RU2524184C2 - Grain combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry, in particular to devices for separation of coarse heap on grain combine harvesters. The grain combine harvester comprises one threshing machine, a straw rack, primary and additional shaking boards, the upper and lower sieves. The additional shaking board is mounted inside the front part of each key of the straw rack and is inclined towards the threshing machine. Reduction of the load on the upper sieve is provided in threshing grain mass of low humidity.

EFFECT: increased productivity of the combine and grain loss reduction is achieved.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to devices for the separation of rough heap on combine harvesters.

A known combine harvester containing a single-drum threshing device, a straw walker, cleaning a heap of grain, including upper and lower sieves and a transport board (see, for example, Combine harvesters "Don" / Yu.A. Peskov, I.K. Meshcheryakov, Yu.N. Yarmashev et al. - M.: Agropromizdat 1986, - 333 pp .: ill. - S.6-7, Fig. 4, bookend).

A disadvantage of the known design is the increase in the supply of holes and floor to the upper sieve when threshing the grain mass of low humidity, which leads to an increase in grain loss.

A known combine harvester containing a threshing and separating device, a straw separator, made in the form of two tiered straw walkers, including keys with pitched bottoms and a shaking board, and a device for cleaning grain, in which, in order to reduce grain losses, the shaking board is made of separating and sectional moreover, sections are mounted on each key under the pitched bottoms with overlapping ends; the ends of the sections of the shaker board of the upper straw walker are located above the keys of the lower straw walker (SU, copyright certificate No. 1132844. A. class ⁴ A01F 12/30; A01D 41/02. Combine harvester / E.I. Lipkovich, A.I. Doroshchuk, N .M. Migreladze, I.K. Meshcheryakov, A.R.Raspopov (USSR) .- Application No. 3537402 / 30-15. Declared 01/12/1983. Publish. 07.01.1985. Bull. No. 1).

The disadvantage of the described design of the combine is that it uses a complicated design of straw walkers. The described invention indicates the need to change the design of each key.

A known combine harvester containing one or more threshing machines, a straw walker, as well as cleaning with sieves, shaking and pitched boards, in which, in order to reduce grain loss by providing the possibility of separate cleaning of the heap from under the threshing machines and straw walkers, above the shaking board with overlapping part of the upper cleaning sieve installed an additional shaking board; shaking boards have a common drive; the bottom of the additional shaking board is equipped with adjustable wings; for the purpose of separate collection of biologically more valuable grain, a shortened pitched board was installed between the lower cleaning sieve and the pitched board (SU, copyright certificate No. 520068. M. class ² A01D 41/00; A01F 7/00. Combine harvester / V.I. Mashanov, E.V. Zhalnin, V.P. Gavrilov, A.I. Flippov, A.A. Shamin, V.A. Anisimov, N.G. Berezhnov, P.I. Kostrov, (USSR) - Application No. 1996436 / 30-15. Declared 02.15.1974. Published 05.07.1976. Bull. No. 25).

The described combine harvester has a complicated design.

A known combine harvester containing at least two threshing machines, a straw walker, a main and additional shaking boards, an upper and lower sieve, the additional shaking board is installed above the upper sieve, in which the upper sieve is completely located under the additional shaking board (RU Patent No. 2058706 , IPC ⁶ A01D 41/00, A01F 7/00. Combine harvester / V. P. Gamagin, V. V. Grechko, V. A. Slobzhin, A. A. Kikas. - Application No. 94018648/15. 1991. Published on April 27, 1996).

The described combine harvester, which we adopted as the closest analogue, has a complicated design, and when operating under normal conditions, its use is ineffective.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to simplify the design of the combine harvester.

EFFECT: increased productivity of a combine harvester and reduced grain losses.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known combine harvester containing one threshing machine, a straw walker comprising keys, a main and additional treater boards, an upper and lower sieve, according to the invention an additional treater board is installed inside the front of each straw walker button; additional shaking board is tilted towards the thresher.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a combine harvester with a single-drum threshing machine with open leaves of the additional shaking board keys straw walker; figure 2 - diagram of a combine harvester with a single-drum threshing machine with closed wings of an additional shaking board keys straw walker.

The combine harvester comprises a threshing apparatus 1 (FIGS. 1 and 2), a straw walker comprising keys 2, a grain heap cleaning including upper 3, lower 4 sieves, a main shake board 5 and an additional shake board 6 located inside the front of each key of the straw walker 2 . The bottom of the extra scallop board has adjustable flaps (not shown).

путь зерна; путь половы и сбоины →;

путь соломы.To describe the process, the following notation is introduced:

grain path; the path of the floor and the gaps →;

straw path.

Combine harvester operates as follows.

During preparation of the combine harvester for operation under normal conditions, the adjustable flaps of the additional shaking board of all the keys of the straw walker are opened (Fig. 1), and when threshing the grain mass of low humidity, they are closed (Fig. 2).

During the operation of the combine, the bread mass enters the threshing apparatus 1, where it is threshed. The first part of the grain-straw heap, which consists of threshed grain (about 80%) and sex, is separated through the deck of the threshing apparatus 1 and enters, being separated during sailing, on the main shaking board 5, which moves them to the upper cleaning sieve 3. The second part in the form of a mixture of grain, sex, troughs and straw is fed to a straw walker, on which intensive separation of grain from the heap is carried out, which is achieved by pressing keys 2 with an acceleration exceeding the acceleration of free fall of the heap, which posobstvuet redistribution of grain from the upper to the lower. At the same time, most of the grain, sex and fins are separated in front of the key 2 and falls on an additional shaking board 6.

If the combine harvester is operating under normal conditions and the flaps of the additional shaker board of all the keys of the straw walker are open, then the grain, floor and glitch fall onto the main shake board 5 without bias.

If the combine harvester threshes the grain mass of low humidity and the leaves of the additional shaking board of all the keys 2 of the straw walker are closed, then the grain, floor and gouge fall onto the main shaking board 5 with an offset towards the threshing apparatus 1.

Thus, the path of the grain-straw heap along the main shaking board increases and its separation into fractions occurs more efficiently. The upper sieve will work without overloading, and grain losses behind the combine harvester will be reduced when threshing the grain mass with low humidity.

Claims (1)

Combine harvester containing one threshing machine, straw walker, including keys, main and additional shaker boards, upper and lower sieves, characterized in that an additional shaker board is installed inside the front of each key of the straw walker.

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