxidation process is carried out in accordance with the technological regulations for the operation of the bitumen plant at a temperature of 270 ° C for 10 hours and an air flow rate of up to 120 nm ³ / t of raw material. The deeply oxidized product of the bitumen plant is mixed with straight-run tar (with

) in a ratio of 45: 55% wt. accordingly, to obtain the target product, also with high elasticity (55%). The laboratory selection of components made it possible to increase the concentration of the straight-run component (due to the significant softening temperature of the oxidized mixing component) and to achieve such a significant elasticity of bitumen.

The table shows the quality indicators of the obtained oil road bitumen (sample No. 3), from which it follows that it fully complies with the standards for bitumen oil road grade BND 90/130 according to GOST 22245-90 and oil bitumen oil grade BND 100/130 according to PNST “Public automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions. "

Similar results were obtained when mixtures of tar with fuel oil, with heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking and with a visbreaking residue with a nominal viscosity of 60,000 s were used as bituminous raw materials.

Thus, the developed method for producing oil road bitumen makes it possible to obtain oil road bitumen of the BND-E 70/100 and BND-E 100/130 grades that meet the requirements of GOST 22245-90 “Viscous petroleum bitumen” and PNST “General automobile roads. Viscous petroleum bitumen. Technical conditions ”having a degree of elasticity of at least 35% and high low-temperature properties, i.e. with increased durability.

Claims (1)

The method of obtaining oil bitumen road by oxidation of bituminous raw materials with conditional viscosity

to obtain a deeply oxidized product with a softening temperature in the range of 80 ÷ 110 ° C, which is then combined with straight-run tar

at a concentration of 45-60 wt.% to obtain the target bitumen.