RU2493692C1 - Beater drum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry, in particular to threshing devices for threshing agricultural crops. The beater drum comprises a housing 1 formed by discs 2 with the ledges 4 fixed to a shaft 3. On the ledges 4 the teeth operating elements 5 are mounted, the bases 7 of which are bent in a direction opposite to the teeth 6. At least on two of them the streamlined planks 8 are located. The other teeth operating elements 5 are provided with folding streamlined planks 10.

EFFECT: in the beater drum the high efficiency in threshing of all crops harvested by grain combine harvesters is provided.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to threshing devices for threshing crops.

Known threshing device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 1394484, class. 01F 12/22, containing a cylindrical threshing drum equipped with bases located along its generatrix with rows of teeth, the tops of which lie on the same cylindrical surface and located under the drum deck, the teeth of the rows are alternately shorter and the bases are thicker than in the remaining rows, with this base profiles are made in a logarithmic spiral.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of manufacturability of the drum, due to the need to produce rows of teeth with bases of different thicknesses.

Closest to the proposed device for a technical solution is a device for threshing grain crops according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2048736, class. A01F 12/18, comprising a threshing drum, along the generatrix of which there are bases with rows of bent teeth of the same length, and a deck located under the drum at least on two diametrically opposite bases in front of the teeth is a bar, the lower and rear surfaces of which are facing the bases and teeth, and the working surface is convex, the base and teeth are made of the same thickness.

The disadvantage of this device is less than the widely used drum threshing threshing device, the efficiency when threshing some small seeded crops, such as grass seed plants requiring more severe exposure.

The task of the invention is to provide high efficiency when threshing all crops harvested by combine harvesters.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the threshing drum, which includes a housing formed by disks with protrusions mounted on the shaft, and mounted tooth working elements, the bases of which are curved in the direction opposite to the direction of the teeth, with at least , on two of them with streamlined slats, all or part of the remaining tooth working elements are equipped with hinged bars pivotally connected to the tooth working elements and fixed in the inoperative position with the possibility of translation in p Working position.

New significant features.

1. The drum without headers with tooth working elements is equipped with hinged streamlined slats.

2. Hinged streamlined laths are pivotally connected with tooth working elements.

3. Hinged streamlined straps are fixed on the disks in the idle position with the ability to translate into working position.

The listed new essential features in conjunction with the known ones provide the result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The technical result - ensuring high technological efficiency and rational energy consumption when threshing all crops harvested by combine harvesters, is achieved due to the fact that:

1) the design of the drum allows you to change the number of working elements with low teeth;

2) the swivel connection with the tooth working elements of the plates, on which the streamlined straps are fixed, allows the latter to be installed in the working or inoperative position;

3) the option with the hinged streamlined laths fixed in the idle position is applicable when harvesting cereal crops, which in the grain balance of Russia are 90%.

Distinctive features of the claimed device does not follow clearly from the prior art, which indicates their compliance with the inventive step.

The proposed device is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 is a cross section of a drum;

figure 2 is a transverse section of the drum in the working position of the hinged streamlined straps;

figure 3 is a section along aa in figure 1.

The threshing drum comprises a housing 1 formed by discs 2 mounted on a shaft 3, and tooth working elements 5 with teeth 6 mounted on the tabs 4 of the disk 2. The bases of 7 tooth working elements 5 are curved in the direction opposite to the direction of the teeth 6. On two diametrically opposite teeth streamlined strips 8 are installed on the working elements 5. The strips 8 partially overlap the teeth 6 in length so that the working part 9 of the latter is shorter than the teeth of the remaining rows. The teeth 6 of the working elements 5 can be located on the housing 1 along a helical line or in a checkerboard pattern so that adjacent tooth tracks partially overlap each other, and the tops of all the teeth lie on one cylindrical surface.

Tooth working elements 5, equipped with hinged streamlined laths 10, are equipped with ears 11, in which plates 13 are mounted pivotally with the help of fingers 12, on which streamlined laths 10 are fixed. Hinged streamlined laths 10 can be fixed on disks 2 in the idle and working position using detachable connections, for example bolted (not shown).

The threshing drum can work in two versions - with hinged streamlined slats 10, fixed in non-working and working positions. The first option is highly effective when harvesting cereal crops, rice, cereals and a number of other crops. In particular, when harvesting cereal crops, the throughput capacity of the combine thresher is 18-24% higher than the same combine equipped with a threshing threshing machine, grain loss is 1.5-2.0 times less, microtrauma of grain is 30- less 40%, the energy consumption of threshing is lower by 20-30%, which allows to reduce fuel consumption during the operation of the combine by 13-19% and, accordingly, the emission of exhaust gases into the atmosphere, reducing the negative impact on the environment. When harvesting seeds of grass crops, such as clover, and other small-seeded crops, the threshing drum in the second embodiment is more effective.

The threshing drum as part of the threshing device of the combine in both versions works as follows. The supplied plant mass at the entrance to the threshing device is subjected to threshing by impacts of the working elements 5 and is discarded onto a deck (not shown). At the entrance, most of the grain is threshed. The mass thrown to the surface of the deck when moving it under the action of the working elements 5 of the drum is subjected to further threshing by blows and wiping. Simultaneously with threshing, grain and small impurities are separated through the holes of the deck.

Claims (1)

A threshing drum, which includes a housing formed by disks with protrusions mounted on the shaft, and tooth working elements mounted on the protrusions, the bases of which are curved in the direction opposite to the direction of the teeth, with at least two of them being streamlined with strips the fact that the rest of all or part of the tooth working elements are equipped with hinged streamlined slats that are pivotally connected to the tooth working elements and are fixed on the disks in the idle position with the possibility of overturning and in the working position.

Images