RU2550993C2 - Wind engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wind power engineering and may be used to produce mechanical and electric energy. The wind engine with a vertical axis of rotation comprises a wind turbine. The wind turbine comprises at least one section. S-shaped blades are installed in the section. The section is equipped with a frame in the form of a polygonal prism with rotary wind-guiding screens. Wind-guiding screens are installed on each side of the polygonal prism as capable of provision of smooth air overflow from them to the S-shaped blades of the wind turbine. The wind engine is made in the form of a tower. Wind-guiding screens are made as rotary with the rotation angle from 0 to 90° being capable of serving as the louvres and closing each side of the frame. At the corners the wind-guiding screens are equipped with locks. In the lower part of the tower there is a turbine room and an operator room.

EFFECT: technical result consists in increased strength of design, higher capacity of a wind engine and lower noise.

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Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to wind energy, in particular to a wind turbine, and can be used to produce mechanical and electrical energy.

State of the art

Known wind turbine containing a drum wind turbine with blades evenly spaced around its circumference, parallel to the axis of rotation of the wind turbine and curved in the direction of rotation, and an annular guide apparatus mounted coaxially outside the wind turbine and having evenly spaced baffles installed with the formation of channels and deviated from the radius of the wind turbine in the direction opposite to its rotation, while, in order to increase the efficiency of using wind energy in a wide range In order to change the speed and direction of the wind, each of the partitions is made in the form of a fixed part located on the side of the blades of the wind wheel, and a rotary part connected by an axial hinge, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the wind wheel, while the rotary part has a width overlapping in the extreme position of the part channel.

In a wind turbine, the rotary parts of the partitions are kinematically connected to each other for synchronous rotation.

In a wind turbine, the guiding apparatus is equipped with stops according to the number of partitions located outside the apparatus and interacting with rotary parts, one of which is spring loaded.

In the wind turbine, the spring-loaded rotary part is equipped with a spring force regulator (see AS SU No. 1721285, class F03D 3/04, published March 23, 1992).

The disadvantage of this engine is its low reliability and efficiency.

Known wind turbine containing a rotating wind turbine with a vertical axis located inside the system of wind guiding screens, while freely rotating around its vertical axis, the wind guide screen is directly oriented to the blade of the wind turbine, and the extreme positions of the screen determine the size of the blade of the wind turbine, which is installed by the longitudinal axis of rotation of the wind guide screen and touching the circumference , which is formed by the outermost point of the blade of a wind turbine.

In a wind turbine, the system of wind-guiding screens is equipped with movable and fixed stoppers that allow you to adjust the size of the sector of free rotation of the wind-guiding screens (see US Pat. RU No. 2074980, class F03H 3/04, publ. 10.03.1997).

The disadvantage of this wind turbine is the design complexity, low power at low speeds of the wind flow.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and adopted by the author for the prototype is a vortex wind power installation containing at least one module kinematically connected with an electric generator, on a vertical shaft of which a disk-shaped rotor is mounted having vertical curly blades, covered by a guiding apparatus formed by a horizontal a flat disk-shaped base with vertical blades mounted concentrically around the circumference in the vertical cross-sections of which correspond to the aerodynamic cross-sections of the wings of aircraft, while the module is equipped with support racks that are interlocked in pairs and frame-forming, adjacent of which are kinematically connected to each other by means of length-adjustable screeds, the guiding apparatus is a mechanism for changing the angle of attack of the blades, the rotor is auxiliary vertical curved blades and fixed on the surface of the rotor at the front and rear edges curved in plan slat and closed lkom, the vertical rotor shaft is made flexible, each blade is composed of convex front and rear movable sections, the last of which is kinematically connected with a mechanism for changing the angle of attack of the blades, each main and auxiliary blades are made up of central rectilinear and conjugate to them curved in plan opposite directions of the front and rear sections, while the above main and auxiliary blades are interlocked in pairs and form the main and auxiliary axisymmetric pairs, along Lednov of which is deployed relative to the base pair of blades in terms counterclockwise by an angle α, equal to 5-20 °, and the distance T ₁ between the pair of main blades and the distance T ₂ between the pair of the auxiliary blades is respectively 0.5-0.7 and 0.9-1.2 of the radius R of the rotor, and the length L _{1 of the} blades of the main pair exceeds 1.85-2.1 times the length of the blades L _{2 of the} auxiliary pair.

The installation is equipped with additional modules, the flexible shafts of which form a common vertical shaft.

The installation is made with a sound-absorbing coating. In the installation, the electric generator is multi-pole low-speed (see US Pat. RU No. 2375603, class F03D 3/00, publ. 10.12.2009).

The disadvantage of this wind turbine is the design complexity, low power at low speeds of the wind flow, the presence of opposing moments.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to develop a wind turbine with high strength, simplified design, increased power, utilization of the wind flow, smooth rotation of the blades and noise reduction.

The technical result that can be obtained using the present invention is reduced to high strength, simplified design, increased power, utilization of the wind flow, smooth rotation of the blades and noise reduction.

The technical result is achieved using a wind turbine containing a wind turbine and having a vertical axis of rotation, consisting of at least one section in which the blades are S-shaped, the section is equipped with a frame in the form of a polygonal prism with rotary wind guiding screens installed with the ability to ensure smooth flow of air from the wind guide screens onto the blades of an S-shaped wind turbine, the wind turbine being made in the form of a tower, while the rotary wind Directional screens are installed on each side of the polygonal prism, with an angle of rotation from 0 to 90 ° with the possibility of performing the function of blinds and covering each side of the frame, and are equipped with locks at the corners, while the machine room and the operator room are installed at the bottom of the tower.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a wind turbine, general view, two sections in the form of a tower.

In FIG. 2 also, a top view, the direction of wind flows.

In FIG. 3, too, top view.

The implementation of the invention

A wind turbine comprising a rotating vertical axis wind turbine (not shown in FIG.) Made of at least one section 1, in FIG. 1, as an example, two sections 1 are shown, which are assembled in the form of a tower (not shown in FIG.), And in the lower part of the tower or next to it are located: a machine room 2 in which gears are installed (not shown in FIG.) , generators (not shown in FIG.), devices (power not shown in FIG.), sensors (not shown in FIG.) instrumentation and operator room 3, in which control devices are installed (not shown in FIG.) and controlling a wind turbine, wherein section 1 is formed of at least three x blades 4, moreover, the blade 4 is S-shaped, and section 1 is provided with a frame 5 made in the form of a polygonal prism, for example an octagonal or prism, which can be based on any other polygon, with each side of the polygonal prism except the top and the lower base is covered, mounted on it, rotatable to the outside by a wind-guiding screen 6, performing the function of a blind and a drive (in FIG. not shown) to rotate the wind guide screens 6, which allow you to redirect the opposing flow into the working area of the blades 4 and expand the reception area of the wind turbine, which significantly increases the utilization of the wind flow and simplifies the management of the wind turbine depending on wind speed and load, while the rotation angle each windshield 6 varies from 0 to 90 degrees, and during critical wind loads the windshields 6 act as blinds, completely closing the design of the wind turbine from all sides, protecting it from destruction, while to increase the strength of the entire construction of the wind turbine during critical wind loads, the windshields 6 are additionally equipped with locks 7 at the corners, and when the wind flow enters the receiving zone of the wind turbine, the flow is divided into three parts 8, 9, 10, and each of the wind guide screens 6 is connected to the subsequent wind guide screen 6 by means of a rod 11 and a lever 12, while the blades 4 are made S-shaped, which improves smoothness in growth and noise reduction.

The wind turbine operates as follows.

When the wind stream enters the receiving zone of the wind turbine, the stream is divided into three parts 8, 9, 10, while each of the parts 8, 9, 10 of the wind stream is smoothly redirected by the wind-guiding screens 6 turning onto the outside by the blades 4 into the working area of the wind turbine, moreover, since the frame 5 of section 1 is made in the form of a polygonal prism, for example an octagonal, each side of the octagonal prism, except for the upper and lower bases, is covered by a rotary wind-guiding screen 6, which allows you to redirect the counter creating a flow of wind into the working area of the blades 4, expand the receiving zone of the wind turbine, while the angle of rotation of each wind-guiding screen 6 varies from 0 to 90 degrees, in addition, the proposed design allows you to add the power of multidirectional wind flows at different altitude levels of the tower and use turbulent wind flows, which are formed, for example, as a result of the action on the wind flow of a complex relief terrain, so that the moments of their action on the blades 4, made S of the azimuth form, and in each section 1, as an example, four blades 4 are installed, while three blades 4 of four are simultaneously in operation and there are no opposing moments, unlike similar vertical wind motors, the rotation speed of the wind guiding screens 6 effectively controls the rotation speed and the power of the wind turbine from the maximum with fully open wind rails 6 and to “0” with fully closed wind rails 6, and since each of the wind rails of the shields 6 is connected by a rod 11 and a lever 12 followed by, then, therefore, it rotates with respect to the side of the polygonal prism by the same degree as all the others, while the load on the drive is reduced, since the vectors of forces arising from the interaction of the wind-guiding screens 6 and the wind flow is practically reduced to zero, but with laminar movements of the wind flow depending on its direction and speed, the opening angle of the wind-guiding screens 6 from different sides of section 1 can be different and the computer can be set eryom (in fig. not shown) according to a specific program, which will make it possible to use the wind flow even more efficiently, and during critical wind loads, the windshields 6 act as shutters, completely close the wind turbine on all sides, protecting it from destruction, and to increase the strength of the wind turbine design during critical wind loads, there are locks 7 installed at the corners of the wind-guiding screens 6.

Installation of a wind turbine can be performed on the principle of a construction tower crane.

Thus, the tests of the wind turbine according to the invention showed an increase in power up to three times, especially at low speeds of the wind flow due to the fact that section 1 is formed of at least three blades 4, and the blade 4 is made S-shaped, and section 1 is also equipped with a frame 5 made in the form of a polygonal prism, for example an octagonal prism, with each side of the polygonal prism, except for the upper and lower bases, being covered, mounted on it, by a rotary wind-guiding screen 6, in Ideal of blinds with 7 angle-mounted locks, improved smoothness of rotation, reduced noise level, increased the strength of the entire wind turbine design during critical wind loads, while the proposed wind turbine design significantly increases the wind flow coefficient and simplifies wind turbine control depending on speed wind and load, and the implementation of the blades 4 S-shaped improved smoothness of rotation and reduced noise.

The invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- high structural strength while simplifying it;

- increase in wind turbine power;

- increase the utilization of the wind flow;

- simplification of wind turbine control depending on wind speed and load;

- the ability to effectively use turbulent wind currents formed as a result of the action on the wind flow of complex terrain;

- smooth rotation of the blades;

- noise reduction.

Claims (1)

A wind turbine comprising a wind turbine and having a vertical axis of rotation, consisting of at least one section in which S-shaped blades are mounted, the section being provided with a frame in the form of a polygonal prism with rotary wind-guiding screens installed with the possibility of smooth flow air from the wind guiding screens onto the blades of an S-shaped wind turbine, the wind turbine being made in the form of a tower, characterized in that the rotary wind guiding screens are installed on each side of the polygonal prism, with an angle of rotation from 0 to 90 ° with the possibility of performing the function of blinds and covering each side of the frame, and equipped with locks at the corners, while the machine room and the operator room are installed at the bottom of the tower.

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