RU2503827C2 - Method of operation of heating steam-turbine plant and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: in the method of operation of a heating steam-turbine plant they generate steam in a steam boiler, expand it in a turbine with simultaneous production of energy and heating of network water depending on the temperature curve of the heating network and schedule of electric load in the main network heaters with steam from heating bleeds of the turbine or live steam from the reduction cooling plant in additional network heaters during disconnection of the main network heaters and reduction of steam supply to the turbine. During heating of the network water in additional network heaters, they reduce supply of live steam to the reduction cooling plant, supply reduced steam into a jet compressor with simultaneous supply of bled stem from the turbine to a turbopump. They mix the reduced steam with the injected steam from the turbopump in a jet compressor, and supply the mixed steam to the additional network heater. There is also a device proposed for realisation of the method.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase cost effectiveness and maneuverability of a heating steam-turbine plant.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of power engineering, in particular, to cogeneration steam-turbine units of heating cogeneration plants and is intended to increase efficiency and maneuverability when unloading a power plant by electric power.

A known method of operation of a cogeneration steam turbine installation and a device for its implementation, described in (USSR AS, No. 1193275, publ. 18.05.84 B.I., No. 43, 1985). According to the method, steam is supplied from the heating selection to the main network heater, and sharp steam is supplied through the DOC to the peak network heater. Additionally, industrial extraction steam is fed into the peak network heater and the sharp steam is reduced to a reduction and cooling unit (ROW) during the hours of failure of the electrical load with the main network heater turned off.

The device comprises a boiler, a turbine with industrial and heating steam extraction, a condenser, main and peak network heaters, a deaerator, regenerative heaters, pumps, ROW.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is to reduce the consumption of steam industrial selection for the technological needs of enterprises; lack of industrial steam extraction from heating (city) CHP turbines; additional generation of electricity by industrial extraction steam consumed by the peak heater does not allow for deep unloading of thermal power plants according to the electrical schedule.

Closest to the claimed is the method of operation of a cogeneration steam turbine installation (AS of the USSR, No. 992756, publ. 30.01.83 B.I., No. 4, 1983). According to this method, the heating of the mains water is carried out in the main network heaters by steam from the cogeneration units of the turbine. During hours of reducing electric load, a decrease in electric power is carried out by reducing the consumption of sharp steam of the boiler and reducing the steam supply to the turbine with the reduction of sharp steam in the DOC, feeding it to an additional network heater with heating of the return network water in it when the main network heater is turned off.

Closest to the claimed is a device for operation of a cogeneration steam turbine installation (AS USSR, No. 992756, publ. 30.01.83 B.I., No. 4, 1983), comprising a boiler connected by a sharp steam pipeline to a turbine, an electric generator, a condenser , the main network heater connected to the pump and the return line water supply pipe, a deaerator, and also to the additional heater, which is connected to the sharp steam pipeline through a reduction and cooling unit

The disadvantage of this method and device is the low efficiency of the CHP when throttling hot steam through the DOC.

The task of the invention is to increase the efficiency and maneuverability of a cogeneration steam turbine installation.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the method of operation of a cogeneration steam-turbine unit, steam is generated in a steam boiler, expanded in a turbine with simultaneous generation of electricity and heating of the mains water, depending on the temperature schedule of the heating network and the schedule of the electric load in the main network heaters using steam from the heat recovery turbines or hot steam from a reduction and cooling installation in additional network heaters when disconnecting the main network heaters ateli and reducing the supply of steam to the turbine. What is new is that when heating network water in additional network heaters, they reduce the supply of sharp steam to the reduction and cooling unit, supply reduced steam to the jet compressor while supplying selected steam from the turbine to the turbopump. The reduced steam is mixed with the injected steam from a turbopump in a jet compressor, and mixed steam is supplied to an additional network heater.

This object is achieved in that the device comprises a boiler connected by a sharp steam pipeline to a turbine, an electric generator and a condenser. The main network heaters connected to the pump and the return network water supply pipe, as well as to the additional network heater, which is connected to the sharp steam pipeline through a reduction and cooling unit, are connected to the turbine through cogeneration selections. What is new is that an additional jet compressor has been introduced, connected between the additional heater and a reduction-cooling unit, as well as a turbo pump with a feed pump, connected on one side to the jet compressor, and on the other hand to the turbine.

No other technical solutions with similar distinctive features were found, thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated in the drawing (figure 1), which shows the scheme of operation of a cogeneration steam turbine installation.

The positions in the drawing indicate: boiler - 1; sharp steam pipeline - 2; turbine - 3; electric generator - 4; capacitor - 5; condensate pump - 6; heating selection - 7, 15; regenerative feed water heaters - 8, 28; gate valves - 9, 14, 19, 20, 25, 31; pipeline supply network water return - 10; network pump - 11; main network water heaters - 12, 13; the exhaust pipe of the turbopump - 16; feed pump - 17; deaerator - 18; injected steam pipeline - 21; turbopump - 22; selective steam pipeline to the turbopump - 23; additional network heater - 24; mixed steam pipeline of the jet compressor - 26; jet compressor - 27; reduced steam pipeline - 29; reduction and cooling unit (ROW) - 30.

The cogeneration steam-turbine installation contains a boiler 1 connected by a sharp steam pipe 2 to a turbine 3 having an electric generator 4, a condenser 5. Cogeneration steam take-offs 7, 15 are connected to the turbine and main network heaters 12, 13 are connected to the turbine 9, to a return network water supply pipeline 10, a network pump 11, main network heaters 12, 13 and an additional network heater 24, which is connected through a valve 25 to a jet compressor 27 connected through a reduced steam pipe 29 to the ROW 30, are connected. ROW through the valve 31 is connected to the pipeline of sharp steam 2 of the boiler 1. To the turbine 3 is connected through the pipeline of selected steam 23 turbopump 22, the exhaust vapor of which through the valve 19 through the pipe 16 is again fed to the turbine 3, and through the valve 20 through the pipeline of the injected steam 21 to jet compressor 27.

The regenerative heating of feed water of the turbine 3 includes a condenser 5, a condensate pump 6, regenerative heaters 8, 28, a deaerator 18, to which a feed pump 17 is connected. The condensate of the network heaters 12, 13, 24 is pumped to the deaerator 18.

The method of operation of a cogeneration steam turbine installation is as follows.

Steam is generated in a steam boiler 1, it is expanded in a turbine 3 with the simultaneous generation of electricity and heating of the mains water. Heating of network water is carried out depending on the temperature schedule of the heat network and the schedule of electric load. In the daytime at maximum electric load according to a given temperature schedule, the heating is carried out in the main network heaters 12, 13 with steam from the heat recovery units 7, 15 of the turbine 3. At night, when the electric load decreases with a decrease in the temperature of the network water, they are heated in an additional network heater 24 at turning off the main network heaters 12, 13 and reducing the steam supply to the turbine 3. Unloading of electric power during the removal of electricity demand by consumers at a given steam supply to the consumer, by producing heat supply to the consumer, they are produced by reducing the generation of electricity by the steam of the heat extraction 7, 15 and the exhaust steam of the turbopump 22 and heating the network water in an additional network heater 24 with mixed steam of the jet compressor 27, which uses reduced steam from ROW 30 and exhaust steam of the turbopump 22. In this case, the supply of sharp steam from the boiler 1 to the pipeline of sharp steam 2 to the turbine 3 is reduced, reducing the electric load on the generator 4, and t kzhe supplying steam at pressure-reducing cooling unit 30. With continued passage of steam to the condenser 5, reduce steam consumption cogeneration selections 7, 15, closing valves 9, 14 for the main network heaters 12, 13, reducing the temperature of the mains water. To restore the temperature of the network water according to the temperature schedule of the heat supply network, the switchgear 30 is turned on, opening the gate valve 31 and reduced steam is supplied through the pipe 29 to the jet compressor 27. At the same time, selected steam from the turbine 3 is fed to the turbopump 22. The exhaust vapor of the turbopump 22 enters when the valve 20 is opened and closing the valve 19 to the jet compressor 27. Mix the reduced steam with the injected steam from the turbopump 22 in the jet compressor 27 Mixed steam from the jet compressor 27 is fed through a pipe 26 to The optional network heater 24, opening the valve 25 for heating the network water, which is supplied to the additional network heater 24 from the return line of the network water 10 by the network pump 11 and is sent to the heat supply system.

When restoring the electric load on the cogeneration steam-turbine unit to the nominal value, the consumption of sharp steam from the boiler 1 through the pipe 2 to the turbine 3 and through the cogeneration steam take-offs 7, 15 is simultaneously increased, opening the valves 9, 14 to the main network heaters 12, 13, simultaneously open the valve 19 of the exhaust steam of the turbopump 22 for feeding it into the turbine 3. Turn off the ROW 30, closing the valve 31 from the pipeline of sharp steam 2, and the jet compressor 27, close the valve 20 and turn off the additional th network heater 24, closing the valve 25.

Thus, the described method of operation of a cogeneration steam-turbine installation has higher efficiency and maneuverability due to the reduction of steam consumption through the DOC.

To increase the maneuvering properties of the cogeneration steam turbine unit at night, the electric power is reduced by the electric schedule by deviating the cogeneration steam takeoffs to the main network heaters and additionally reduce the electric load of the turbines by stopping the supply of exhaust steam of the turbo pump to the turbine.

Claims (2)

1. The method of operation of a cogeneration steam-turbine installation, including generating steam in a steam boiler, expanding it in a turbine with simultaneous generation of electricity and heating of the mains water, depending on the temperature schedule of the heating network and the schedule of the electric load in the main network heaters using steam from the cogeneration turbine or hot steam from a reduction and cooling installation in an additional network heater when the main network heaters are turned off and the steam supply to the turbine is reduced, characterized in that when heating the network water in an additional network heater, they reduce the supply of hot steam to the reduction and cooling unit, supply the reduced steam to the jet compressor while supplying selected steam from the turbine to the turbopump, mix the reduced steam with the injected steam from the turbopump in the jet compressor and mixed steam is supplied to an additional network heater. 2. A cogeneration steam turbine installation comprising a boiler connected by a sharp steam pipeline to a turbine, an electric generator and a condenser; main heaters connected to the mains pump and return line water supply pipe, as well as to the additional mains heater, which is connected to the sharp steam pipeline through a reduction and cooling unit, characterized in that an additional jet compressor is included in between an additional network heater and a reduction and cooling unit, as well as a turbopump with a feed pump, connected on one side to the stream compressor, and on the other hand, to the turbine.

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