RU2540179C2 - Safety device for explosive facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety devices, used at explosive and radioactive facilities. A safety device for explosive facilities comprises a metal armoured frame with an armoured metal lining and a filler made in the form of a disperse air-lead system. Lead has the shape of crumb. The frame has fixed nozzles-supports in the ends. In the cover of the explosive facility there are at least three support rods rigidly embedded, with sheets-stops in the upper part, which are telescopically inserted into fixed nozzles-supports in a metal armoured frame. In the upper part of the support rods there are elastic-damping elements fixed, one end of which is rigidly connected by its base to sheets-stops, and the other is freely located. Each of elastic-damping elements is fixed by means of screws by their base made in the form of a round disc from a rigid vibration damping material of "Agat" type, on sheets-stops, rigidly connected to rods. The base of the elastic-damping element is connected with a bushing from elastomer, having a central hole, through which the rod passes. The bushing has at least three holes coaxial with a rod, where elastic elements are installed, for instance, cylindrical helical springs. The upper end of springs by means of fastening elements is connected to the base, and the lower one is in the non-pressed condition and protrudes beyond the lower plane of the bushing at the distance determined by force developed by a shock explosive wave.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase reliability of actuation of explosive devices in case of an emergency explosion.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to protective devices used in explosive and radioactive objects, such as easily erasable panels and roofs, explosion-proof fences and dampers, overpressure valves.

Known protective device in the form of anti-explosion panels (application DE No. 19638658, IPC EV 1/92 dated 04/16/1998), where the possibility of raising and lowering the panel to its original place in the explosion is carried out by the action of springs inserted into the support pipes.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a protective device for explosive objects according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2334063, class. Е04В 1/92, BI No. 28 dated 09/20/2008 (prototype), consisting of an armored metal frame with armored metal casing and a filler - lead. In the coating of the object near the opening, four support rods are embedded that are telescopically inserted into fixed support pipes embedded in the panel. To fix the limit position of the panel, stop plates are welded to the ends of the support rods.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the reliability of operation of the protective device during an emergency explosion at the facility and ensuring the return of these structures to their original position after the explosion.

This is achieved by the fact that in a protective device for explosive objects containing a metal armored frame with armored metal cladding and a filler, which is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of a crumb, and the frame has fixed ends at the ends - supports, and in the coating of an explosive hazardous object, at least three support rods with stop sheets in the upper part that are telescopically inserted into fixed support pipes in a metal armor are rigidly sealed In the upper part of the support rods, elastic-damping elements are fixed, one end of which is rigidly connected by its base to the abutment sheets, and the other is loosely located, each of the elastic-damping elements being fixed by screws with its base made in the form of a circular disk from a hard vibration-damping material of the Agat type, on abutment sheets rigidly connected to the rods, and the base of the elastic damping element is connected to an elastomer sleeve having a central hole, without the rod passing, the sleeve having at least three holes coaxial with the rod, in which there are elastic elements, for example cylindrical coil springs, the upper end of which is connected to the base by means of fasteners, and the lower end is in an unpressed state and stands for the lower plane of the sleeve at a distance determined by the force developed by the shock wave.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a protective device for explosive objects, figure 2 is a diagram of an elastic damping element.

The protective device for explosive objects (figure 1) consists of an armored metal frame 1 with armored metal casing 2 and a filler - lead 3. The filler can be made in shape in the form of spherical crumbs of one diameter; in the form of spherical crumbs of different diameters. The filler can be made in the form of crumbs of arbitrary shape of different diametric (maximum external, arbitrary shape, contour of the crumb) size.

In the coating of the object 7 at the opening 8 symmetrically with respect to the axis 9, at least three support rods 4 are embedded, telescopically inserted into the fixed nozzles-supports 6, embedded in a metal frame 1. To fix the limit position of the panel, the sheets are welded to the ends of the support rods 4 - stops 5. In order to dampen (soften) shock loads when the panel is returned, the filler is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, and the lead is made in the form of crumbs. In the upper part of the support rods 4, elastic-damping elements 10 are fixed, one end of which is rigidly connected with its base 11 to the stop sheets 5, and the other is freely located.

Each of the elastic damping elements 10 (Fig. 2) is fixed by means of screws 12 with its base 11, made in the form of a round disk of a hard vibration-damping material of the Agat type, on the stop sheets 5, rigidly connected to the rods 4. The base 11 is elastically the damping element is connected to an elastomer sleeve 13 having a central hole through which the rod 4 passes. The sleeve has at least three holes 14, coaxial with the rod 4, in which the elastic elements 15, for example, coil springs, are located the end face of which, by means of fasteners 16, is connected to the base 11, and the bottom is in a free (unpressed) state and protrudes beyond the lower plane of the sleeve 13 by a distance determined by the force developed by the shock wave.

A protective device for explosive objects works as follows.

In an explosion inside an industrial building (not shown in the drawing), the frame 1 rises with the armored metal casing 2 and the filler from the action of the shock wave and overpressure is released through the open opening 8.

In this case, the elastic damping elements 10 are compressed, extinguishing the energy of the explosion, and then return the panel to its original state.

After the explosion and the drop in excess pressure, dropping down, the panel closes the opening 8 and harmful substances do not enter the atmosphere. Stop plates 5 are used to fix the limit position of the panel. In order to damp (soften) shock loads when the panel is returned, the filler of the metal frame 1 is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of a crumb, and the support rods 4 can be made elastic.

Using the proposed technical solution allows the prevention of explosive objects from destruction and the reduction of harmful substances into the atmosphere during an accidental explosion.

Claims (1)

A protective device for explosive objects containing a metal armored frame with armored metal casing and filler, which is made in the form of a dispersed air-lead system, moreover, the lead is made in the form of a crumb, and the frame has fixed ends-supports at the ends, and in the coating of an explosive at least three support rods with stop plates in the upper part, which are telescopically inserted into the fixed support pipes in a metal armored frame, are rigidly sealed in that in the upper part of the support rods are fixed elastic-damping elements, one end of which is rigidly connected by its base to the abutment sheets, and the other is located freely, while each of the elastic-damping elements is fixed by means of screws with its base, made in the form of a round a disk made of a hard vibro-damping material of the Agat type, on the abutment sheets rigidly connected to the rods, and the base of the elastic damping element is connected to the elastomer sleeve having a central hole through the rod passes, and the sleeve has at least three holes, coaxial with the rod, in which there are elastic elements, for example cylindrical coil springs, the upper end of which is connected to the base by means of fasteners, and the lower end is in an unpressed state and protrudes beyond the lower the plane of the sleeve at a distance determined by the force developed by the shock wave.

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