RU2545667C2 - Method of for pre-planting treatment of potato tubers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: method for pre-planting treatment of potato tubers is implemented with the help of a suspension of nano-particles of iron oxy hydroxide (IOH), ultrasonically treated. IOH is isolated with water treatment wastes at artesian water deferrisation stations. IOH is used in a gel condition. The gel contains 10-12% of IOH. The IOH gel is used in the form of a 0.01-0.001% suspension, inter alia - mixed with a protectant. IOH is also used in a modified condition. The modifier is represented by PVA in an amount of 0.5-1.0% in conversion to IOH dry matter. Modified IOH can be used as mixed with a protectant.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to ensure potato yield increase and quality enhancement.

5 cl, 2 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for presowing processing of potatoes, as well as to the disposal of waste iron oxyhydroxide (OGZH), allocated at the station deferrization of underground water produced for household needs.

Currently, research is actively being conducted on the use of nanochemistry in agriculture. Particularly actively investigated are metal nanoparticles (LFMs), including iron. It is noted that for the manifestation of biological activity, LFMs must be processed under certain conditions: strongly oxidized or actually oxide or hydroxide forms treated with ultrasound (L.V. Kovalenko, G.E. Folmanis, Biologically active iron nanopowders, 2006) Both methods multi-stage and energy-intensive.

In US Pat. No. 2236104, 2004, a method for pre-planting treatment of potato tubers with a solution of the natural mineral bischofite is proposed. The complexity of the proposed method lies in the multi-stage implementation. Initially, the potatoes are germinated by the light method for 20-25 days at a temperature of +12, + 14 ° C. Before spraying, the bischofite solution is heated to 80-90 ° C and then the solution is pollinated with vigorous stirring of the potatoes.

In US Pat. 2058698, 1996, a method is proposed for stimulating the growth of potato plants by pre-planting pollination of potato tubers with wood ash, followed by treatment in a gradient magnetic field. The disadvantages of this method include the complexity of the technological implementation of this process. First you need to spray ash on the potatoes, and then on a special installation to treat with a magnetic field.

The closest taken as a prototype is a method of pre-planting preparation of various seeds, in which it is proposed to use an aqueous suspension of reduction products of iron compounds of various chemical compositions and metallurgical waste products for processing various seeds of agricultural plants (Pat. 2056084). The disadvantages of this method include the unstable composition of the final product, which can affect the activity of the biological properties of the drug and, accordingly, the processing efficiency.

The task of the invention is to increase the yield and quality of potatoes in an affordable, effective and technologically simple way.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the pre-planting treatment of potato tubers is carried out with a 0.01-0.001% suspension of iron oxyhydroxide (OHL) nanoparticles isolated from wastewater treatment waste at artesian water deferrization stations, including those modified with polyvinyl alcohol and treated with ultrasound. The modifier is used in an amount of 0.5-1.0% based on the dry residue of the OGF. Processing is carried out, including in a mixture with a dressing agent.

Examples of specific performance.

Example 1. Preparation of the drug F1

The creamy paste isolated at the underground water deferrization station with a content of 10-12% dispersed OGF is treated with ultrasound for 30-60 minutes. The resulting preparation F1 is used to prepare a working solution - a suspension with a concentration of F1 0.0001-00.1% for preplant treatment of potato tubers.

Example 2. Preparation of the drug F1PVS

2-3 g of PVA is dissolved in 100 ml of water. To the resulting solution, add 300 ml of paste containing 10-12% dispersed OGL, mix thoroughly, sonicate for 30-60 minutes and leave for 48 hours to settle. The water released from above is drained, and the resulting paste, containing in its composition 9-10% of the modified sediment, is used to prepare working colloidal solutions with a given concentration of OHL.

Example 3. Preparation of working solutions for preplant treatment of potato tubers

To prepare the working solution, F1 or F1PVS preparations are added to the tank containing 90 l of water, mixed thoroughly and the potato tubers are treated with the resulting suspension before planting. The ratios are given in table 1.

The resulting homogeneous suspension is used to process potato tubers using an applicator mounted on a potato planter. In the variants of the experience of the combined use of OGF and the disinfectant, first the Prestige disinfectant is dissolved in water in the amount specified by the technology, and then F1 or F1PVS preparations are added to this solution in the given concentrations and all are thoroughly mixed.

The test results and the quality of the resulting potatoes are presented in table.2. Suspension consumption 70 l / ha.

As can be seen from table 2, the best results are achieved by increasing the yield of potatoes with the simultaneous use of a coolant modified with polyvinyl alcohol, and treater "Prestige". In this case, a synergism of the action of drugs is observed.

Thus, the proposed method does not require a fundamental overhaul of the established technology for planting potatoes, leads to the development of a powerful root system, an increase in the leaf surface, and thereby an increase in the yield and quality of potato tubers.

Table 1 Working solution, concentration,% The addition of OGL, ml The amount of water, l F1 F1PVS 0.01 75 93 90 0.005 37.5 46.8 90 0.001 7.5 9.3 90

table 2 The results of studies on the cultivation and quality of potatoes processed by the proposed method No. p / p The composition of the product, the concentration of F1,% Productivity Product quality, wt. share,% The content of nitrates, mg / kg c / ha Growth, % dry matter starch one. Control, Prestige 187.70 - 19.3 9.77 106.0 2. F-1 0.01% 202.78 8.0 19,4 11.48 117.5 3. F-1 0.01% + Prestige 223.00 19.0 17.7 8.94 131.0 four. F-1 0.003% + Prestige 201.19 7.0 19,4 11.61 122.0 5. P-1 PVA 0.0125% 197.52 5,0 20.3 11.10 86.3 6. F-1 PVA 0.01% + Prestige 234.92 25.0 20,2 11.14 145.0 7. F-1 PVA 0.005% + Prestige 228.17 22.0 19.2 10.84 180 8. F-1 PVA 0.001% + Prestige 230,0 23.0 19.2 9.50 143.0 MAC for nitrates 250 mg / kg F1-OGZH

Claims (5)

1. A method of pre-planting preparation of potato tubers, comprising treating the potato with a suspension of iron compounds, characterized in that the iron compounds used are ultrasound-treated iron oxyhydroxide (OGF) particles. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that iron oxyhydroxide is isolated from water treatment waste at artesian water deferrization stations and is used in a gel state (OHL-gel) containing 10-12% iron oxyhydroxide. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the OCR is also used in a modified state, and polyvinyl alcohol is used as a modifier in an amount of 0.5-1.0% based on the OSS dry residue. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the OHL-gel is used in the form of 0.01-0.001% suspension, including in a mixture with a dressing agent. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the OHL gel modified with polyvinyl alcohol is used in a mixture with a dressing agent.