RU2491900C2 - Miner's belt - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medical equipment, particularly to belts, braces, as well as to individual speed-up aids, namely for miners. The miner's belt comprises a back with attached two knitted lower sides and two upper fibre band sides with an elastic stretched knitted insert; the sides are provided with Velcro fasteners. A lower portion of the belt is provided with an extended lower edge supported by wings of ilium. The belt comprises pockets formed on the sides for an inflexible rib which is arched in the sagittal direction. A load carrier is attached to a top of the rib arch. A pad is placed on a lower surface of the arch and load carrier. A lower surface of the rib arch is placed above a miner's shoulder. A back end of the rib is introduced into the pocket on a posterolateral surface of the belt. A front end of the arched rib is introduced into the pocket on an anteriolateral surface of the side on the same side. A side strap with fasteners on its free ends is attached to the load carrier and delivered through an axillary cavity from the opposite side.

EFFECT: improved prevention of the spinal lumbar damages and higher occupational safety and speed-up with reduced physical load on the arms and spine at various body height both of a right-hander, and of a left-hander by load pressure distribution on the shoulder and pelvis, more comfortable and reliable simplification of the assemblies and detachment to be used, washed, repaired, replaced and stored.

6 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, in particular to belts, corsets, as well as to individual means of increasing the productivity of physical labor, namely miners.

The coal mining industry employs thousands of miners. Work in underground conditions is one of the most laborious with a high risk to health and even life. In Russia, the Kuznetsk basin (Kemerovo region) occupies the first place in coal reserves. In it, geological reserves of coal amounted to 903.9 billion tons, while coking coal - 363.7 billion tons. Mine field size, for example. “Karagailinskaya” reach 9.5 km, the length of the brachisyncline, for example, of the Chertinsky deposit is 12 km with a width of 4 km within the mine field of mine No. 5/6 of the Prokopyevskugol trust, 32 working formations lie with a thickness of up to 18 m and a drop of up to 80 °. The production capacity of one mine can reach 1.5 million tons or more per year. Despite the introduction of new technology into the coal industry: roadheaders, scraper containers, rock loading and coal loading machines, electric drills and other modern designs, manual labor is also widely used in it. Miners manually deliver the forest to the lava. As the production deepens, the workplace moves and there is a need to transfer equipment and materials. In the lava they carry a special lining - bushes from metal racks, as well as a scraper conveyor at a distance of at least 30 meters. As a special lining in lavas, metal bonfires are used from the ends of the mine rails of 24 kg, located at the lava drop every 2.5 meters. Carrying conveyor STR-30 is complemented by carrying pans. To control the roof using wooden bushes, in each of which 12 racks in three rows, only 5-6 bushes are transferred at a time. The conveyor SKR-11 is carried with disassembly in parts by hand. After carrying the conveyor from the hatch oven, OKU cabinets are also transferred. The assistant machinist delivers puffs for lining under the combine, carrying the thrust stand and cable. When coal mining in the Kuzbass mines, the delivery of materials through cutting furnaces is also carried out manually [Strelnikov D.A., Kozhevin V.G., Gorbachev T.F. Development of coal deposits in Kuzbass. Ugletekhizdat. M. 1959. S. - 36, 41, 44, 51, 85, 86, 93, 114, 118, 161, 218, 297]. Thus, the severity of the work of a miner is largely due to the transfer of heavy objects on themselves. The need to carry them in the hands or on the shoulder, for example, by drifting between the winch and the mechanical complex through narrow passages, often only up to 0.7 meters wide and along an uneven slippery surface, sometimes with insufficient lighting, can lead to injuries and subsequent complications. It is known that during mining operations, injuries of the spine with damage to the spinal cord in mining workers account for 0.6% [Surgery of injuries of the nervous system. Edited by V.N. Shamova. Gos. ed. medical literature. Medghiz. Linen. Dep. 1959, p. 222]. The work of a miner, in addition to the high expenditure of physical strength, requires significant nervous tension, associated primarily with the possibility of injuries, including the lumbar spine. Besides. the occurrence of various diseases of the lower back is associated with the process of coal mining in mines at low temperatures with hypothermia. With the consequences of injuries and diseases of the spine, vegetative-visceral disorders, regional disorders of thermoregulation and sweating, local edema or tissue pastes, skin-trophic disorders, muscle hypotrophy, paresthesia or sympathalgia can develop [V.V. Proskurin. Manual therapy of visceral manifestations of osteochondrosis of the spine. Ed. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. M. 1993. C - 40]. The arising pains cause suffering in people and disrupt their ability to work. In severe cases, in case of damage to the spinal cord as a result of trauma or loss of a hernia of the intervertebral disc, disorders of limb movements and functions of internal organs can develop, requiring surgical intervention and often leading to disability and sometimes death. Previously, the primary task in the coal industry was to increase labor productivity, but the miner's labor safety was considered before economic efficiency, but in a market economy, raising income for a narrow circle of people comes first. The creation and improvement of personal protective equipment for the lumbar spine of miners has not been given due attention for a long time. Recently, we have been developing individual means of protection and prophylaxis of spinal diseases in manual workers (Patents of the Russian Federation No. 2241416, 2329015, etc.). The need for the miner to carry heavy objects on himself over a considerable distance in difficult underground conditions and the lack of the means prescribed by the instructions prompted us to develop a special device aimed at facilitating the miner's physical work, reducing the load on the spine and at the same time preventing the occurrence of injuries and diseases of the lumbar spine.

As a result of the search for the prototype, no belt for miners was found in the prior art.

The technical result consists in expanding the possibilities of using the device at different heights of the human body, both right-handed and left-handed people, for carrying goods with reducing the load on the arms and spine by transferring gravity pressure to the person’s shoulder and pelvis, improving safety, more comfortable and reliable simplification connection and separation of device parts for use, washing, repair and storage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the miner’s belt includes a back, two lower sides of knitted material connected to it and two upper sides of the strand with an insert of elastically extensible knitted material, equipped with Velcro fabric fastener elements at the ends, the lower part of the belt being made with an extended lower edge, with the possibility of resting on the wings of the ilium, while on the sides there are pockets under the rib, which is made curved in a sagittal direction from hard material, while NJ surface arc rib is adapted to extend above the shoulder human rear end of the rib is adapted for insertion into the pocket. made on the posterolateral surface of the belt, and the front end of the arcuate rib is made with the possibility of introducing it into the pocket on the anterolateral surface of the side of the side, and a load holder is attached to the top of the arc of the rib. and on the bottom surface of the arc and the gruyder / catel placed a pillow. at the same time, a side strap is attached to the load carrier with fasteners at its free ends with the possibility of passing it through the armpit of the opposite side.

In a preferred embodiment, several different deep pockets are made layer-by-layer on the outer wall of the pocket, allowing the pocket to be selected in depth and to introduce the end of the arcuate rib to different depths, while under the deepest pocket a strap with a fastener element is made with the possibility of attaching the rib to the fastener element with changing the length of the working parts of the strap.

In another preferred embodiment, the pillow is larger in area than the load carrier.

In a further preferred embodiment, a restrictive protrusion and a fastening element are formed on the load carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, wedge-shaped inserts of rubberized fabric are made on the upper edge of the belt.

In a preferred embodiment, the axillary portion of the strap is made expanded.

The essence of the invented device is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 - device in assembled condition, front view. Figure 2 is the same, view from the back surface. Figure 3 is the same side view. Figure 4 - detail of the device is the load holder, a side view from the side of the shoulder. Figure 5 - detail of the device - lumbar belt, view from the inside. Figure 6 is the same, view from the outside. In Fig.7 - detail, the back of the belt, side view. Figure 1-7 marked: 1 - the upper part of the back of the belt; 2 - the lower part of the back of the belt; 3 - the right lower side of the belt; 4 - the right upper side of the belt; 5 - left upper side of the belt; 6 - left lower side of the belt; 7 - loop fastener element on the back surface of the end of the upper starboard side; 8 - hook element of the fastener of the upper left side; 9 - loop fastener element on the outer surface of the lower right side; 10 - hook element of the fastener on the inner surface of the lower left side; 11 - pocket of the lower left side; 12 - a strap of a pocket of the left bottom side; 13 - left back pocket; 14 - strap of the left back pocket; 15 - hole for the fastener in the strap of the left back pocket; 16 - the right pocket of the back; 17 - hole for the fastener in the strap of the right back pocket; 18 - hole for the fastener in the strap of the right back pocket; 19 - pocket of the right lower side; 20 - pocket of the right lower side; 21 - hole for the fastener in the strap of the starboard pocket; 22 - loops left upper side; 23 - loops of the right upper side; 24 - left loops back; 25 - the right loops back; 26 - an elastic element in the upper left part of the back; 27 - an elastic element in the upper right side of the back; 28 - elastic element of the upper left side; 29 - an elastic element of the upper left side; 30 - medium depth pocket; 31 - a large depth pocket; 32-shallow depth pocket; 33 - the front of the arcuate ribs; 34 - the back of the arcuate ribs; 35 - a shock-absorbing pillow; 36 - load carrier in the form of a rigid plate attached to the top of the arcuate ribs; 37 - front portion of the retaining strap; 38 - the back portion of the retaining strap; 39 - fastener of the ends of the strap; 40 - external limiter of the load holder 36; 41 - neck stopper of the load holder 36; 42 - fastener element 39 of the front portion 37 of the retaining strap; 43 - fastener element 39 of the rear portion 37 of the retaining strap; 44 - the element of attachment of the strap of the pocket of the lower left side 12; 45 - an element of attachment of the strap of the pocket of the left pocket 13 of the back 12; 46 - front stop of the load holder 36 with a fastener for holding the load; 47 - rear stop of the load holder 36 with a fastener for holding the load; 48 - expansion in a strap; 49 - hook.

A specific example of the execution and use of the device with the support of both ends of the ribs on the belt. Before use, individually determine the optimal height of the lower surface of the arc of the rib with a pillow 35 above the left shoulder of a person. The end 11 of the rib 33 is inserted into a pocket 11 selected at the depth. The fastener of the strap 12 is fastened to the element 44 on the rib. The end of the back part 34 of the rib is inserted into the pocket 13 and the fastener 15 of the strap 14 is attached to the element 45. A belt is put on the lower back so that the lower part 1 of the back is located above the wings of the ilium, i.e. lay on the basin of the worker. With proper tension of the sides 3 and 6 around the lower back fasten the fasteners 9 and 10 together. Stretching the elastic elements 28 and 29, as well as wedge-shaped elastic inserts of type 26 and 27, fasten the fasteners 7 and 8 of the upper side strands 4 and 5. The strap of the extended part 48 is brought under the opposite shoulder and fasten the fasteners 42 and 43 of the ends of the strap. On the load holder 36 is placed and, if necessary, secure the cargo. The device is ready for use in carrying cargo, additionally holding it with your hand.

The significance of the differences is as follows. The implementation of the ribs arcuate from a strong rigid material, to the apex of the arc of which a support plate is attached, makes it possible to place on the plate a load placed in the shoulder region, which reduces the load on the arm when carrying the load on itself. Attaching to the lower surface of the base plate and to the arc of the shock-absorbing cushion eliminates the point pressure of the load on the person’s shoulder and distributes it over a wider area of the support. The attachment of the pillow to the base plate so that its edges protrude above the edges of the plate eliminates the pressure of the edges of the rigid plate on the human skin. The introduction of one end of the rib into the pocket on the anterolateral surface of the belt, and the second end of the rib into the pocket on the posterolateral surface of the side of the side distributes the pressure of the load on the front and rear parts of the belt resting on the pelvis, which reduces the load on the spine. Attaching to the base plate of the side strap with fasteners at its free ends keeps the arcuate rib and the base plate from shifting outward and reduces the likelihood of a load fall. The execution of the strap with the ability to bring it through the chest into the armpit keeps the base plate from shifting up and out. Running on the outer wall of the pocket several layers of pockets with different depths allows the pocket to be selected in depth and introducing the end of the arcuate rib to different depths, and making a fastening element under the pocket hole that holds the end of the rib in the pocket allows you to comfortably use the device at different heights of the worker’s body. The execution of pockets under the ribs on the other side of the belt provides the possibility of using the belt with right-handed and left-handed people, as well as changing the load on the shoulders. Performing the lower back with a wider lower edge provides the ability to support it on the wings of the ilium, which reduces the load on the spine. Attaching a strap belt under a pocket with the possibility of attaching its other end to the rib increases the reliability of holding the end of the rib in the pocket at a given depth. The implementation on the rigid base plate of the limiting protrusion and the fastening element contributes to a more reliable retention of the load on the base plate. Performing expansion in the middle of the webbing reduces the pressure of the webbing on the skin, creating a comfortable use of the device. Performing fastener elements at the ends of the strap with the possibility of changing the length of the working part of the strap more reliably prevents the support plate from moving outward with the load falling from it, and also expands the possibility of using the device with different widths of the worker’s chest.

Thus, the proposed technical solution, in combination with its features, to improve the quality of prevention of spinal injuries and the occurrence of diseases of the lumbar spine expands the possibilities of using the device at different heights of the human body, both right-handed and left-handed, to carry cargo with reduced load on the hands and spine by transferring gravity pressure to a person’s shoulder and pelvis, improving safety measures, more comfortable and reliable simplification of connection and separation of device parts for use use, washing, repair, replacement and storage.

The use of the device is possible in construction and in agriculture.

Claims (6)

1. The miner’s belt, including the back, two lower sides of knitted material and two upper sides of the belt with an insert of elastically extensible knitted material connected to it, provided with Velcro fastener elements at the ends, the lower part of the belt with an extended lower edge, with the ability to rely on the wings of the ilium, contains on the sides of the pockets under the rib, which is made arcuately curved in the sagittal direction of hard material, and to the top of the arc of the ribs attached cargo atelier, and a pillow is placed on the lower surface of the arc and the load holder, while the lower surface of the arc of the rib is arranged to be positioned over the person’s shoulder, the rear end of the rib is adapted to be inserted into a pocket made on the posterolateral surface of the belt, and the front end of the arcuate rib is made with the possibility of introducing it into a pocket on the anterolateral surface of the side of the side, while a side strap is attached to the load carrier with fasteners at its free ends with the possibility of passing it through under muscle cavity of the opposite side. 2. The miner’s belt according to claim 1, characterized in that several different-depth pockets are made layer-by-layer on the outer wall of the pocket, allowing the pocket to be selected in depth and introducing the end of the arcuate rib to different depths, while a strap with a fastener element is made under the deepest pocket the possibility of attaching ribs to the fastener element with changing the length of the working part of the strap. 3. The miner's belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the pillow is larger than the cargo holder in area. 4. The miner belt according to claim 1, characterized in that a restrictive protrusion and a fastening element are made on the load carrier. 5. The miner’s belt according to claim 1, characterized in that on the upper edge of the belt there are wedge-shaped inserts made of rubberized fabric. 6. The miner’s belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the axillary part of the strap is extended.

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