RU2509297C1 - Photometric analyser with cell for installation of optic filling cuvet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnologies.

SUBSTANCE: device includes analyser housing 1, in which cell 2 is installed. Cell 2 is equipped with holes 3 for passage of a light beam. An internal cavity of cell 2 in a cross section has a shape of a square and is intended for installation of the optic filling cuvet. Adapter 5 is equipped with guides for its installation into cell 2 and has through pass 7, on the inner surface of which there are longitudinal slots 8 for installation of an optic one-use capillary microcuvet. With that, the adapter has slots 10 for passage of the light beam. As a sensor of availability of adapter 5, optical diode 11 is used, which is installed on cell 2. An analyser actuation assembly is made in the form of hermetically sealed reed relay 19, magnet 20 installed on lever 21 and interacting with hermetically sealed reed relay 19.

EFFECT: invention provides a possibility of creating a general-purpose small-sized device.

4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine and biology and can be used to determine the quantitative content of the analyte in physiological fluid. More precisely, the invention relates to instruments for determining the quantitative content of an analyte in a physiological fluid by optical methods, for example, spectrophotometric method.

Digital spectrophotometers are known, for example, PD-303S, manufactured by Apel Co., Ltd, Japan, intended for a wide range of studies. Test tubes, semi-microcuvettes or square cuvettes can be used as test containers in the spectrophotometer. The disadvantage of the spectrophotometer is the inability to use an optical disposable capillary microcuvette as a test capacity.

Blood analyzers are also known, for example, a Hemo Control photometer manufactured by EKF - diagnostic sales GmbH (Germany), designed to determine the concentration of hemoglobin in whole blood. It uses an optical disposable capillary microcuvette as a test container. However, the disadvantage of the described device is the inability to use a standardized square cuvette as a test container.

Closest to the claimed device in technical essence and the achieved result is the invention described in the copyright certificate SU No. 1798662 "Device for photometric measurements using a spectrophotometer" and selected as a prototype. The description says that the device for performing photometric measurements using a spectrophotometer contains a cuvette compartment of a spectrophotometer with an optical system. The optical system includes a source and a receiver located on one optical axis parallel to the plane of the base of the spectrophotometer. In order to improve the usability of the device during serial changes with the vertical orientation of the radiation beam, the device is equipped with an additional unit mounted on the cuvette compartment and made of opaque material. Inside the block is a microplate with holes for the test fluid. The microplate is made with the possibility of its movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Also inside the block is a bracket with a fixing head and mirrors mounted on it to form a radiation beam whose axis is perpendicular to the optical axis on which the source and receiver are located, and the mirrors are optically coupled to the source and receiver. The axis of the fixing head is perpendicular to the optical axis on which the source and receiver are located. The unit is installed in the cuvette compartment of a standard spectrophotometer. The device described in the copyright certificate allows measurements to be made with standardized square cuvettes as well as with disposable capillary microcuvettes.

The disadvantages of this invention are both the difficulty in mounting it on a spectrophotometer and the large volume of the unit, which is installed in the cuvette compartment of a standard spectrophotometer.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the universalization of the analyzing device. Another objective is to automate the process of testing the analyte with a decrease in energy consumption.

The technical result that is achieved in the claimed invention is the creation of a universal small-sized spectral analyzing device. In addition, the claimed invention allows you to automate the testing process, which reduces both time costs and allows you to save electricity.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a photometric analyzer with a cell for installing an optical loading cell includes a removable adapter, an adapter for the presence of the adapter, and an analyzer switching unit. The adapter is made in the form of a hollow body with a through channel. On the inner surface of the adapter, longitudinal grooves are made for installing an optical disposable capillary microcuvette. The outer surface of the adapter is provided with guides for installing it in the cell. The adapter has at least two openings for the passage of the light beam. The adapter is equipped with an identification element for interacting with the adapter availability sensor. The analyzer switching-on unit is made in the form of a reed switch, a magnet mounted on a lever and interacting with a reed switch. In this case, the lever is mounted with the ability to move when exposed to its free end by an installed optical bulk cuvette or an optical disposable capillary microcuvette.

In the particular case, the adapter presence sensor is made in the form of an optocoupler, and the adapter identification element is made in the form of a reflective portion on the outer surface of the adapter located in the optical zone of the optocoupler when the adapter is installed in the cell.

In the particular case, the adapter presence sensor is made in the form of a reed switch, and the adapter identification element is made in the form of a magnet mounted on the adapter in the reed sensitivity zone when the adapter is installed in the cell.

In the particular case, the adapter presence sensor is made in the form of a push button, and the adapter identification element is made in the form of a protrusion on the adapter wall from the side of the push button for interaction with it when the adapter is installed in the cell.

In the following, the claimed technical solution is illustrated by a detailed description of a specific but not limiting present solution, an example of its implementation and the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 - cell in section;

figure 2 - cell with an installed optical loading cell in the context;

figure 3 - cell with the installed adapter in the context;

4 is a cell with an adapter and an optical disposable capillary microcuvette in section;

5 is an example of a specific implementation of the cell;

6 is an example of a specific implementation of the adapter;

7 - installation of the adapter in the housing of the photometric cell;

Fig - an example of a sensor for the presence of an adapter in the form of a reed switch;

Fig.9 is an example of a sensor for the presence of an adapter in the form of a push button.

The device (figure 1) contains the analyzer body 1, in which the cell 2 is installed. The cell 2 is provided with holes 3 for the passage of the light beam. A specific example of the implementation of cell 2 is shown in Fig.5. The internal cavity of the cell 2 in the cross section has the shape of a square and is designed to install an optical loading cell 4, as shown in figure 2.

The adapter 5, a specific example of the embodiment of which is shown in Fig.6, is provided with guides 6 for installing it in the cell 2. Installing the adapter 5 in the cell 2 is shown in Fig.7. The adapter 5 has a through channel 7, on the inner surface of which there are longitudinal grooves 8 for installing an optical disposable capillary microcuvette 9. Moreover, the adapter has slots 10 for the passage of the light beam.

In the present description, three examples of the performance of the presence sensor of the adapter 5 are provided, which does not limit the use of other presence sensors not shown in the present description.

In the example shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, an optocoupler 11 is used as a sensor for the presence of adapter 5, which is mounted on cell 2. In cell 2, a hole 12 is made for the light beam of the optocoupler 11. In this case, on the side wall of the adapter 5 made area with a reflective surface 13.

In another example embodiment shown in Fig. 8, a reed switch 14 is used as a sensor for the presence of adapter 5. In this case, adapter 5 is made with one elongated wall 15, and a hole 16 is made in cell 2 for introducing elongated wall 15. On elongated wall 15 a magnet 16 is installed, which, when the adapter 5 is inserted into the cell 2, interacts with the reed switch 14 installed in the analyzer case 1.

In another example embodiment of the sensor for the presence of the adapter 5, a push button 17 is used. In this case, as shown in Fig. 9, the adapter 5 is made with one elongated wall 18, and a hole 19 is made in the cell 2 for introducing the elongated wall 18. With the introduction the adapter 5 into the cell 2, the elongated wall 18 interacts with the push button 17 installed in the analyzer case 1.

A specific example of the execution and operation of the analyzer switching unit is shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 4. In the above example, the analyzer switching unit is made in the form of a reed switch 19, a magnet 20 mounted on the lever 21 and interacting with the reed switch 19. At the same time, the lever 21 is mounted with the ability to move when exposed to an installed optical loading cell 4, as shown in FIG. .2, or an optical disposable capillary microcuvette 9, as shown in FIG. Moreover, when the adapter 5 is installed without a disposable capillary microcuvette 9, as shown in Fig. 3, the analyzer will not turn on, since the lever 21 does not move and the magnet 20 does not interact with the reed switch 19.

The device operates as follows.

The analyzer works according to the principle of a spectrophotometer for measuring the optical density spectrum of an investigated sample of complex multicomponent composition D (λ) associated with the absorption spectrum A (λ) by the ratio

. $$D\left(\lambda \right)=\lg \frac{\mathrm{one}}{\left(\mathrm{one}-A\left(\lambda \right)\right)}$$

.

The absorption coefficient A (λ) is determined by measuring the intensity of the light flux according to the formula

, $$A\left(\lambda \right)=\frac{I0\left(\lambda \right)-I\mathrm{one}\left(\lambda \right)}{I0\left(\lambda \right)}$$

,

Where

I0 (λ) is the intensity of the light flux incident on the sample,

I1 (λ) is the intensity of the light flux passing through the sample.

According to the Bouguer-Lambert-Beer law, the absorption spectrum of a mixture of substances is the sum of the absorption spectra of the components of the mixture. Using the absorption spectrum of the test sample and the known absorption spectra of the individual components and deciding the appropriate mathematical system of equations for these spectra using the built-in microprocessor program, the concentration of all components is determined.

When using an optical bulk cuvette 4 with a solution of lysed blood, the analyzer determines the following blood parameters:

- concentration of total hemoglobin ctH;

- Fetal hemoglobin FHbF fraction;

- fraction of carboxyhemoglobin FCOHb;

- methemoglobin fraction FMetHb.

To conduct these studies, an optical loading cuvette 4 is inserted into the cell 2, as shown in Fig.2. An optical loading cell 4 moves the lever 21 with its lower surface and thereby brings the magnet 20 to the reed switch 19. The analyzer is turned on. In this case, the presence sensor of the adapter 5 determines the type of carrier of the substance installed in cell 2. For example, if the optocoupler 11 is used as the sensor of the presence of adapter 5 (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), then the reflection of the light beam of the light source of the optocoupler 11 from the optical bulk surface cuvette 4 does not occur, and the analyzer determines the carrier of the analyte as an optical bulk cuvette 4.

During the measurement process, the analyzer determines the optical density of physiological fluid at all wavelengths λi of the spectral range of the spectrophotometer.

Next, the multiplication obtained by measuring the optical densities D1 (λi) by the coefficients K1 (λi) corresponding to the optical loading cell 4. These coefficients must be pre-recorded in the analyzer memory. As a result, the optical density spectrum of the test substance is determined: D (λi) = D1 (λi) · K1 (λi) and the associated absorption spectrum A (λi).

When using a disposable capillary microcuvette 9 with a solution of lysed blood, the analyzer determines the following blood parameters:

- concentration of total hemoglobin ctHb;

- fraction of oxyhemoglobin FO2Hb;

- fraction deoxyhemoglobin FHHb;

- fraction of carboxyhemoglobin FCOHb;

- methemoglobin fraction FMetHb.

To conduct these studies, adapter 5 is installed in cell 2, as shown in FIG. 6. After installing the adapter 5 in its longitudinal grooves 8 install a disposable capillary microcuvette 9 with the analyzed physiological fluid. A disposable capillary microcuvette 9 moves its lever 21 by its lower surface, bringing the magnet 20 to the reed switch 19. The analyzer is turned on. In this case, the presence sensor of the adapter 5 determines the type of carrier of the substance installed in cell 2. For example, if the optocoupler 11 is used as the sensor of the presence of adapter 5 (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), the light beam of the light source of the optocoupler 11 is reflected from the area with the reflective surface 13 of the adapter 5 and the illumination of the receiver of the optocoupler 11. The analyzer determines the presence of the adapter 5, and the carrier of the test substance as a disposable capillary microcuvette 9.

During the measurement process, the analyzer determines the optical density of the physiological fluid at all wavelengths λi of the spectral range of the spectrophotometer (absorption spectrum).

Next, the multiplication obtained by measuring the optical densities D2 (λi) by the coefficients K2 (λi) corresponding to the optical filling cell 4. These coefficients must be pre-recorded in the analyzer memory. As a result, the optical density spectrum of the test substance is determined: D (λi) = D2 (λi) · K2 (λi) and the associated absorption spectrum A (λi).

The inventive device allows photometric determination of the concentration of hemoglobin, various derivatives of hemoglobin and other substances without dosing of blood and plasma and without preparation of reagents, it is possible to carry out measurements using disposable capillary microcuvettes 9, and using traditional optical filling cuvettes 4. In addition, The claimed device has reduced dimensions and a simple design, which increases the reliability and efficiency of its work as a whole. The device can be widely used in medical institutions and research centers.

Claims (4)

1. A photometric analyzer with a cell for installing an optical filling cell, including a removable adapter, an adapter for the presence of an adapter and an analyzer switching unit, the adapter being made in the form of a hollow body with a through channel, longitudinal grooves for installing an optical disposable capillary microcuvette are made on the inner surface of the adapter, the outer surface of the adapter is provided with guides for installing it in the cell, the adapter has at least two holes for the passage of the light beam, and the adapter is equipped with identification to interact with the adapter’s presence sensor, and the analyzer switching unit is made in the form of a reed switch and a magnet mounted on the lever and interacting with the reed switch, while the lever is mounted with the ability to move when exposed to an installed optical loading cell or optical disposable capillary microcuvette . 2. The photometric analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor of the presence of the adapter is made in the form of an optocoupler, and the identification element of the adapter is made in the form of a reflective portion on the outer surface of the adapter located in the area of the light of the optocoupler when the adapter is installed in the cell. 3. The photometric analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapter availability sensor is made in the form of a reed switch, and the adapter identification element is made in the form of a magnet mounted on the adapter in the reed sensitivity zone when the adapter is installed in the cell. 4. The photometric analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor of the presence of the adapter is made in the form of a push button, and the identification element of the adapter is made in the form of a protrusion on the wall of the adapter from the side of the push button to interact with it when installing the adapter in the cell.

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