RU2545290C1 - Method of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of solid reagent - aluminium in reaction vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of a solid reagent - aluminium - in a reaction vessel and can be used to produce hydrogen in stand-alone power generation, primarily in power plants with electrochemical generators, such as fixed plants, on vehicles, and when repairing hydrogen-cooled electric generators and in chemical industry. Disclosed is a method of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of aluminium in a reaction vessel filled with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The method of producing hydrogen is carried out in a continuous reactor by feeding aluminium in the form of an aqueous suspension. Before feeding into the reaction vessel, the aqueous suspension of aluminium is gelled (thickened). The gelling (thickening) additive used is modified polyacrylic acid or agar-agar.

EFFECT: invention increases cost effectiveness of producing hydrogen and improves the quality of hydrolysis and control of the hydrogen production process.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of a solid reagent - aluminum in a reaction vessel and can be used to produce hydrogen in the field of autonomous energy, mainly in power plants with electrochemical generators, both in stationary plants, in transport, and in the repair of hydrogen generators refrigeration, as well as in the chemical industry.

A known method of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of aluminum, which is carried out by supplying water vapor in the form of saturated or superheated steam at a temperature of 200-300 ° C in an amount close to stoichiometric (RF Patent RU 2260880, published January 4, 2007), used in autonomous energy installations with a cycle of operation from several hours to several thousand hours, mainly for submarines, underwater vehicles, ships, rail and road transport, domestic sources of energy of periodic action, and also periodically operating stationary power plants used at critical facilities that do not allow interruption of power supply.

The disadvantages of this method are the need for energy costs for the production of steam with a temperature of 250-300 ° C in a steam generator and the use of replaceable or non-replaceable containers, which leads to a complication of the hydrogen production system.

Also known is the closest to the proposed invention a method for producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of a solid reagent - aluminum in the reaction vessel, comprising supplying an aqueous solution of caustic soda to the reaction vessel (RF patent RU 2232710, publ. 04.01.2007), selected as a prototype.

In the known method, hydrogen production occurs in batch reactors i.e. periodically, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of regulation of hydrogen production, the need for refueling the system, and, ultimately, to complicate the operation and cost of hydrogen production.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of hydrogen production and to improve the quality of hydrolysis and regulation of the process of producing hydrogen.

The technical effect of increasing efficiency is achieved by the fact that in the known method for producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of aluminum in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide according to the invention, the process of producing hydrogen is carried out continuously by feeding aluminum in the form of an aqueous suspension, while the aqueous suspension of aluminum before being fed into the reaction vessel is gelled. In addition, as a gelling (thickening) additive, for example, modified polyacrylic acid or agar-agar is used.

In FIG. 1 presents an example of a device that implements the proposed method. In FIG. 2 shows the dependence of hydrogen yield on alkali concentration.

The device comprises a reactor 1, a line for supplying an aqueous solution of caustic soda 4, a line for supplying a gelled aqueous suspension of aluminum 2, a line for delivering hydrogen 3, and a line for outputting hydrolysis products 5.

Regulation of hydrogen output is based on the fact that:

a) a continuous reactor is used when the process of producing hydrogen can be controlled by the flow rates in the supply lines of an aqueous suspension of aluminum and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, which can improve the quality of regulation and reduce operating costs;

b) gelation of an aqueous suspension of aluminum can improve the quality of the hydrolysis process due to a more uniform distribution of aluminum particles in the reaction volume.

The proposed method for producing hydrogen is tested in laboratory conditions.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the dependence of hydrogen yield on alkali concentration for aluminum powder PAP-1 obtained in laboratory studies of a hydrogen generator.

Based on the studies, a project is being developed to use a continuous hydrogen vortex reactor to create an autonomous energy installation for emergency power supply of a cellular relay.

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of a solid reagent - aluminum in a reaction vessel, comprising supplying an aqueous solution of caustic soda and an output of hydrogen, characterized in that the aluminum is introduced into the reaction vessel in the form of an aqueous suspension, while before feeding it into the reaction vessel, an aqueous suspension pre-gel. 2. The method of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of a solid reagent - aluminum in the reaction vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that a modified polyacrylic acid or agar-agar is used as a gelling additive.

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