RU2516965C1 - Semiautomatic small arms trigger mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed trigger mechanism comprises the cock, sear, launching trigger, tripper and sear-to-launching trigger link. Said link is arranged at launching trigger. Launching trigger pin is fitted between trigger and sear pins relative to gun lengthwise axis. Said spring-loaded tripper is arranged between launching trigger and sear to trip aforesaid link at displacement of moving parts from extreme front position to reset said link solely when said moving parts reach the extreme front position. Tripper front end is retained by the gun moving parts at their extreme front position.

EFFECT: decreased sizes, higher reliability and safety.

14 cl, 6 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a trigger mechanism of a semi-automatic gun type rifle.

State of the art

Semi-automatic semi-automatic firearms, in particular semi-automatic civilian rifle-type weapons, for example semi-automatic civilian weapons, similar to the M16 combat automatic rifle and known to specialists, for example, as the AR-15, have a simplified trigger mechanism that excludes the possibility of firing bursts. So, in the trigger mechanism of the AR-15 rifle there is no self-timer whisper, which performs the function of a whisper of automatic shooting in the M16 rifle, as well as the function of protecting the trigger from turning the trigger if the moving parts do not occupy the extreme forward position.

However, with this arrangement, the ability to send the moving parts of the weapon to its extreme forward position is lost, and for further operation of the weapon, it is necessary to remove the cartridge sent to the chamber and to carry out a full reload cycle with the loss of a cartridge, which is unacceptable when hunting or practical shooting.

Since the design of semi-automatic weapons and their main components are known to the specialist, the present description is mainly focused on the device of the trigger mechanism of semi-automatic firearms of this type.

Trigger mechanisms are known from the prior art, for example from documents US 3045555, US 3670442. These trigger mechanisms are designed in the semi-automatic firing mode by the method of "intercepting" the trigger from a tooth whispering to the trigger tooth when releasing the trigger. Known mechanisms do not provide sufficient reliability for recognizing the movement of moving parts of a weapon from its extreme forward position. By the extreme forward position of the moving parts of the weapon, as is customary in the art, is meant an approximate position to the barrel.

Also known from the prior art is the trigger mechanism disclosed in US 4017996, according to which a break is made between the trigger and the sear when moving the moving parts of the weapon, in particular the bolt, from its extreme forward position. US 4,017,996, which can be considered a prototype of the present invention, discloses a trigger mechanism for a semi-automatic gun of a gun type, in which the trigger interacts with the sear via a push rod located on the trigger to rotate around the axis of attachment of the push rod. When moving the moving parts of the weapon from the extreme forward position, they interact with this pusher, as a result of which the connection between the trigger and the sear is broken.

The disadvantages of the known solution include the fact that the trigger mechanism has large dimensions, which cause an increase in the size of all weapons, and cannot be used in semi-automatic civilian weapons such as AR-15.

The purposes and objectives of the invention

To solve the problems inherent in the prior art, it is necessary to create a compact trigger mechanism for firearms, which has high reliability and safety.

Advantageously, the proposed trigger mechanism can be used for semi-automatic rifle-type weapons, including those having a design similar to AR-15.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To solve the problem, the present invention proposes an improved compact trigger mechanism of a semi-automatic firearm, in which the trigger is located between the trigger and the sear, while the mechanism has a device that breaks the connection between the trigger and the sear when moving the moving parts from the extreme front position and restores only when the moving parts come to their extreme forward position.

Moving parts in the context of the present invention in the general case are understood to be known weapon elements that slide longitudinally relative to the weapon and perform the functions of: when exposed to an automatic engine: unlocking the bore, removing and extracting the spent sleeve (cartridge for manual reloading), cocking trigger mechanism; when exposed to the return mechanism: sending the next cartridge into the chamber, locking the bore. Such moving parts are, for example, a bolt or bolt carrier of a firearm.

According to the present invention, there is provided a trigger mechanism for a semi-automatic rifle-type weapon containing a trigger, a sear, a trigger, a trigger-to-sear communication means located on the trigger and spring-loaded to provide a trigger connection with the sear in its initial position, and breaking the connection at the moment reloading weapons, and characterized in that

the axis of the trigger is located relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm between the axes of the trigger and the sear, while

provides a disconnector located rotatably and spring loaded to break the connection between the trigger and the sear, and

the front end of the uncoupler is held by the movable parts of the weapon when the movable parts are in the extreme forward position, and is released by the movable parts of the weapon when they move from the extreme forward position, allowing the disconnector to rotate to break the connection between the trigger and the sear by means of the rear end of the uncoupler on said communication medium trigger with a sear, and

the uncoupling device releases the means of communication between the trigger and the sear to restore communication between the sear and the trigger when the trigger is in its original position and the moving parts of the weapon are in their frontmost position and hold the front end of the uncoupling.

It is essential for the present invention that the trigger is located relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm between the trigger and the sear, or accordingly, the axis of the trigger is located relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm between the axes of the trigger and the sear. The axis of the trigger, trigger and sear can be located relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm in one line or, alternatively, with a spacing in height, but in this sequence. Due to this, a particularly compact design of the trigger mechanism is achieved.

It is advisable if the communication means of the trigger with the sear is made in the form of a traction of the sear. Alternatively, instead of the traction of the sear, the sear propeller may be used.

To achieve a compact design, it may be provided that the disconnector is spring-loaded by means of a portion of the mainspring. However, a separate disconnector spring may be provided.

The disconnector can be mounted on the axis of the trigger or on the axis or trunnion of the trigger. In all cases, a compact design is achieved. If necessary, a separate axis may be provided for mounting the disconnector.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a trigger mechanism for a semi-automatic weapon of a gun type, comprising a trigger located on the axis of the trigger, a mainspring that interacts with the trigger to bring it to its extreme forward position, a sear located on the axis of the sear and spring-loaded to return to the original position, the tooth is located on the sear, and on the trigger there is a fighting support for interacting with the sear’s tooth to hold the trigger in cocked position, the trigger located on the axis of the trigger and spring-loaded to return to its original position, the sear whisper combined with the trigger through the axis and the pull spring located in the trigger, while at the rear end of the sear throat there is a protrusion for interacting with the lower sear lever, the trigger axis the hook is located relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm between the axes of the trigger and the sear, with a disconnector located on the trunnion trunnion with the possibility of rotation and a spring-loaded spring oh disconnector to break the connection between the trigger and the sear, and the front end of the disconnector is made to interact with the moving parts of the weapon, and the rear end of the disconnector interacts with the petal of the sear of the sear and, under the action of the spring of the disconnector, breaks the connection between the trigger and the sear while moving the moving parts of the firearm from the extreme forward position, and restores this connection only when the mentioned moving parts come to the extreme forward position.

It is preferable that the trigger in its extreme position, when the moving parts are in the extreme rear position, acts on the traction of the sear and breaks the connection between the trigger and the sear until the trigger engages the trigger with the tooth of the whisper, and under the action of the uncoupler, the traction of the sear is held until the mentioned moving parts to the extreme forward position.

As mentioned above, the uncoupling spring can be a part of the mainspring located on the trunnion trunnions, the mainspring springing the trigger with its middle feather and springing the uncoupling with one of the side feathers to hold the sear whisper and break the connection between the trigger and the sear before the mentioned moving parts arrive to extreme forward position.

The claimed trigger mechanism may also contain a sear spring located on the trunnion trunnions and a spring-loaded sear with a middle feather, and a fuse rotatably mounted and fixed in two positions by one of the side feathers of the sear spring.

In one embodiment of the trigger mechanism, one of the side feathers of the mainspring interacts with the trigger to return the trigger to its original position.

The trigger mechanism of the present invention may also contain a sear spring located on the trunnion trunnions and a spring-loaded sear with the middle feather, the axis of the trigger, sear and trigger being prevented from lateral movement by one of the side feathers of the sear spring, which passes along the grooves of the axes. Due to the proposed implementation, a particularly compact design of the trigger mechanism with a minimum number of parts is achieved.

The technical effect of the present invention lies in the fact that due to the arrangement of the axes of the trigger, sear and trigger provided by the invention, the minimum size of the trigger mechanism is provided, while the operation is as reliable as possible due to the separation of the sear (trigger) and whisper thrust, if the moving parts of the weapon are not in the extreme forward position, and the possibility of turning the trigger is excluded if the moving parts of the weapon are not in the extreme forward position.

So, the power relationship of the uncoupling, the trigger and the trigger is realized by means of a war spring, the right feather of which acts on the uncoupling, the middle feather on the trigger, and the left feather on the trigger. However, a mirror change of the entire structure is possible.

The spring whispered, in turn, provides a force relationship between the axes of the trigger, the sear and the trigger, prevents the longitudinal movement of the axes and provides reliable mounting of the axes in the housing of the trigger mechanism with minimal use of parts.

The proposed implementation of the trigger mechanism allows to reduce its size, which ensures its placement, for example, in semi-automatic weapons of a gun type, including those having a design similar to AR-15.

Other details and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of an example implementation of the present invention, presented below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The structural elements indicated in the example and their relationships can be modified by a specialist within the framework of the idea of the present invention, while maintaining their function, therefore, the presented example should be considered only as an illustration, providing an understanding of the principle of the present invention.

Description of drawing figures

Figure 1 is an isometric view of the trigger mechanism;

Figure 2 - isometric view of the trigger mechanism of figure 1;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a semi-automatic weapon, in which the trigger mechanism is in the cocked position;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a semi-automatic weapon in which the trigger mechanism is in the cocked position and the trigger is pressed;

5 is a longitudinal section of a semi-automatic weapon, in which the moving parts of the weapon begin to move to its extreme rear position;

6 is a longitudinal section of a semi-automatic weapon, in which the moving parts of the weapon come to its extreme forward position.

An example implementation of the present invention

In FIG. 1-6 show an example of the implementation and operation of the trigger mechanism of the present invention, with the same elements are denoted by the same reference positions. Elements and parts that are an integral part of the trigger mechanism, automation or firearms are not specifically designated and should be obvious to a specialist.

The signs “spring”, “spring feather” of the spring referred to in the following presentation are not limited to a specific semantic content and can be interpreted by a specialist in a reasonable manner from the point of view of available equivalents. Thus, in the context of the present invention, a spring containing at least several feathers acting on the same or different parts can be equivalently replaced with several independent springs.

Hereinafter, the signs “left” and “right” relate only to the particular depicted example and do not limit the present invention. It is obvious that the presented design can be modified in a mirror image.

Figure 1 and Figure 2 shows the trigger mechanism of a semi-automatic firearm located in a box (not shown), including:

- trigger 1, located on the axis 2 of the trigger with the possibility of rotation and spring-loaded with the middle feather 3 of the mainspring, which is located on the trunnions of the trigger,

- a sear 4 located on the axis of the 5 whisper rotatably and spring loaded with the middle feather 6 of the spring of the sear, which is located on the trunnions of the sear, while the sear has a lower lever 16 and a tooth 8 of a whisper, and on the trigger there is a combat stop 7 for interaction with tooth 8 whispered

- trigger 9, located on the trigger axis 10 rotatably and spring-loaded with the left feather 11 of the mainspring, on the trigger is a rod 12 of the sear, placed by means of the axis 13 of the sear whispered rotationally and spring loaded with a spring 14 of the rod located in the trigger 9 , wherein

- at the rear end of the traction 12 of the sear the protrusion 15 is located for interaction with the lower lever 16 of the sear;

- disconnector 17, located on the pin 27 of the trigger, which in turn is placed on the axis 2 of the trigger, rotatable and spring-loaded with the right feather 18 of the mainspring, the front facing the barrel of the weapon, the end 19 of the disconnector has the ability to interact with the moving parts of the weapon, and the rear, remote from the barrel of the weapon, the end 20 of the disconnector interacts with the petal 21 of the whisper rod,

- a fuse 22, made with the possibility of rotation and fixed in two positions by the right feather 23 of the sear spring, while

- the axis 2, 5, 10 of the trigger, sear and trigger are kept from longitudinal movement with the left feather 24 of the sear spring, which passes along the grooves of the axes.

The disconnector 17, under the action of a war spring, acting on the petal 21 of the sear whisper, lowers the rear end of the sear whisper when moving the moving parts of the weapon from its extreme forward position and allows the rear end of the sear whisper to rise when the moving parts are in the extreme front position.

The action of the gun in itself is known to specialists and in this regard does not need further explanation. However, it is worth noting that before the cartridge in the chamber ignites, the trigger 1 is cocked by the sear 4 and the movable parts, such as a bolt or bolt frame provided with a protrusion 25, are located in the frontmost position. This position is depicted in figure 3. The front end 19 of the disconnector 17 is lowered by the protrusion 25 of the moving parts, and the rear end 20 of the disconnector 17 is raised and thereby releases the whispered thrust tab 21 and allows the whispered protrusion 15 to interact with the lower whisper arm 16.

When you press the trigger 9, the trigger 9 rotates around its axis 10 and pulls the rod 12 whisper forward, and that in turn, through the rear protrusion 15 turns the sear 4, acting on the lower lever 16 of the whisper, due to which the tooth 8 whispers with the fighting emphasis 7 of the trigger and the trigger 1 under the action of the fighting spring 3 starts to rotate around its axis 2 to strike the hammer 26. This position is shown in Fig.4.

In the process of firing said movable parts, driven by an automation engine, begin to move to the extreme rear position and cock 1, removing and extracting the fired sleeve. At the moment when the protrusion 25 of the moving parts releases the front end 19 of the disconnector 17, allowing it to turn, the latter rotates under the action of the mainspring 18 and the rear end 20 acts on the petal 21 of the whisper thrust, which in turn lowers the rear protrusion 15 of the whisper thrust and holds last in this position. The rear protrusion 15 of the sear traction comes out of interaction with the lower lever 16 of the sear, the sear 4 is rotated under the action of the sear spring 6 for engagement with the tooth 8, whispering to the fighting stop 7. This position is shown in FIG.

In the future, when the moving parts move to the extreme rear position, the cock 1 is cocked, when the hammer 7 stops hooking on the tooth 8 of the sear 4.

When moving the moving parts from the extreme rear position to the extreme forward position, the next cartridge is fed into the chamber (not shown).

When the moving parts come to their extreme forward position, the protrusion 25 of the moving parts acts on the front end 19 of the disconnector, the disconnector 17 rotates and releases the petal 21 of the sear sear. The rear protrusion 15 of the whisper rod under the action of the spring 14 of the rod rises and abuts against the lower end of the lever 16 of the sear. This position is shown in Fig.6.

When releasing the trigger, the latter rotates to its original position under the action of the left end 11 of the mainspring. The whisper rod 12 moves backward, the rear protrusion 15 of the whisper rod extends from under the lower end of the whisper lever 16, rises and interacts with the lower whisper lever 16. Thus, the trigger mechanism is restored to its original position and is ready for the next shot.

The operation of the fuse 22 is known and does not need a detailed description. In one position, when the shot is blocked, it blocks the trigger 9, preventing the latter from turning around the axis 10 of the trigger. In another position, he releases the trigger 9 to rotate and initiate a shot.

Figure 1 shows that in the trigger mechanism of the present invention, the axis 10 of the trigger 9 is located between the axis 2 of the trigger and the axis 5 of the whisper, when viewed in the longitudinal direction along the length of the weapon, which provides a compact design of the trigger mechanism.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sear spring 24, 6, 23 provides a force relationship between the axes 2, 5, 10 of the trigger, the sear and the trigger by placing the axes in the corresponding grooves, thereby preventing the axes from moving relative to each other and relative to other elements of the weapon, that is, a stress-stable state of the design of the trigger mechanism is provided. Additionally, the disconnector 17, the trigger 1 and the trigger are also in force interconnection through the mainspring, the right feather 18 of which acts on the disconnector 17, the middle feather 3 on the trigger 1, and the left feather 11 on the trigger 9.

The proposed implementation minimizes the number of parts in the trigger mechanism.

Used in the present description, the terms "above", "below", "forward" and "back" refer to commonly used terms in the art and characterize the traditional position of the weapon in the firing state, relative to the shooter.

The above example, as well as the elements depicted in the figures, can be reasonably modified by a specialist without going beyond the scope of the claims defined by the attached claims.

Claims (14)

1. The trigger mechanism of a semi-automatic weapon, comprising a trigger (1), a sear (4), a trigger (9), a trigger-hook communication device located on the trigger and spring-loaded to ensure the trigger is connected to the sear in its original position, and breaking the connection at the moment of reloading the weapon, characterized in that the axis (10) of the trigger is relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm between the axes of the trigger (2) and the sear (5), while a disconnector (17) is located located in zmozhnostyu rotating and spring-loaded to break the bond between the trigger (9) and the sear (4), wherein
the front end (19) of the uncoupler (17) is held by the movable parts of the weapon when the movable parts are in the frontmost position, and is released by the movable parts of the weapon when they move from the extreme forward position, allowing rotation of the uncoupler (17) to break the connection between the trigger (9 ) and the sear (4) by acting on the rear end (20) of the uncoupling device (17) on said trigger-communication means with the sear, the disconnector (17) releasing the trigger-communication device with the sear in order to reconnect between with a sear (4) and a trigger (9), when the trigger takes its initial position, and the moving parts of the weapon are in their extreme forward position and hold the front end (19) of the uncoupler (17). 2. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication means of the trigger with the sear is made in the form of a traction of the sear. 3. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication means of the trigger with the sear is made in the form of a sear pusher. 4. The trigger mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the disconnector is spring-loaded by means of a part of the mainspring. 5. The trigger mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the disconnector is spring-loaded regardless of the mainspring. 6. The trigger mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the disconnector is rotatably located on the axis of the trigger. 7. The trigger mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the disconnector is rotatably located on the axis of the trigger or the trunnion of the trigger. 8. The trigger mechanism of a semi-automatic weapon, containing a trigger (1), placed on the axis (2) of the trigger, a mainspring that interacts with the trigger (1) to bring it to its extreme forward position, a sear (4) located on the axis ( 5) whispered and spring-loaded to return to its original position, a tooth (8) is located on the sear; moreover, a fighting stop (7) is located on the trigger to interact with the tooth (8), it is whispered to hold the trigger (1) in the cocked position, the trigger (9 ) located on the trigger axis (10) and spring-loaded for I return to the initial position, the thrust (12) whispered combined with the trigger (9) through the axis (13) and the spring (14) of the thrust located in the trigger (9), while at the rear end of the thrust (12) whispered a protrusion (15) for interacting with the lower lever (16) whispered, while the axis (10) of the trigger is located relative to the longitudinal direction of the firearm between the axes (2, 5) of the trigger and the sear, and a disconnector (17) located on the pin is provided (27) trigger rotatable and spring-loaded spruce for breaking the connection between the trigger (9) and the sear (4), the front end (19) of the disconnector (17) made to interact with the moving parts (25) of the weapon, and the rear end (20) of the disconnector (17) interacts with the petal (21) the sear whisper and under the action of the uncoupling spring breaks the connection between the trigger (9) and the sear (4) when moving the moving parts of the firearm from the extreme forward position, and restores this connection only when the mentioned moving parts come to the extreme front position . 9. The trigger mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that the trigger (1) in its extreme position, when the moving parts are in the extreme rear position, acts on the traction (12) of the sear and breaks the connection between the trigger (9) and with a sear (4) until the interaction of the combat stop (7) of the trigger (1) with the tooth (8) whispered, and under the action of the uncoupler (17), the rod (12) of the sear was held until the mentioned moving parts came to their extreme forward position. 10. The trigger mechanism according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the said uncoupling spring is a part of the mainspring located on the trunnions of the trigger (1), and the mainspring with its middle feather (3) springs the trigger (1), and one from the side feathers (18), a disconnector is springed to hold the whisper rod (12) and break the connection between the trigger (9) and the sear (4) until the mentioned moving parts come to their extreme forward position. 11. The trigger mechanism according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises a sear spring located on the sear trunnions and with a middle feather (6) a spring-loaded sear (4) and a fuse (22) rotatably mounted and fixed in two positions of one of the side feathers (23) of the whisper spring. 12. The trigger mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that one of the side feathers (11) of the mainspring interacts with the trigger (9) to return the trigger to its original position. 13. The trigger mechanism according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises a sear spring located on the trunnion trunnions and with a middle feather (6) a spring-loaded sear (4), with the trigger axis (2, 5, 10) of the sear, the sear and the trigger is held from lateral movement by one of the side feathers (24) of the sear spring, which passes along the grooves of the axes. 14. The trigger mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that the disconnector is spring-loaded regardless of the mainspring.

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