RU2495581C1 - Sterilised dairy product for children alimentation based on combined milk for children aged over one year - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dairy industry. The sterilised dairy children alimentation product for children aged over one year includes cow milk with fat content equal to 2.3%, goat milk with fat content equal to 2.0%, mare milk with fat content equal to 2.0%, maize oil, olive oil, maltodextrin, mineral substances, vitamins and water at the following ratio of initial components, wt % cow milk with fat content equal to 2.3% - 50.0÷60.0, goat milk with fat content equal to 2.0% 15.0÷20.0, mare milk with fat content equal to 2.0% 20.0÷25.0, maize oil - 0.5506÷0.6006, olive oil - 0.4008÷0.4509, maltodextrin - 2.105, mineral substances - 0.02735÷0.02835, vitamins - 0.01615044÷0.01665044, water - balance.

EFFECT: increase of the product food and biological value, improvement of the product organoleptic properties and extension of the children alimentation products range.

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Description

The invention relates to the dairy industry and can be used in the production of dairy products based on combined milk for children over one year old.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed product is the dairy product of baby food for children over the year “Nenny Golden Goat”, which includes goat milk, vegetable oils, maltodextrin, minerals, vitamins and water (Guidelines No. 26. Moscow Government, Department of Health. New possibilities of diet therapy for allergic skin lesions in young children. M., 2006, p.4). The product has a low content of whey proteins, the ratio of which to casein is 20:80, while for children over one year of age this ratio should be on average 30:70. This reduces the quality and digestibility of the protein, which in turn leads to a decrease in the biological and nutritional value of the product. The product contains whole milk powder, the preparation of which involves high-temperature processing. High temperatures cause undesirable physico-chemical changes in the protein system of milk, carbohydrates, vitamins, leading to a violation of its colloidal stability, a decrease in the nutritional and biological value of milk, and a deterioration in its taste and smell.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the nutritional, biological value of the product, improve the organoleptic properties of the product, expand the range of baby food.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a sterilized dairy product for baby food for children over one year old, including goat milk, vegetable oils, maltodextrin, minerals, vitamins and water, additionally contains cow's milk, mare’s milk, and corn oil and olive oil, with the following content of the starting components, wt.%:

Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 50.0 ÷ 60.0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 15.0 ÷ 20.0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 20.0 ÷ 25.0 Corn oil 0.5506 ÷ 0.6006 Olive oil 0.4008 ÷ 0.4509 Maltodextrin 2,105 Minerals 0.02735 ÷ 0.02835 Vitamins 0.01615044 ÷ 0.01665044 Water Rest

The claimed technical result is achieved in a combination of the following factors.

The dairy component is represented by a combination of cow, goat and mare's milk.

Cow's milk, goat's, mare contains many useful substances necessary for a growing body. Milk contains more than 200 various mineral and organic substances. The composition of milk contains from 83 to 89% water, the rest is carbohydrates, fats and proteins, as well as vitamins (fat and water soluble), minerals, enzymes, hormones, and special protective substances. Milk is a source of phosphorus and calcium, which in fact determines its important role in the nutrition of children - because at an early age there is an active growth of the skeleton, teeth. This valuable product also contains manganese, iron, cobalt, which, in combination with vitamin B ₁₂ , take an important role in blood formation processes. Milk fat contains fatty acids necessary to protect the body from adverse factors, is easily digested and absorbed. Cow's milk is the most affordable, low-cost raw material. The ratio of casein to whey in cow's milk is 80:20.

Goat milk contains up to 25% whey protein. A high assessment of the quality of goat milk protein is associated with a significant content of α-lactoalbumin (14.5% of the total protein content), which compares favorably with cow's milk (2.5%). This is the main protein of breast milk (25-35% of the total protein), it contains a large number of amino acids important for the baby, such as tryptophan and lysine. As a result of the digestion of α-lactoalbumin, peptides are formed with antibacterial and immunostimulating properties. In the casein fraction of goat milk, there is no 1S-α-casein, and in the albumin fraction, α-lactoalbumin dominates (β-lactoglobulin (unlike cow milk). These differences explain the significantly lower sensitizing activity of goat milk proteins (Matalygina O.A. and preventive possibilities of new food products for children based on goat milk. Issues of modern pediatrics. 2008. Volume 7. No. 1, pp. 67-69).

Use in combined milk for baby food mare's milk allows you to enrich the claimed product with whey proteins. Mare's albumin milk contains up to 50% of whey proteins (Biochemistry of milk and dairy products. Korbatova KK “Light and food industry.” M. 1984, p.83). Albumin has many vital amino acids. When coagulating casein, mare's milk does not form a clot, it turns into delicate small flakes, almost invisible to the eye, which contributes to its better dissolution by gastric juice and assimilation by the body. In general, the proportion of total protein averages 1.2–2%. Proteins of mares milk have high nutritional value, due to high digestibility, the content of amino acids that are used to build protein substances of the human body. They contain α-lactoalbumin and β-lactoglobulin up to 77%. Mare's milk proteins are complete - they contain all the essential amino acids that are not produced in the body and must come from food.

By the biochemical composition of the mare's milk, it is very similar to human mother's milk. It contains a small amount of fat with a spreading consistency, a large amount of milk sugar, rich in minerals, trace elements and vitamin C. Mare's milk fat is in the form of very small fat globules (2.1 μm), white. Biological value of mare’s milk exceeds that of cow’s milk, as it is rich in linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids, which make up the so-called vitamin F, therefore it has a semi-liquid consistency at room temperature. A high iodine value indicates a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (including polyunsaturated). Due to the small size of the fat globules and the lower melting point, mare's milk fat has a delicate texture, as a result of which it is easily absorbed by the intestines.

Each of these types of milk contains its own qualitative and quantitative composition of protein and essential amino acids. Due to this, the protein fraction of the claimed product has a casein to whey protein ratio of 70:30 and an amino acid composition close to the amino acid composition of the standard of physiological needs of a child older than a year. The standard for the physiological needs of children over one year old is the standard for the amino acid composition of protein for children 1.5 years old (Prerequisites for improving the quality of products for centralized nutrition of children. Lipatov NN, Bashkirov OI and others. Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Scientific Institution Research Institute of Baby Nutrition, Moscow, 2004, p. 49). Table 1 presents the composition of the essential amino acids of cow's, goat's and mare's milk in comparison with the standard.

Table 1 Amino acids g / 100 g protein Cow's milk Goat milk Mare's milk Mature Milk Standard (from 1 year) isoleucine 4.7 5.70 5.32 4.60 4.45 leucine 9.5 10.3 7.91 9.80 9.10 lysine 7.8 7.80 8.41 7.50 7.0 methionine + cysteine 3.3 3.33 4.9 4.00 3.88 phenylalanine + tyrosine 10,2 8.00 15.77 8.60 7.95 threonine 4.4 4.80 4.91 4.60 4.45 tryptophan 1.4 1.40 1.41 1,50 1.38 valine 6.4 6.40 4.64 5.20 5.15

In the claimed product, the composition of the fat component is optimized - milk fat is partially replaced by a mixture of vegetable oils (olive, corn), selected in a proportion that allows to ensure maximum approximation of the fatty acid composition of the milk mixture to the fatty acid composition of the standard. The vitamin and mineral composition of the product meets the needs of children over one year old.

The claimed combination of features allows to obtain a sterilized dairy product of baby food based on combined milk for children older than a year with high biological and nutritional value, improved organoleptic properties (taste and smell) in comparison with the prototype produced on the basis of milk powder.

An increase in the proportion of cow's milk leads to a decrease in the biological value of the protein, a deterioration in its quality, a decrease in nutritional and biological value, digestibility, and a decrease in the dietary properties of the product.

A decrease in the proportion of cow's milk leads to a rise in price of the product. An increase in the proportion of goat milk leads to an increase in its specific taste and to an increase in the cost of the product. An increase in the proportion of mare's milk leads to a rise in price of the product.

Deviations to a greater or lesser extent from the declared values of all the indicated parameters of the composition of the product lead to a decrease in its biological and nutritional value, deterioration in organoleptic properties, which does not allow the product to be used for feeding children over one year old.

A method of obtaining the claimed product is carried out, for example, as follows. Pre-purified goat and cow milk (with a protein content of 3.2% and 3.2%, respectively) are heated to a temperature of 43 ÷ 47 ° C, sent to a separator-cream separator or a separator-normalizer and normalized respectively to a mass fraction of fat of 2.0% and 2.3%.

Normalized cow and goat milk is mixed with purified mare's milk (fat content 2.0%, protein 2.0%) and sent for interim storage.

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is dissolved in 7 l of drinking water at a temperature of 35 ÷ 45 ° C. After its complete dissolution, vitamin PP, vitamins B ₁ B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₆ , B ₁₂ , folic acid (vitamin B _C ) are added to the solution, mixed for at least 15 minutes.

Iron sulfate is dissolved in 2.3 liters of drinking water at a temperature of 38 ÷ 42 ° C and immediately the solution is fed into a multicomponent mixture with constant stirring.

Potassium citrate salts of sodium are dissolved in drinking water at a temperature of 35 ÷ 45 ° C to obtain an aqueous solution with a mass fraction of salt of not more than 25.0% and served in normalized milk, consisting of cow, goat and mare's milk with constant stirring. Storage of normalized milk with salts for no more than 2 hours at a temperature of 2 ÷ 6 ° C.

Copper sulfate, zinc sulfate are dissolved with constant stirring in drinking water with a temperature of 35 ÷ 45 ° C until a solution with a mass fraction of salts of not more than 3.0% is obtained.

Normalized milk, maltodextrin, solutions of water-soluble vitamins, mineral salts and drinking water are added to the reservoir for preparing a multicomponent mixture with constant stirring. The mixture is stirred for at least 30 minutes. The resulting mixture, preheated to a temperature of 35 ÷ 45 ° C, is subjected to purification on a separator-purifier or passed through a filter, and then heated to a temperature of 65 ÷ 75 ° C and sent to a deaerator, where it is deaerated under vacuum at least 50 KPa.

A mixture of vegetable oils (corn and olive) and fat-soluble vitamins A, D is fed simultaneously with a multicomponent mixture to a 2-stage homogenizer at a temperature of 65 ÷ 75 ° C, where it is homogenized at a pressure of: 12 ÷ 16 MPa - at the first stage; 2 ÷ 6 MPa - in the second stage, then served for sterilization. Product sterilization is carried out at a temperature of 134 ÷ 138 ° C with an exposure of 5 s.

Then it is cooled to a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C and sent to an aseptic tank and then to packaging.

Example 1. To prepare 100 kg of a sterilized dairy product for baby food based on combined milk, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 60.0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 15.0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 20,0 Corn oil 0,6006 Olive oil 0.4008 Maltodextrin 2,105 Potassium citrate 0.0161 Sodium Citrate 0.0050 Iron sulfate 0.0035 Zinc Sulfate 0.00265 Copper sulfate 0.0001 Vitamin C 0.0150 Vitamin PP 0,000813 Vitamin B ₁ 0.00011 Vitamin B ₂ 0.00012 Vitamin B ₃ 0,00042 Vitamin B ₆ 0,000085 Vitamin B _C 0.000013 Vitamin B ₁₂ 0.00000024 Vitamin A 0.000088 Vitamin D 0.0000012 Water The rest is up to 100

Example 2. For the preparation of 100 kg of a sterilized milk product of baby food based on combined milk, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 55.0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 20,0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 20,0 Corn oil 0.5506 Olive oil 0.4509 Maltodextrin 2,105 Potassium citrate 0.0161 Sodium Citrate 0.0055 Iron sulfate 0.0035 Zinc Sulfate 0.00265 Copper sulfate 0.0001 Vitamin C 0.0145 Vitamin PP 0,000813 Vitamin B ₁ 0.00011 Vitamin B ₂ 0.00012 Vitamin B ₃ 0,00042 Vitamin B ₆ 0,000085 Vitamin B _s 0.000013 Vitamin B ₁₂ 0.00000024 Vitamin A 0.000088 Vitamin D 0.0000012 Water  The rest is up to 100

Example 3. For the preparation of 100 kg of a sterilized milk product of baby food based on combined milk, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 50,0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 20,0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 25.0 Corn oil 0,6006 Olive oil 0.4008 Maltodextrin 2,105 Potassium citrate 0.0166 Sodium Citrate 0.0050 Iron sulfate 0.0035 Zinc Sulfate 0.00265 Copper sulfate 0.0001 Vitamin C 0.0145 Vitamin PP 0,000813 Vitamin B ₁ 0.00011 Vitamin B ₂ 0.00012 Vitamin B ₃ 0,00042 Vitamin B ₆ 0,000085 Vitamin B _s 0.000013 Vitamin B ₁₂ 0.00000024 Vitamin A 0.000088 Vitamin D 0.0000012 Water The rest is up to 100

The sterilized dairy product of baby food based on combined milk, obtained according to examples 1-3, is a homogeneous liquid without protein flakes and whipped lumps of fat. The taste and smell are clean, moderately sweet with the aftertaste and smell of boiled milk and added ingredients. The color is white with a cream tint, uniform throughout the mass. In the protein fraction of the product, whey proteins reach 30%. The product complies with the unified sanitary and epidemiological and hygienic requirements for goods subject to sanitary and epidemiological surveillance (control) No. 299 of 05/28/10

The inventive product has the following physico-chemical characteristics:

Mass fraction of fat,% 2.8-3.2 Mass fraction of protein,% 2.5-2.9 Titratable acidity, ° T, no more 17.0

Mass concentration of minerals, mg / l:

potassium 400-1000 sodium 250-350 gland 5-13 zinc 4-10 copper 0.4-1.0 ash, g / l 4.0-5.0

Mass concentration of vitamins, mg / l:

BUT 0.4-0.8 D 0.007-0.015 FROM 55.0-115.0 PP 3.0-10.0 B ₁ 0.6-1.0 B ₂ 0.5-1.5 B ₃ 3.4-3.6 In _with 0,065-0,145 At ₁₂ 0.0022

Example 4. For the preparation of 100 kg of a sterilized milk product of baby food based on combined milk, the initial components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 80.0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 10.0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 5,0 Corn oil 0.4008 Olive oil 0,6006 Maltodextrin 2,105 Potassium citrate 0.0161 Sodium Citrate 0.0050 Iron sulfate 0.0065 Zinc Sulfate 0.0045 Copper sulfate 0.0001 Vitamin C 0,0200 Vitamin PP 0,000813 Vitamin B ₁ 0.00005 Vitamin B ₂ 0.00012 Vitamin B ₃ 0,00042 Vitamin B ₆ 0,000085 Vitamin B _s 0.000013 Vitamin B ₁₂ 0.00000024 Vitamin A 0.000088 Vitamin D 0.0000012 Water The rest is up to 100

Example 5. For the preparation of 100 kg of a sterilized milk product of baby food based on combined milk, the starting components are taken in the following quantities, kg:

Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 85.0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 5,0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 5,0 Corn oil 0,6006 Olive oil 0.4008 Maltodextrin 1.05 Potassium citrate 0,021 Sodium Citrate 0.01 Iron sulfate 0.0035 Zinc Sulfate 0.00265 Copper sulfate 0.0001 Vitamin C 0.0145 Vitamin PP 0,000813 Vitamin B ₁ 0.00011 Vitamin B ₂ 0.00012 Vitamin B ₃ 0,00042 Vitamin B ₆ 0,000085 Vitamin B _s 0.000013 Vitamin B ₁₂ 0.00000024 Vitamin A 0.000088 Vitamin D 0.0000012 Water The rest is up to 100

Combined milk for the production of baby food, obtained according to examples 4-5, has a reduced nutritional and biological value, the amino acid composition is deteriorated, in comparison with the reference value. This milk is undesirable to use in the manufacture of baby products.

The inventive product has increased biological and nutritional value, improved organoleptic properties. The product has a less dense clot, better digestibility, amino acid composition close to the standard.

The inventive product is natural and can serve as an alternative to baby food, in the composition of which whey proteins are added. Since the process of obtaining whey proteins and using them in the technological chain of production of baby food is time-consuming, energy-intensive, time-consuming and expensive, which leads to an increase in the cost of the final product.

Using the product will expand the range of baby food.

Claims (1)

A sterilized dairy product for baby food for children over one year old, including goat milk, vegetable oils, maltodextrin, minerals, vitamins and water, characterized in that it additionally contains cow's milk, mare’s milk, and corn oils and butter are used as vegetable oils olive with the following content of the starting components, wt.%:
Cow's milk fat content of 2.3% 50.0 ÷ 60.0 Goat milk with a fat content of 2.0% 15.0 ÷ 20.0 Mare's milk fat content of 2.0% 20.0 ÷ 25.0 Corn oil 0.5506 ÷ 0.6006 Olive oil 0.4008 ÷ 0.4509 Maltodextrin 2,105 Minerals 0.02735 ÷ 0.02835 Vitamins 0.01615044 ÷ 0.01665044 Water Rest